本文選題：頻譜聚合 + 多天線�。� 參考：《浙江大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：離散譜系統(tǒng)由頻域上一系列間隔的空閑譜段構成,利用頻譜聚合技術,結合合適的預編碼,非授權用戶可以靈活地占用授權用戶未使用的空閑頻段,從而有效地提高實際頻譜利用效率。多天線(MIMO, Multiple Input Multiple Output)技術開辟了除時間、頻率之外的空間自由度,可以有效提高頻譜資源效率,獲得的分集增益、復用增益、陣列增益有效地提高了數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸速率和信號的可靠性。當天線數(shù)進一步增加,形成大規(guī)模天線(Massive MIMO)陣列時,相比傳統(tǒng)的MIMO系統(tǒng),僅利用線性接收機就可以達到可達速率的性能上界。頻譜聚合、MIMO和Massive MIMO都極大提高了頻譜效率,成為未來第五代無線通信的物理層技術基礎。 類似于MIMO系統(tǒng),離散譜系統(tǒng)在頻域上具有多個自由度,存在分集-復用折中(DMT, Diversity and Multiplexing Tradeoff)問題,因此MIMO系統(tǒng)中DMT的分析方法可以用來獲取其DMT性能。相比中低速運動,高速移動下無線信道發(fā)生很大變化,而MIMO系統(tǒng)除分集、復用增益之外還可獲得陣列增益,這在高速列車通信系統(tǒng)的切換中得到極大應用。當MIMO中天線數(shù)進一步增加,成為Massive MIMO系統(tǒng)時,線性接收機就可以達到可達速率的性能上界。本文圍繞無線通信系統(tǒng)中的這三個問題,基于MIMO相關技術和數(shù)學分析方法,進行了創(chuàng)新性的探索,得到了有限信噪比下離散譜系統(tǒng)的DMT性能；創(chuàng)新性地利用多天線中繼的波束成形實現(xiàn)了高速列車通信系統(tǒng)的軟切換；分析了一種線性接收機,匹配濾波(MF, Matched Filter)接收機,在分布式Massive MIMO系統(tǒng)中的性能。 首先研究了無線通信中離散譜聚合系統(tǒng)的DMT性能。離散譜系統(tǒng)在頻域上呈現(xiàn)為一系列獨立衰落的子頻帶,存在頻域的DMT問題。不同于MIMO系統(tǒng),離散譜系統(tǒng)各子頻帶具有不同的帶寬以及不同的功率限制。在總功率受限情況下提出了最大化系統(tǒng)遍歷容量的功率分配策略,進一步分析了子頻帶分別在獨立編碼和聯(lián)合編碼,有限信噪比以及無限信噪比下的DMT性能,分析結果顯示聯(lián)合編碼相比獨立編碼,在相同的復用增益下,分集增益得到顯著提升。子頻帶的帶寬分布、有限信噪比下各子頻帶的功率限制帶來的對DMT的影響也得到了分析,結果顯示在相同復用增益下,某一子頻帶過低的功率限制會降低系統(tǒng)的分集增益。 其次研究了無線通信中基于多天線波束成形的移動切換策略及其性能。MIMO系統(tǒng)除了能夠獲得分集、復用增益之外,還能夠獲得陣列增益,這在高速移動的列車通信系統(tǒng)的切換中得到極大應用。高速移動會帶來嚴重的多普勒干擾、信道估計誤差和頻繁的硬切換,而多天線中繼在高速移動環(huán)境下可以無需復雜的信道測量,只利用主徑信號做波束成形即可獲得陣列增益。提出了兩種基于位置信息的波束成形方法,統(tǒng)計最優(yōu)波束成形和錐形濾波,并分別分析了其優(yōu)缺點。隨著列車的移動,在一定目標函數(shù)的約束下,分配給服務基站鏈路的功率逐漸降低而分配給目標基站鏈路的功率逐漸增高,直至功率完全分配給目標基站鏈路,最終完成軟切換過程,避免了高速移動下快衰落信道的信道測量誤差以及頻繁的硬切換帶來的高掉話率。由于列車在極短的時間內運動基本符合線性,本系統(tǒng)中用到的一些參數(shù)也符合線性更新原則,這就使得本方案在實際場景中非常實用和高效。 最后研究了無線通信中分布式Massive MIMO系統(tǒng)中MF接收機的性能。當MIMO系統(tǒng)中天線數(shù)進一步增大,直至無窮大時,形成Massive MIMO,最大可達速率以及相比傳統(tǒng)MIMO系統(tǒng)達到相同可達速率付出的代價會發(fā)生重大變化。這里分析了最簡單的接收機,MF接收機。分析結果顯示,當基站裝備有分布式Massive MIMO時,相比集中式的情況,噪聲和導頻污染表現(xiàn)相同,而多用戶干擾會表現(xiàn)出不同的特性,和天線的位置分布有關。由于地理空間的限制,實際場景中,分布式天線不會特別多,這又導致和集中式Massive MIMO類似的性能,且受離用戶最近的天線影響最大。最后分析了幾種典型的不同地理空間分布下MF接收機的性能。
[Abstract]:The discrete spectral system is composed of a series of free spectrum segments in the frequency domain. Using the spectrum aggregation technology and the appropriate precoding, the unauthorized users can flexibly occupy the unused free frequency bands of the authorized users, thus effectively improve the actual spectrum utilization efficiency. The MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology has opened up the exception. Space freedom outside time and frequency can effectively improve the efficiency of spectrum resources, gain diversity gain, multiplex gain, and array gain effectively improve the transmission rate of data and the reliability of the signal. When the number of antennas is further increased, the Massive MIMO array is formed, compared with the traditional MIMO system, only linearity is used. The receiver can reach the upper bound of the performance of the reachable rate. Spectrum aggregation, MIMO and Massive MIMO all greatly improve the spectrum efficiency and become the physical layer technology base of the future fifth generation wireless communication.
