本文選題：方向回溯陣列 + 相位共軛　； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于移動通信系統(tǒng)的高速發(fā)展,對于高增益、低成本、同時具有良好自動波束跟蹤能力的新型天線的需求與日俱增。方向回溯陣列可以自動、快速的向來波方向發(fā)射一個響應(yīng)信號,該過程完全由模擬電路實現(xiàn),不需要來波信號的方位信息,也不需要依靠昂貴的移相器、T/R組件以及復(fù)雜的數(shù)字信號處理。方向回溯陣列結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、緊湊,成本低,具有很高的鏈路增益以及高速波束跟蹤能力,獨特的特點和優(yōu)越的性能使得方向回溯陣列在現(xiàn)代軍用和民用移動通信系統(tǒng)中具有獨特優(yōu)勢,其在微波毫米波系統(tǒng)中具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。然而,目前已知的方向回溯陣列都是在入射波極化形式已知的情況下設(shè)計的,并且天線極化形式大多為線極化。因此,在未知入射波極化形式以及復(fù)雜的通信環(huán)境中,收發(fā)信號之間總會出現(xiàn)不同程度的極化失配,影響方向回溯陣的性能,降低通信質(zhì)量。另外,對于高要求的雷達與通信衛(wèi)星,往往需要全角度的掃描覆蓋范圍,而目前大多數(shù)方向回溯系統(tǒng)集中在線性、平面陣列的研究,其波束掃描范圍都很小,回溯角度具有一定的局限性。這些問題制約了方向回溯陣列的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用。本文在總結(jié)了方向回溯陣列國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,從基本概念出發(fā),對比、分析了方向回溯陣列的幾種實現(xiàn)方式,系統(tǒng)分析了目前國內(nèi)外已出現(xiàn)的方向回溯陣列以及設(shè)計中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。從理論上分析了相關(guān)參數(shù)對整個系統(tǒng)的波束指向誤差的影響,為系統(tǒng)設(shè)計奠定了一定的理論依據(jù)。為了減小方向回溯陣列與目標之間的極化失配損耗,提高信號的傳輸效率,本文設(shè)計了一種可以實現(xiàn)任意極化的方向回溯陣列,它可以接收任意極化的來波信號,并通過相位共軛電路自動轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)一個與入射信號極化正交的回溯信號,使系統(tǒng)具有較高的收發(fā)隔離度,并提供了一個更加安全、穩(wěn)定的通信鏈路。為了擴大方向回溯陣列的掃描角度范圍,本文采用圓柱共形技術(shù)設(shè)計了一種360°全向掃描的新型方向回溯系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)收發(fā)天線獨立,論文詳細分析了天線單元數(shù)量、間距以及弧形金屬板半徑對共形陣列性能的影響。最后結(jié)合采用單次混頻方式的相位共軛電路實現(xiàn)了全向掃描回溯功能。另外,論文提出了一種可應(yīng)用于寬帶方向回溯陣列的天線單元,擴展了方向回溯陣列的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Due to the rapid development of mobile communication systems, the demand for new antennas with high gain, low cost and good automatic beam tracking capability is increasing. The direction backtracking array can automatically and quickly transmit a response signal in the direction of the incoming wave. This process is fully realized by analog circuits and does not require the azimuth information of the signal. There is no need to rely on expensive phase shifters, T/R components and complex digital signal processing. The direction backtracking array has a simple, compact, low cost, high link gain and high speed beam tracking capability. The unique features and superior performance make the direction backtracking array unique in modern military and civil mobile communication systems. Especially, it has a wide range of applications in microwave millimeter wave systems. However, the current known direction backtracking arrays are designed in the case of known incident wave polarization, and the polarization forms of the antenna are mostly linear polarization. Therefore, in the unknown incident wave polarization and complex communication environment, the total number of signals is received and received. There will be different degrees of polarization mismatch, which will affect the performance of the direction backtracking array and reduce the communication quality. In addition, for high required radar and communication satellites, the full angle scanning coverage is often needed. At present, most direction backtracking systems are concentrated in the linear, plane array research, the beam scanning range is very small, backtracking angle is very small. There are some limitations. These problems restrict the development and application of direction backtracking array. On the basis of summarizing the development status of direction backtracking array at home and abroad, this paper analyzes several ways of realizing direction backtracking array from basic concepts, contrasts and analyses the direction backtracking array which has appeared at home and abroad, and sets up the direction backtracking array. In order to reduce the polarization mismatch loss between the backtracking array and the target, and improve the transmission efficiency of the signal, this paper designs a kind of direction back for arbitrary polarization. It can receive arbitrary polarization of the signal, and transmit a backtracking signal that is orthogonal to the incident signal through the phase conjugate circuit, so that the system has a higher transmission isolation and a more secure and stable communication link. In order to enlarge the scanning angle range of the direction backtracking array, this paper uses the scanning angle range. A new directional backtracking system with 360 degree omnidirectional scanning is designed by cylindrical conformal technique. The system receives and receives antennas independently. In this paper, the influence of the number, spacing and radius of the antenna on the performance of the conformal array is analyzed in detail. Finally, the omnidirectional scan work is realized with the phase conjugate circuit using the single frequency mixing mode. In addition, an antenna unit which can be applied to wideband directional backtracking array is proposed, which extends the application of the direction backtracking array.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 郭勝剛;阮成禮;;方向回溯天線發(fā)展綜述[A];2005年海峽兩岸三地?zé)o線科技學(xué)術(shù)會論文集[C];2005年

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本文編號：1955973