本文選題：飛機(jī) + 能量采集��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：利用分布式無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)對飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)在線監(jiān)測具有十分重要的意義。通常這些無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)采用干電池供電,但由于節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量多、分布廣且干電池能量有限,而采用機(jī)載電源供電將導(dǎo)致布線變得復(fù)雜,既不現(xiàn)實(shí)也不經(jīng)濟(jì)。因此解決這些無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的供電問題顯得格外重要。本文首先闡述了在飛機(jī)上利用具備能量收集功能的自供電傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)監(jiān)測的必要性以及復(fù)合能量收集技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并調(diào)研了飛機(jī)飛行時(shí)的溫度環(huán)境和振動環(huán)境特點(diǎn),為能量收集傳感器的設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。本文在研究了已有的振動能與溫差能收集技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種可同時(shí)收集熱能與振動能的復(fù)合能量收集傳感器。其中,針對溫差能收集提出了熱電發(fā)電器(Thermoelectric Generator,TEG)能量收集模塊的自適應(yīng)阻抗匹配方案,該方案采用基于PID控制算法的脈寬調(diào)制(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了源端與負(fù)載的自適應(yīng)阻抗匹配,從而獲得了最大輸出功率;而針對振動能收集則采用了高精確開關(guān)控制的同步電荷提取技術(shù)(Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction,SECE)對壓電能量收集模塊進(jìn)行了高效電荷提取。除此之外,針對系統(tǒng)啟動時(shí)微控制器處于掉電狀態(tài)而無法進(jìn)行高效收集的情況,提出了一種電壓啟動電路,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)掉電模式與上電模式的切換。最后,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)分別驗(yàn)證了每個(gè)模塊的功能,并制作了樣機(jī)進(jìn)行性能測試,結(jié)果表明本文提出的方案可以有效地提高能量收集的效率和輸出的電功率,具有很大的可行性。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to use distributed wireless sensor nodes for real-time online monitoring of aircraft structural parameters. Usually, these wireless sensor nodes are powered by dry batteries, but because of the number of nodes, wide distribution and limited battery energy, the use of airborne power supply will lead to complex wiring, both unrealistic and unrealistic. Therefore, it is very important to solve the power supply problem of these wireless sensor nodes. Firstly, this paper expounds the necessity of using the self power supply sensor node with energy collection function to monitor the structure parameters on aircraft and the development status of the composite energy collection technology at home and abroad, and investigates the temperature of aircraft flying. The environment and vibration environment features provide the basis for the design of energy collecting sensors. On the basis of the study of the existing techniques for collecting vibration energy and temperature difference energy, a composite energy collection sensor which can collect both heat and vibration energy simultaneously is proposed. In this paper, a thermoelectric generator (Thermoelectric Gener) is proposed for the collection of thermoelectric energy. Ator, TEG) the adaptive impedance matching scheme of the energy collection module. The scheme uses the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technology based on PID control algorithm (PWM) to achieve the adaptive impedance matching between the source and the load, thus obtaining the maximum output power, while the synchronous charge controlled by high precision switch is adopted for the collection of the vibration energy. Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction (SECE) is an efficient charge extraction for the piezoelectric energy collection module. In addition, a voltage starting circuit is proposed to switch off the power off mode and the power mode. After the experiment, the function of each module is verified and the performance test of the prototype is made. The results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the efficiency of energy collection and the output power. It has great feasibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：V242;TP212.9;TN929.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1977378