發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-03 17:21

  本文選題：高頻地波雷達(dá) + 海流　； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：高頻地波雷達(dá)是近40年來發(fā)展起來的可以監(jiān)測海洋表面動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的海洋遙感設(shè)備。其利用海洋表面對高頻電磁波的一階散射和二階散射機(jī)制,可以從雷達(dá)回波中提取流場、風(fēng)場、浪場等海洋動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)信息,實(shí)現(xiàn)對海洋環(huán)境大范圍、高精度和全天候的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測,是對現(xiàn)有海洋遙感設(shè)備和遙感手段的必要補(bǔ)充,被認(rèn)為是專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)內(nèi)最廉價(jià)有效的海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測手段之一。高頻地波雷達(dá)觀測得到的海流是一定深度的海洋表面的平均海流,經(jīng)過無數(shù)次海上對比驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)證明了高頻地波雷達(dá)海流觀測結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性,目前高頻地波雷達(dá)海流觀測已達(dá)到業(yè)務(wù)化運(yùn)行水平并在國家各個(gè)職能部門中可能發(fā)揮重要的作用。 國內(nèi)用于海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測的高頻地波雷達(dá)研究開始于1987年。武漢大學(xué)在“九五”、“十五”和“十一五”國家863計(jì)劃的支持下,研制出了成熟的OSMAR(Ocean State Monitoring and Analyzing Radar)系列高頻地波雷達(dá)產(chǎn)品。本文在國家十二五“863計(jì)劃”海洋領(lǐng)域重大課題“分布式高頻超視距雷達(dá)探測與組網(wǎng)技術(shù)研究”的支持下,利用布設(shè)在浙江舟山海域及福建臺灣海峽西南海域的高頻地波雷達(dá)OSMAR觀測得到的海流結(jié)果進(jìn)行相關(guān)研究。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 1)通過對分布于浙江舟山群島的朱家尖和嵊山兩個(gè)高頻地波雷達(dá)站在2005年8月對比驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)期間觀測得到的海流數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)調(diào)和分析,首次給出了基于全覆蓋觀測的舟山外海的表層潮流的空間分布特性。分析結(jié)果表明：舟山外海的潮流屬于正規(guī)半日潮,且淺水分潮的影響比較大。潮流運(yùn)動(dòng)形式以往復(fù)流為主。最大可能流速分布從東北方向致西南方向逐漸減弱。實(shí)驗(yàn)期間近海岸的余流比遠(yuǎn)海岸的大,方向基本都是北偏東,并且隨著距離的增加其北偏東的角度逐漸增大,呈右旋趨勢。水深的分布對淺水分潮的影響分布、潮流運(yùn)動(dòng)形式分布、最大可能流速分布,余流分布等都有一定的影響 2)通過對福建省東山和龍海高頻地波雷達(dá)站觀測得到3天的矢量海流進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)調(diào)和分析,研究了臺灣海峽西南海域表面潮流空間分布特性。分析結(jié)果表明：該海域潮流性質(zhì)以正規(guī)半日潮流為主。分潮的潮流橢圓受兩只潮波的共同影響,潮流橢圓的主軸方向和海岸線平行。最大可能流速從東北向西南逐漸增大并和實(shí)測最大海流的趨勢基本一致。余流受臺灣海峽暖流的影響主要指向東北方向。地形對潮流的空間分布也有很大的影響。 3)利用調(diào)和分析方法對2個(gè)月的高頻地波雷達(dá)海流結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析,給出福建臺灣海峽西南海域的潮流的空時(shí)分布特性,給出了單點(diǎn)海流序列的調(diào)和分析結(jié)果,同時(shí)分析了M2分潮潮流橢圓、最大流速以及余流的空間分布特征。分析結(jié)果表明：該海域潮流性質(zhì)以正規(guī)半日潮流為主,M2分潮潮流橢圓在靠近海岸線的潮流橢圓走向呈NE-SW,和臺灣海峽的軸線基本一致。遠(yuǎn)離海岸線的潮流橢圓的走向慢慢向N-S轉(zhuǎn)變,潮流運(yùn)動(dòng)形式以往復(fù)流為主。最大流速分布受強(qiáng)烈的東北季風(fēng)影響,其變化范圍較大,特別是在臺灣淺灘,最大流速達(dá)到了150cm/s。余流也受東北季風(fēng)影響較大,其方向基本指向西南方向。 4)分析了獅子山臺風(fēng)期間表層海流對臺風(fēng)的響應(yīng)過程。分析結(jié)果表明：獅子山臺風(fēng)使得高頻地波雷達(dá)回波多普勒譜的一階峰明顯展寬,并且一階峰展寬的振蕩周期由半日潮周期逐漸變?yōu)槿粘敝芷�。�?距離元的回波信噪比增幅約為2-10dB。觀測海域的南部及東北部的最大流速增幅達(dá)100cm/s,且關(guān)于獅子山臺風(fēng)路徑近乎對稱。臺風(fēng)路徑右邊的增幅要略大于左邊的增幅。臺風(fēng)期間觀測海域的流場的旋度和散度值都有大幅度增加,其最大值增幅幾乎翻倍。臺風(fēng)過后,散度和旋度的值比臺風(fēng)來臨前的要低很多,臺風(fēng)過后2.5天后逐步恢復(fù)到正常水平。 5)利用布設(shè)在高頻地波雷達(dá)福建示范區(qū)的東山、龍海兩個(gè)雷達(dá)站的約3天的海流數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行矢量正交經(jīng)驗(yàn)函數(shù)分析。分析結(jié)果表明前三個(gè)模態(tài)的方差貢獻(xiàn)率分別為91%、4%和1.4%,累計(jì)方差貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到了96%,為主要模態(tài)。模態(tài)1的空時(shí)分布特性表明模態(tài)1主要反映了半日潮流的信息并且在一定程度上反映了水深分布的信息；模態(tài)2的空時(shí)分布特性表明模態(tài)2主要反映了風(fēng)生流以及流場旋轉(zhuǎn)特性的信息；模態(tài)3的空時(shí)分布特性表明模態(tài)3主要反映了上升流的信息。 6)對獅子山臺風(fēng)期間的數(shù)據(jù)(2010年8月30日-2014年9月4日)進(jìn)行ComplexEOF分析,分析結(jié)果表明前三個(gè)模態(tài)的方差貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到了89.51%,是主要模態(tài)。模態(tài)1的方差貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到了81.01%,主要反映了臺風(fēng)期間的潮流的信息。模態(tài)2的方差貢獻(xiàn)率為6.27%,主要反映了流場的散度信息。模態(tài)3的方差貢獻(xiàn)率為2.22%,主要反映了流場的旋度信息。
