本文選題：數(shù)字波束形成 + 旁瓣對(duì)消��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：未來(lái)復(fù)雜、多變的海戰(zhàn)環(huán)境要求艦載相控陣?yán)走_(dá)在各種條件下自適應(yīng)工作,使雷達(dá)與使用環(huán)境始終處于最佳的匹配狀態(tài)。近幾年來(lái),數(shù)字波束形成的應(yīng)用和實(shí)時(shí)自適應(yīng)處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展使艦載相控陣?yán)走_(dá)的自適應(yīng)能力提高到一個(gè)新水平。數(shù)字波束形成是采用數(shù)字技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)瞬時(shí)多波束,能夠?qū)Ω蓴_源自適應(yīng)瞄零,有很強(qiáng)的自適應(yīng)處理能力,并可獲得超分辨率和超低旁瓣性能。雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)中,如何使得陣列方向圖的旁瓣得以有效地改善已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)基本且十分關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題,對(duì)于規(guī)則數(shù)字子陣,可以利用在陣元上采用兩種不同形式的加權(quán)方法來(lái)達(dá)到對(duì)和差波束的旁瓣進(jìn)行同時(shí)抑制的效果,分別是用于降低和波束旁瓣的Taylor加權(quán)和用于降低差波束旁瓣的Bayliss加權(quán)。而針對(duì)共形面陣,也要整體考慮幅度加權(quán)的方法,但是由于共形陣列不再是均勻陣列,幅度加權(quán)時(shí)需要優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)達(dá)到低的副瓣,采用加權(quán)與目標(biāo)方位和俯仰無(wú)關(guān)的權(quán)矢量來(lái)降低復(fù)雜度,且要盡量減少信噪比(SNR)的損失。隨著雷達(dá)技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及現(xiàn)代海事戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)需求的持續(xù)增加,自適應(yīng)旁瓣對(duì)消技術(shù)已成為雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)至關(guān)重要的部分,它是信號(hào)處理技術(shù)與天線技術(shù)相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,已成為抑制陣列天線旁瓣干擾的有效方法,在雷達(dá)中的應(yīng)用也變得越來(lái)越廣泛。在有源干擾存在的情況下,通常人們采用能夠使得對(duì)消剩余輸出最小的準(zhǔn)則即最小均方準(zhǔn)則(LMS),自適應(yīng)地改變輔助天線的加權(quán)系數(shù),使得干擾信號(hào)的輸入功率達(dá)到最小,在方向圖上具體表現(xiàn)為:在干擾信號(hào)的接收方向上形成空間零點(diǎn),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)旁瓣干擾的抑制。自適應(yīng)陣列系統(tǒng)中,存在若干影響旁瓣對(duì)消系統(tǒng)性能的重要因素,諸如量化噪聲、通道噪聲、通道不一致性、目標(biāo)回波信號(hào)、干擾帶寬、天線之間的距離、不同的數(shù)字波束形成方法等。而對(duì)于輔助通道的選取,包括輔助天線的數(shù)目選擇,輔助天線的位置選擇等,更是影響旁瓣對(duì)消性能的關(guān)鍵因素。本文基于數(shù)字波束形成的理論研究,采用一種新的權(quán)值優(yōu)化方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)低副瓣的和差波束形成,并考慮單元方向圖因素的影響,分析有向陣元對(duì)形成折面陣的和差波束方向圖所造成的影響。另外基于自適應(yīng)旁瓣對(duì)消的理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)影響旁瓣干擾對(duì)消性能的幾個(gè)重要因素進(jìn)行仿真,包括干擾信號(hào)的帶寬、天線之間的距離、不同輔助天線個(gè)數(shù)以及天線機(jī)械掃描對(duì)旁瓣對(duì)消性能造成的影響,給出仿真結(jié)果,并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的分析。針對(duì)項(xiàng)目需求,對(duì)旁瓣對(duì)消系統(tǒng)的輔助通道的選取提出不同的方案設(shè)計(jì)及對(duì)應(yīng)的性能分析,建立仿真模型,根據(jù)性能分析結(jié)果優(yōu)化輔助通道的選取。最后結(jié)合方案設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)旁瓣對(duì)消系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)功能模塊進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹并結(jié)合其程序設(shè)計(jì)給出相應(yīng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)流程。
[Abstract]:In the future, the complex and changeable naval battle environment requires shipborne phased array radar to work adaptively under various conditions, so that the radar and the operational environment are always in the best matching state. In recent years, the application of digital beamforming and the development of real-time adaptive processing technology have improved the adaptive capability of shipborne phased array radar to a new level. Digital beamforming uses digital technology to realize instantaneous multi-beam, which can self-adaptively aim at zero to interference source, has strong adaptive processing ability, and can obtain super-resolution and ultra-low sidelobe performance. In radar system, how to improve the sidelobe of array pattern effectively has become a basic and critical problem. Two different weighting methods can be used to simultaneously suppress the sidelobe of the sum beam, I. E. Taylor weighting for reducing the sidelobe and Bayliss weighting for reducing the sidelobe of the differential beam. For conformal array, the amplitude weighting method should be considered as a whole, but because conformal array is no longer uniform array, it is necessary to optimize design to achieve low sidelobe when amplitude weighting. Weighted weight vectors independent of target azimuth and pitch are used to reduce complexity and SNR loss is minimized. With the development of radar technology and the increasing demand of modern maritime battlefield, adaptive sidelobe cancellation technology has become the most important part of radar system. It is the result of combining signal processing technology with antenna technology. It has become an effective method to suppress array antenna sidelobe interference, and has become more and more widely used in radar. In the presence of active jamming, the least mean square criterion, which can minimize the residual output of cancellation, is usually adopted to adaptively change the weighting coefficient of the auxiliary antenna, so that the input power of the interference signal is minimized. In the pattern, the spatial zero is formed in the direction of receiving the interference signal, which can suppress the sidelobe interference. In adaptive array systems, there are several important factors that affect the performance of sidelobe cancellation systems, such as quantization noise, channel inconsistency, target echo signals, interference bandwidth and the distance between antennas. Different digital beamforming methods and so on. The selection of auxiliary channels, including the number of auxiliary antennas and the position of auxiliary antennas, is a key factor affecting the performance of sidelobe cancellation. Based on the theoretical research of digital beamforming, a new weight optimization method is used to realize low sidelobe sum difference beamforming. The effect of directed array elements on the sum difference beam pattern of a folded plane array is analyzed. In addition, based on the theoretical basis of adaptive sidelobe cancellation, several important factors affecting the performance of sidelobe interference cancellation are simulated, including the bandwidth of interference signal, the distance between antennas, The effects of different number of auxiliary antennas and antenna mechanical scanning on the sidelobe cancellation performance are presented. The simulation results are given and the corresponding analysis is carried out. According to the requirements of the project, different scheme design and corresponding performance analysis are put forward for the selection of auxiliary channel of sidelobe cancellation system. The simulation model is established, and the selection of auxiliary channel is optimized according to the result of performance analysis. Finally, each function module of the sidelobe cancellation system is introduced in detail with the scheme design, and the corresponding realization flow is given in combination with the program design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.92

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：2011307