本文選題：FPGA + 光子計(jì)數(shù)　； 參考：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)大氣中的氣溶膠、云、霧等的探測(cè)和分析對(duì)于研究大氣環(huán)境和氣象監(jiān)測(cè)有著十分重要的意義。微脈沖激光雷達(dá)的出現(xiàn)為探測(cè)和研究大氣環(huán)境提供了一種便捷有效的手段。通過接收激光射入大氣中之后散射的回波信號(hào)，經(jīng)過數(shù)據(jù)處理和分析，可以得到豐富的大氣狀態(tài)信息和物理參數(shù)。本系統(tǒng)基于FPGA設(shè)計(jì)了光子計(jì)數(shù)模塊用于微脈沖激光雷達(dá)的數(shù)據(jù)采集，同時(shí)為了方便對(duì)微脈沖激光雷達(dá)的控制并檢測(cè)其工作狀態(tài)，設(shè)計(jì)了AD采集模塊和DA輸出模塊。 本論文主要包括以下幾個(gè)部分： 1、微脈沖激光雷達(dá)的應(yīng)用背景和研究現(xiàn)狀。此部分在闡述了該領(lǐng)域的研究背景之后，提出了本論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容和實(shí)現(xiàn)方案。 2、系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)。該部分主要包括光子計(jì)數(shù)模塊、DA輸出模塊和AD采集模塊三部分，其中光子計(jì)數(shù)模塊是本設(shè)計(jì)的核心部分。光子計(jì)數(shù)模塊用于對(duì)微脈沖激光雷達(dá)的激光脈沖回波信號(hào)進(jìn)行光子計(jì)數(shù)，并利用光子個(gè)數(shù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)特性對(duì)計(jì)數(shù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了累加，從而提高了測(cè)量結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。 3、系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。主要講述了Nios II嵌入式軟核處理器的應(yīng)用，著重介紹了光子計(jì)數(shù)、DA輸出和AD采集三大模塊的各自的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。最后整合了系統(tǒng)的總體軟件設(shè)計(jì)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)由Nios II處理器進(jìn)行工作流程的控制，并通過串口接收上位機(jī)命令執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的操作。 4、系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試和應(yīng)用。分別介紹了各個(gè)模塊的測(cè)試和系統(tǒng)的總體測(cè)試，并闡述了該系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用效果。
[Abstract]:The detection and analysis of aerosols, clouds and fogs in the atmosphere are of great significance for the study of atmospheric environment and meteorological monitoring. The appearance of micropulse lidar provides a convenient and effective method for detecting and studying atmospheric environment. The state information and physical parameters of the atmosphere can be obtained by receiving the echo signal which is scattered after the laser is injected into the atmosphere through data processing and analysis. In this system, the photon counting module is designed based on FPGA for the data acquisition of micro-pulse laser radar. In order to control the micro-pulse laser radar and detect its working state, AD acquisition module and DA output module are designed. This thesis mainly includes the following parts: 1. The application background and research status of micro pulse lidar. After expatiating the research background of this field, this part puts forward the research content and realization plan of this paper. 2. Hardware design of the system. This part mainly includes the photon counting module DA output module and AD acquisition module, and the photon counting module is the core part of this design. The photon counting module is used to count the laser pulse echo signal of the micro-pulse laser radar, and the counting results are accumulated by the statistical characteristics of the number of photons, thus improving the accuracy of the measurement results. 3, the software design of the system. This paper mainly describes the application of Nios II embedded soft core processor, and emphatically introduces the software design of the three modules of photon counting DA output and AD acquisition. Finally, the overall software design of the system is integrated. The whole system is controlled by Nios II processor, and the command is received by serial port. 4. Testing and application of the system. The test of each module and the overall test of the system are introduced respectively, and the practical application effect of the system is described.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.98

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