發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-16 17:18

  本文選題：船用連續(xù)波雷達(dá) + 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：船用連續(xù)波導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)可安裝在各類船舶上(游艇,漁船,貨船、巡邏艇,海警船等),探測(cè)船舶載體周圍的各類物體:如船只、浮標(biāo)、橋墩、堤岸、浮冰、海島、冰山、海岸線等,給船員提供直觀的目標(biāo)距離與方位信息,根據(jù)需要發(fā)出告警信息,以規(guī)避各類危險(xiǎn)障礙物,防止碰撞事故,保證船舶安全航行。本課題便是基于連續(xù)波體制設(shè)計(jì)的一款導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)的信號(hào)處理系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)雨雪雜波抑制、同頻干擾抑制等功能。我國(guó)在船用導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)技術(shù)方面明顯落后于國(guó)外,但是迅速發(fā)展的市場(chǎng)又迫切需求國(guó)內(nèi)能有適用于中小型民用船舶的導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)產(chǎn)品,需要具有體積小、重量輕、輻射小、可靠性高、成本低和分辨力高等特點(diǎn)的船用導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)。本文設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了船用連續(xù)波導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)的信號(hào)處理系統(tǒng),采用寬帶調(diào)頻連續(xù)波體制,以提高距離分辨率,減小距離盲區(qū),降低雷達(dá)輻射功率,以及整個(gè)雷達(dá)的功耗。采用收發(fā)分置天線,提高發(fā)射與接收信號(hào)隔離度,降低接收噪聲系數(shù)。隨機(jī)跳頻,抑制多部雷達(dá)的同頻干擾。本文首先詳細(xì)討論了連續(xù)波導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)工作原理和主要特點(diǎn),包括鋸齒型頻率調(diào)制和三角形頻率調(diào)制。該雷達(dá)具有無(wú)距離盲區(qū)、距離分辨率高、輻射低、安全性高和操作及時(shí)性高的特點(diǎn)。接著簡(jiǎn)述了整機(jī)的組成框圖和工作原理,包括連續(xù)波導(dǎo)航雷達(dá)參數(shù)設(shè)置功能、顯示設(shè)置功能和海圖AIS目標(biāo)顯示功能,核算了作用距離、距離測(cè)試誤差等指標(biāo)。重點(diǎn)介紹了信號(hào)處理系統(tǒng)軟件的主要功能和流程,詳細(xì)闡述了同頻干擾抑制算法,并設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了新型的恒虛警檢測(cè)算法,提高了海上和內(nèi)河等復(fù)雜場(chǎng)景下的目標(biāo)檢測(cè)概率,有效地抑制了同頻干擾。最終,從雷達(dá)的功能、性能和穩(wěn)定性等方面對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的信號(hào)處理系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,得到了良好的結(jié)果,完全達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:Ship continuous wave navigation radar can be installed on all kinds of ships (yachts, fishing boats, freighters, patrol boats, marine police vessels, etc.) to detect all kinds of objects around the carrier: vessels, buoys, piers, levees, ice floats, islands, icebergs, etc. The coastline provides the crew with visual information of target distance and azimuth, and sends out warning information according to the need, in order to avoid all kinds of dangerous obstacles, prevent collision accidents, and ensure the safe navigation of ships. This subject is based on continuous wave system design of a navigation radar signal processing system. The system can achieve the functions of rain and snow clutter suppression, same frequency interference suppression and so on. Our country obviously lags behind foreign countries in navigation radar technology, but the rapidly developing market is in urgent need of domestic navigation radar products suitable for small and medium-sized civil ships, which need small volume, light weight and small radiation. Marine navigation radar with high reliability, low cost and high resolution. In this paper, the signal processing system of marine continuous wave navigation radar is designed and implemented, which adopts broadband FM continuous wave system to improve the range resolution, reduce the range blind area, reduce the radar radiation power and the power consumption of the whole radar. The receiver and receiver antenna is used to improve the isolation of transmitting and receiving signals and to reduce the received noise coefficient. Random frequency hopping (FH) is used to suppress the same frequency interference of multiple radars. In this paper, the principle and main features of continuous wave navigation radar are discussed in detail, including sawtooth frequency modulation and triangular frequency modulation. The radar has the characteristics of no range blind area, high range resolution, low radiation, high safety and high operational timeliness. Then, the composition block diagram and working principle of the whole machine are introduced, including the function of setting the parameters of the continuous wave navigation radar, the function of display setting and the function of displaying the AIS target of the chart, and the calculation of the operating distance, the error of the distance test and so on. The main function and flow of the signal processing system software are introduced in detail. The same frequency interference suppression algorithm is described in detail, and a new CFAR detection algorithm is designed and implemented, which improves the target detection probability in complex scenes such as sea and inland river. The same frequency interference is effectively suppressed. Finally, the designed signal processing system is tested from the aspects of radar function, performance and stability, and good results are obtained, which fully meet the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.51
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本文編號(hào)：1897733