發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-14 02:18

  本文選題：車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng) + 車隊(duì)移動(dòng)模型��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，車載自組網(wǎng)技術(shù)在汽車普及和無線通信技術(shù)發(fā)展的背景下成為一個(gè)新興的研究領(lǐng)域。許多車輛形成車隊(duì)出行，通信應(yīng)用需求日漸強(qiáng)烈。本文研究面向車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng)的移動(dòng)模型及其多信道多跳路由協(xié)議。 單信道的網(wǎng)絡(luò)因容量有限，容易出現(xiàn)信道競爭和網(wǎng)絡(luò)擁塞。雖然車載環(huán)境無線接入?yún)f(xié)議（WirelessAccess in Vehicular Environment，WAVE）提供了多信道架構(gòu)用于車載通信應(yīng)用，然而在數(shù)據(jù)多跳傳輸過程中，節(jié)點(diǎn)之間信道的同步與信道切換過程降低了網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。針對該問題，本文對車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng)的多信道多跳路由協(xié)議進(jìn)行相關(guān)研究，為車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng)提供一種性能優(yōu)良的多跳路由協(xié)議。 主要工作如下： 第一，建立一個(gè)車隊(duì)移動(dòng)模型，分析車隊(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)，車隊(duì)移動(dòng)的特征，以及連通性和交通因素對車隊(duì)的影響，分析了車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng)對網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)的要求。 第二，針對多跳數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中信道同步切換產(chǎn)生的時(shí)延問題，在車隊(duì)移動(dòng)模型下，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于跨層設(shè)計(jì)的多信道貪婪路由協(xié)議（Multi-channel Greedy Routing Protocol，MCGR），其特點(diǎn)有（1）采用車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng)多信道分配算法，動(dòng)態(tài)地均勻分配節(jié)點(diǎn)的服務(wù)信道，降低信道沖突幾率。（2）根據(jù)車隊(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)均勻分布的特點(diǎn)，建立多個(gè)互不干擾的信道傳輸路徑，優(yōu)化了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程，減少了更換信道帶來的時(shí)延。（3）設(shè)計(jì)了多信道貪婪轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)算法，優(yōu)化了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)南乱惶x擇，減少信道切換次數(shù)，降低多信道多跳傳輸中信道切換產(chǎn)生的時(shí)延。 第三，，本文還針對車隊(duì)對不同環(huán)境適應(yīng)性的要求，設(shè)計(jì)了一種車隊(duì)輔助位置服務(wù)協(xié)議（Platoon Assistance Location Service，PALS），使車隊(duì)通信可以在完全不依賴于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的場景下工作。 第四，對MCGR協(xié)議和單信道以及多信道的GPSR（Greedy Perimeter StatelessRouting）協(xié)議進(jìn)行了仿真比較。結(jié)果表明MCGR的端到端時(shí)延、吞吐量、分組投遞率優(yōu)于比較協(xié)議，適用于要求低時(shí)延、高帶寬的車隊(duì)自組網(wǎng)應(yīng)用。同時(shí)將PALS協(xié)議進(jìn)行了仿真分析，結(jié)果表明PALS能有效減少網(wǎng)絡(luò)開銷。
[Abstract]:In recent years, vehicle-mounted ad hoc network technology has become a new research field under the background of vehicle popularization and wireless communication technology development. A lot of vehicles form the motorcade travel, the communication application demand day by day intense. In this paper, the mobile model and multi-channel multi-hop routing protocol for motorcade ad hoc networks are studied. Single channel networks are prone to channel competition and network congestion due to their limited capacity. Although Wireless access in Vehicular environment WAVEE provides a multi-channel architecture for vehicle-borne communication applications, the synchronization and channel switching process between nodes reduces the network performance in the process of multi-hop data transmission. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the multi-channel multi-hop routing protocol of the motorcade ad hoc network, and provides a multi-hop routing protocol with excellent performance for the fleet ad hoc network. The main tasks are as follows: Firstly, a motorcade mobility model is established to analyze the characteristics of the motorcade structure, the characteristics of the motorcade movement, and the influence of connectivity and traffic factors on the motorcade. Secondly, aiming at the delay caused by channel synchronous handover in multi-hop data transmission, in the model of motorcade movement, A multi-channel greedy routing protocol (Multi-channel Greedy Routing protocol) based on cross-layer design is designed. Its characteristics are as follows: (1) the multi-channel assignment algorithm is used to distribute the service channel of the nodes dynamically and evenly. According to the characteristics of uniform distribution of motorcade nodes, several non-interference channel transmission paths are established, the data transmission process is optimized, and the delay caused by changing the channel is reduced. The next hop selection of data transmission is optimized to reduce the frequency of channel switching and the delay caused by channel switching in multi-channel multi-hop transmission. Thirdly, in order to meet the requirements of different environment adaptability, a kind of auxiliary position service protocol (Platoon Assistance Location Service) is designed, which makes the vehicle communication work completely without the infrastructure. Fourthly, the MCGR protocol is compared with the single channel and multi channel GPSR(Greedy Perimeter status routing protocol. The results show that the end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery rate of MCGR are superior to the comparison protocol. At the same time, the PALS protocol is simulated and the results show that PALS can effectively reduce the network overhead.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

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