Similar to the MIMO system, the discrete spectral system has multiple degrees of freedom in the frequency domain, and there is a diversity multiplex compromise (DMT, Diversity and Multiplexing Tradeoff) problem. Therefore, the DMT analysis method in the MIMO system can be used to obtain its DMT performance. Compared to the low and medium speed movement, the wireless channel changes greatly under the high speed movement, and the MIMO system is divided. In addition to the multiplex gain, the array gain can be obtained, which is greatly applied to the switching of the high-speed train communication system. When the number of antennas is further increased in the MIMO, the Massive MIMO system can reach the upper limit of the performance of the reachable rate. This paper is based on the three problems in the wireless communication system, based on the MIMO correlation. The technical and mathematical analysis methods have made an innovative exploration. The DMT performance of the discrete spectral system under the finite signal to noise ratio is obtained. The soft switching of the high-speed train communication system is realized by using the beamforming of multi antenna relay. A linear receiver, a matched filter (MF, Matched Filter) receiver and a distributed Massi are analyzed. Performance in the ve MIMO system.
The DMT performance of the discrete spectral aggregation system in wireless communication is first studied. The discrete spectral system is presented as a series of independent fading subbands in the frequency domain, and there is a DMT problem in the frequency domain. Different from the MIMO system, the subbands of the discrete spectral system have different bandwidth and different power limits. The maximum power is limited, and the maximum power is limited. The power allocation strategy of ergodic capacity is used to further analyze the DMT performance of subbands in independent coding and joint coding, finite signal to noise ratio and infinite signal to noise ratio. The analysis results show that the joint coding is independently coded, and the diversity gain is significantly improved under the same multiplexing gain. The bandwidth distribution of the subband is limited. The effect of the power constraints on the subbands in the signal to noise ratio is also analyzed. The results show that under the same multiplexing gain, the low power limit of a certain subband reduces the diversity gain of the DMT.
Secondly, the mobile switching strategy based on multi antenna beamforming in wireless communication and its performance.MIMO system can obtain array gain besides diversity and multiplexing gain, which can be greatly applied in the handover of high-speed mobile train communication system. High speed movement will bring serious Doppler interference and channel estimation. There are two kinds of beamforming methods based on position information, which are optimal beamforming and conical filtering, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed respectively. With the movement of the train, the power of the link allocated to the service base station is gradually reduced and the power allocated to the target base station link is gradually increased, until the power is allocated to the target base station link, and the soft handover process is completed, and the channel measurement error and the frequency of the fast moving fast fading channel are avoided and frequent. The high drop rate is brought by the hard handover. Because the train is basically in line with the linear motion in a very short time, some of the parameters used in this system also conform to the linear updating principle, which makes the scheme very practical and efficient in the actual scene.
Finally, the performance of MF receiver in the distributed Massive MIMO system in wireless communication is studied. When the number of antennas in the MIMO system is further increased to infinity, the formation of Massive MIMO, the maximum reachable rate and the cost of the same achievable rate of the traditional MIMO system will change greatly. The analysis results show that when the base station is equipped with distributed Massive MIMO, the noise and pilot pollution performance is the same compared to the centralized condition, and the multi user interference will show different characteristics and the location distribution of the antenna. Because of the geographical limitation, the distributed antenna will not be particularly much in the actual scene, this is the same. It results in a similar performance to the centralized Massive MIMO and is most affected by the nearest antenna to the user. Finally, the performance of several typical MF receivers in different geographic distributions is analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN92

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