[Abstract]:High frequency ground wave radar (HF ground wave radar) is a marine remote sensing equipment which has been developed to monitor the dynamic parameters of ocean surface in the past 40 years. By using the first order scattering and two order scattering mechanism of the high frequency electromagnetic wave on the ocean surface, it can extract the flow field, the wind field, the wave field and so on from the radar echo, so as to achieve a large range of ocean environment. The real-time monitoring of precision and all-weather is a necessary supplement to the existing marine remote sensing equipment and remote sensing means. It is considered to be one of the cheapest and effective marine environmental monitoring means in the exclusive economic zone. The ocean current observed by high frequency ground wave radar is a flat average current of a certain depth of the ocean surface. The accuracy of the observation results of the high frequency ground wave radar has been proved. The current high frequency ground wave radar current observation has reached the operational level and may play an important role in the various functional departments of the country.
The study of high frequency ground wave radar used for monitoring marine environment began in 1987. Under the support of "95", "fifteen" and "11th Five-Year" National 863 program, the Wuhan University developed a mature OSMAR (Ocean State Monitoring and Analyzing Radar) series high frequency ground wave radar product. This article in 12th Five-Year "863 Plan" With the support of "Research on the distributed high frequency over the horizon radar detection and networking technology" in the marine field, the results of the OSMAR observed by the high frequency ground wave radar (HF) radar OSMAR, which are set up in the Zhoushan sea area of Zhejiang and the southwest sea of Taiwan Strait in Fujian, are studied. The main contents are as follows:
1) through the quasi harmonic analysis of the sea current data obtained during the comparison and verification of the two high frequency ground wave radar stations distributed in the Zhujiajian of Zhoushan archipelago in Zhejiang and Shengshan in August 2005, the spatial distribution characteristics of the surface tidal currents in the outer sea of Zhoushan based on full coverage observation are given for the first time. The results of the analysis show that the outer sea of Zhoushan is in the outer sea. Tidal currents belong to the regular semidiurnal tide, and the influence of the shallow water tide is larger. The form of the tidal current movement is dominated by the previous reflow. The maximum possible velocity distribution is gradually weakened from the northeast direction. The residual current in the near shore is larger than the far coast during the experimental period, and the direction is basically north to the East, and with the increase of the distance from the north to the East, the direction is gradually increasing. The distribution of water depth affects the distribution of shallow water tide, the distribution of tidal current, the distribution of maximum possible velocity, the distribution of residual current and so on.
2) through the quasi harmonic analysis of the 3 day vector sea currents observed in the Dongshan and Longhai high frequency ground wave radar stations in Fujian Province, the spatial distribution characteristics of the surface tidal currents in the southwestern sea area of the Taiwan Strait are studied. The analysis results show that the characteristics of the tidal current in this sea area are dominated by the regular semidiurnal tidal current. The main axis of the flow ellipse is parallel to the coastline. The maximum possible velocity increases gradually from the northeast to the southwest and is basically consistent with the trend of the measured maximum current. The residual current is mainly in the northeast direction influenced by the Taiwan Strait warm current. The topography also has a great influence on the spatial distribution of the tidal current.
