發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-06 10:52

  本文選題：礦井 + 無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)煤炭資源比較豐富,煤炭生產(chǎn)是我國(guó)能源生產(chǎn)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一,在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位十分重要。但我國(guó)煤礦地形復(fù)雜,生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化水平較低,安全監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)較差,礦難時(shí)有發(fā)生,使得煤炭生產(chǎn)安全形勢(shì)不容樂觀,嚴(yán)重影響煤炭行業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,因此,在礦井下建立穩(wěn)定高效的安全監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)是十分必要的。 隨著科技的快速發(fā)展,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)中,無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)作為其感知功能的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),通過(guò)分布式處理大量采集信息來(lái)提高監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的精確度及容錯(cuò)能力。無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的這一優(yōu)勢(shì)使之成為眾多國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者和機(jī)構(gòu)研究的重點(diǎn)。將無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用于礦井這種特殊環(huán)境下,構(gòu)建智能監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò),能及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的向地面?zhèn)魉透袦y(cè)到的信息,為安全生產(chǎn)提供了有力保障。 本文針對(duì)礦井下特殊的環(huán)境,對(duì)無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,主要包括無(wú)線傳感器封裝抗干擾技術(shù)、媒介訪問(wèn)控制協(xié)議、路由協(xié)議及定位技術(shù)等。 傳感器封裝是傳感器技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ),特殊材料的封裝可以有效的避免礦井下各種電磁波的干擾,提高信號(hào)的傳輸能力。本文研發(fā)了一種新型無(wú)線傳感器封裝材料一鋰鋅鐵氧體微管／鍍鎳碳纖維復(fù)合材料,這種材料能有效地吸收礦井環(huán)境中的電磁波干擾,提高通信質(zhì)量。 無(wú)線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)之間都是通過(guò)無(wú)線形式進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,通信過(guò)程中帶寬十分有限,因此需要設(shè)計(jì)一種性能優(yōu)越的MAC協(xié)議來(lái)避免沖突,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)信道的有效利用。本文結(jié)合MAC協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)的性能要求與礦井下無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特殊性,提出礦井下無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)MAC協(xié)議的設(shè)計(jì)原則,依據(jù)此原則設(shè)計(jì)了能夠有效解決沖突問(wèn)題,減小網(wǎng)絡(luò)延時(shí)的CC-MAC協(xié)議。 在礦井無(wú)線傳感器監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,路由協(xié)議作為關(guān)鍵技術(shù)承擔(dān)著重要的角色,好的路由協(xié)議可以很大程度上提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。本文提出了基于LEACH和CTP協(xié)議的改進(jìn)協(xié)議,主要適用于較大范圍組網(wǎng)及在長(zhǎng)直環(huán)境中單向傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的礦井環(huán)境中。通過(guò)改進(jìn)LEACH協(xié)議分簇及簇頭選取機(jī)制,提高了礦井下無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的穩(wěn)定性,延長(zhǎng)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期。針對(duì)經(jīng)典CTP協(xié)議負(fù)載不均衡的問(wèn)題,在選擇路由時(shí)考慮次優(yōu)路徑和子節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量等因素,設(shè)計(jì)了選路指標(biāo)V-EETX,提出無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)B-CTP路由協(xié)議,該協(xié)議負(fù)載均衡,可靠性高且具有能量高效的特點(diǎn)。 煤礦監(jiān)測(cè)環(huán)境較為惡劣,在定位過(guò)程中,信號(hào)干擾對(duì)于未知節(jié)點(diǎn)與已知節(jié)點(diǎn)之間測(cè)得的距離會(huì)帶來(lái)較大誤差。因此為了達(dá)到高精度定位,在用三邊測(cè)距算法的過(guò)程中需要將這些誤差降到最小。本文根據(jù)礦井監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn)提出一種改進(jìn)的三邊測(cè)距定位算法,定位過(guò)程中選取滿足cond(A)最小的三個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)作為信標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn),通過(guò)選取的信標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)來(lái)計(jì)算未知節(jié)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo),從而減小信標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)誤差所帶來(lái)的影響。
[Abstract]:China is rich in coal resources, coal production is one of the pillar industries of energy production in China, and plays an important role in the national economy. However, the complex topography of coal mines, low level of production automation, poor safety monitoring system and frequent mine accidents make the coal production safety situation not optimistic and seriously affect the sustainable development of the coal industry and the stability of the society. It is necessary to establish a stable and efficient safety monitoring network under the mine. With the rapid development of science and technology, the Internet of things technology has been widely used. In the Internet of things (IoT) industry, wireless sensor network (WSN), as the key technology of its sensing function, can improve the accuracy and fault tolerance of the monitoring system through distributed processing of a large amount of information. This advantage of wireless sensor networks makes it the focus of many scholars and institutions at home and abroad. The application of wireless sensor network in mine is a special environment to construct an intelligent monitoring network, which can timely and accurately transmit sensing information to the ground, which provides a strong guarantee for the safety of production. In this paper, some key technologies in wireless sensor network are studied, including wireless sensor encapsulation and anti-jamming technology, media access control protocol, routing protocol and positioning technology. Sensor packaging is the basis of sensor technology. The packaging of special materials can effectively avoid the interference of various electromagnetic waves under the mine and improve the transmission ability of signals. In this paper, a new wireless sensor packaging material, lithium zinc ferrite microtubules / nickel-coated carbon fiber composites, is developed. This material can effectively absorb the electromagnetic wave interference in the mine environment and improve the communication quality. Wireless sensor nodes transmit data in wireless form and the bandwidth is very limited. So it is necessary to design a superior MAC protocol to avoid conflicts so as to realize the effective utilization of the channel. According to the performance requirement of MAC protocol design and the particularity of wireless sensor network under mine, this paper puts forward the design principle of MAC protocol under mine wireless sensor network, according to this principle, it can effectively solve the conflict problem. CC-MAC protocol to reduce network delay. As a key technology, routing protocol plays an important role in mine wireless sensor monitoring network, and a good routing protocol can greatly improve the network performance. In this paper, an improved protocol based on LEACH and CTP protocols is proposed, which is mainly suitable for the mine environment where the network is set up in a large area and the data is transmitted unidirectionally in the long and straight environment. By improving the LEACH protocol clustering and cluster head selection mechanism, the stability of the wireless sensor network under the mine is improved and the lifetime of the network is extended. Aiming at the problem of load imbalance in classical CTP protocol, considering the factors of sub-optimal path and number of sub-nodes in routing, the routing index V-EETX is designed, and a B-CTP routing protocol for wireless sensor networks is proposed, which is load balanced. High reliability and high energy efficiency. The monitoring environment of coal mine is relatively bad. In the process of location, the signal interference will bring great error to the distance between the unknown node and the known node. Therefore, in order to achieve high precision positioning, we need to minimize these errors in the process of using trilateral ranging algorithm. According to the characteristics of mine monitoring network, an improved trilateral location algorithm is proposed in this paper. In the process of location, three nodes satisfying Condor A) are selected as beacon nodes, and the coordinates of unknown nodes are calculated by the selected beacon nodes. In order to reduce the beacon node coordinate error caused by the impact.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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