本文選題：室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng) + 位置指紋��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)的研究已有二十多年歷史,人們使用超聲波、紅外、射頻識別等技術(shù)研發(fā)出各種不同的室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng),針對不同應(yīng)用環(huán)境得到不同的定位精度。但是,它們通常需要較為昂貴的硬件設(shè)備,而且安裝過程復(fù)雜,使用環(huán)境要求太高,不適于大規(guī)模推廣應(yīng)用。近幾年來隨著802.11協(xié)議標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不斷完善與發(fā)展,無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)得到了企業(yè)和個人用戶的廣泛使用,幾乎覆蓋了生活的每個角落。同時,移動智能終端設(shè)備得到了廣泛普及,兩者共同發(fā)展,為室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)的研究提供了新的契機(jī)與挑戰(zhàn)。 基于無線局域網(wǎng)的室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)具有部署方便、價格低廉等優(yōu)點,是近年來室內(nèi)定位技術(shù)研究的熱點。本文以現(xiàn)有的研究成果為參考,主要工作和貢獻(xiàn)如下： (1)搭建基于OpenWrt系統(tǒng)的無線對等網(wǎng)絡(luò)。傳統(tǒng)的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)具有局限性,導(dǎo)致通信受限,不利于大規(guī)模擴(kuò)展,且需要有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的支持。本文通過OpenWrt系統(tǒng)搭建了一個無線對等網(wǎng)絡(luò),解決了傳統(tǒng)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的諸多不便,為本文室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與定位數(shù)據(jù)的分布式存儲提供了重要保障。 (2)設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了基于位置指紋的室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)�；跓o線對等網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境,介紹了位置指紋信息的采集與處理過程,選擇加權(quán)K近鄰算法作為匹配算法進(jìn)行定位計算。在此基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)出室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)將大量定位計算與定位數(shù)據(jù)存儲工作留給定位服務(wù)器來完成,終端設(shè)備只負(fù)責(zé)指紋信息采集與定位結(jié)果展示,降低系統(tǒng)維護(hù)成本。實驗驗證了該系統(tǒng)的正確性。 (3)提出了多定位服務(wù)器在對等網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的部署方案。針對大型室內(nèi)環(huán)境,安裝室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)時需要部署多臺定位服務(wù)器同時工作,在此背景下對服務(wù)器部署問題進(jìn)行模擬研究,給出了一種對等網(wǎng)絡(luò)下多服務(wù)器部署的評價模型,設(shè)計算法,通過實驗驗證了該方案的有效性。 (4)提出了室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)分布式存儲策略。室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)主要分為兩種：與定位計算相關(guān)的位置指紋信息和與結(jié)果展示相關(guān)的室內(nèi)地圖數(shù)據(jù),本文針對這兩種數(shù)據(jù)分別采用不同的存儲策略。對于位置指紋信息按照服務(wù)器所在的區(qū)域進(jìn)行存儲,每個服務(wù)器上的數(shù)據(jù)完全不同,只記錄自己負(fù)責(zé)處理的區(qū)域的信息。而對于室內(nèi)地圖數(shù)據(jù),則采用局部錄入、全局同步的策略,即地圖錄入只在本地服務(wù)器上進(jìn)行,而關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)的同步工作全部由服務(wù)器自動完成,同步完成后所有服務(wù)器均擁有相同的室內(nèi)地圖數(shù)據(jù),非常適合地圖數(shù)據(jù)的更新操作,實驗驗證了該同步策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Indoor positioning technology has been studied for more than 20 years. People have developed a variety of different indoor positioning systems using ultrasonic, infrared and radio frequency identification technologies to obtain different positioning accuracy for different application environments. However, they usually need more expensive hardware equipment, and the installation process is complex and the use environment is too high. In recent years, with the continuous improvement and development of the 802.11 protocol standards, the wireless network has been widely used by enterprises and individual users and almost covered every corner of life. At the same time, mobile intelligent terminal equipment has been widely popularized, and the two people have developed together, which provide the research of indoor positioning system. New opportunities and challenges.
The indoor location system based on wireless LAN has the advantages of convenient deployment and low price. It is a hot spot in the research of indoor positioning technology in recent years. This paper is based on the existing research results as a reference, and the main work and contribution are as follows:
(1) build wireless peer-to-peer network based on OpenWrt system. The traditional wireless network structure has limitations, which leads to limited communication, is not conducive to large-scale expansion, and needs the support of wired network. In this paper, a wireless peer-to-peer network is built through the OpenWrt system, which solves the inconvenience of the traditional wireless network and is the indoor positioning system in this paper. The design and the distributed storage of location data provide an important guarantee.
(2) an indoor location system based on location fingerprint is designed and implemented. Based on the wireless peer-to-peer environment, the acquisition and processing of location fingerprint information is introduced, and the weighted K nearest neighbor algorithm is selected as the matching algorithm for location calculation. On this basis, the indoor positioning system is developed, and the system will locate a large number of location and location data storage. The work is left to the location server to complete. The terminal equipment is only responsible for the display of the fingerprint information collection and location results, and reduces the maintenance cost of the system. The experiment verifies the correctness of the system.
(3) the deployment scheme of multi location server in peer-to-peer network is put forward. For large indoor environment, it is necessary to deploy multiple location servers at the same time when installing indoor location system. Under this background, the problem of server deployment is simulated, and an evaluation model of multi server deployment under the peer network is given, and the design algorithm is designed. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified by experiments.
(4) the data distributed storage strategy of indoor positioning system is proposed. The data of the indoor positioning system are divided into two kinds: location fingerprint information and indoor map data related to the result display. This paper uses different storage strategies for the two data. In the area, the data on each server is completely different and only records the information that is responsible for the area. And for the indoor map data, the local entry, the global synchronization strategy, that is, the map entry is only carried out on the local server, and the synchronization work on the data is finished by the server automatically and synchronously finished. After all, all servers have the same indoor map data, which is very suitable for updating the map data. The validity of the synchronization strategy is verified by experiments.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN925.93

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本文編號：1847761