3) the harmonic analysis method is used to analyze the results of the high frequency ground wave radar current of 2 months. The space-time distribution characteristics of the tidal current in the southwestern sea area of Fujian Taiwan Strait are given. The harmonic analysis results of the single point current sequence are given, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the M2 tidal current ellipse, the maximum flow velocity and the residual current are analyzed. The trend of the tidal current in this area is dominated by the regular semidiurnal tide, and the M2 tidal current ellipse is NE-SW in the direction of the tidal current ellipse near the coastline, which is basically the same as the axis of the Taiwan Strait. The trend of the tidal current ellipse far away from the coast line is slowly changing to the N-S, and the form of the tidal movement is dominated by the previous reflux. The maximum velocity distribution is subject to the strong northeast monsoon. It has a larger change range, especially in Taiwan shoals. The maximum flow rate reaches 150cm/s. residual current, which is also influenced by the northeastern monsoon, and its direction is basically directed to the southwest.
4) the analysis of the response process of the surface sea current to the typhoon during the typhoon of the lion mountain shows that the first order peak of the Doppler spectrum of the high frequency ground wave radar echo is obviously broadened by the lion mountain typhoon, and the oscillation period of the first order peak broadens from the semidiurnal tide period to the whole daily tide period. The signal to noise ratio of the echo of the eighth distance element is about 2- The maximum velocity of flow in the South and northeast of the 10dB. observational sea area is up to 100cm/s, and the typhoon path of the lion mountain is almost symmetrical. The increase of the typhoon track on the right is slightly greater than that on the left side. The rotation and divergence of the flow field in the observed sea area during the typhoon are all greatly increased, and the maximum increase is almost doubled. The value of curl is much lower than that before typhoons. After 2.5 days, the typhoon gradually returns to its normal level.
5) the vector orthogonal empirical function analysis is used to analyze the current data of the two radar stations in the east mountain of the Fujian demonstration area of the high frequency ground wave radar and the two radar stations in the Fujian demonstration area. The analysis results show that the variance contribution rate of the first three modes is 91%, 4% and 1.4% respectively, and the cumulative variance contribution rate is 96%, which is the main mode. The space time distribution characteristic table of modal 1 The Ming mode 1 mainly reflects the information of the half day flow and reflects the information of the depth distribution to a certain extent. The space time distribution characteristics of modal 2 show that the mode 2 mainly reflects the information of the wind flow and the rotational characteristics of the flow field; the mode 3's space time distribution characteristic indicates that the mode 3 mainly reflects the information of the upwelling.
6) the data of the lion mountain typhoon period (August 30, 2010 -2014 September 4th) were analyzed by ComplexEOF. The analysis results showed that the variance contribution rate of the first three modes reached 89.51%, and the main mode was the variance contribution rate of modal 1, which mainly reflected the information of the tidal current during the typhoon. The variance contribution rate of modal 2 was 6.27%. The variance contribution rate of modal 3 is 2.22%, which mainly reflects the curl information of the flow field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958.93

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7 黃曉靜;多頻高頻地波雷達(dá)目標(biāo)檢測與跟蹤技術(shù)研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2010年

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 趙彩鳳;高頻地波雷達(dá)海上目標(biāo)航跡探測算法研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué);2015年

2 張潤彬;高頻地波雷達(dá)復(fù)雜背景雜波信息提取[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

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7 劉玉鑫;高頻地波雷達(dá)海面風(fēng)場反演研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

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10 常維國;基于極化信息的高頻地波雷達(dá)TBD算法[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

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