本文選題：強(qiáng)噪聲背景 + 微弱信號��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：“微弱信號”不僅意味著信號的幅度很小，而且主要指的是被噪聲淹沒的信號，“微弱”是相對于噪聲而言的。強(qiáng)噪聲背景下微弱信號檢測一直是工程應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的難題之一。微弱信號檢測的首要任務(wù)是提高信噪比，以便從強(qiáng)噪聲背景中檢測出有用的微弱信號，從而滿足現(xiàn)代科學(xué)研究和技術(shù)應(yīng)用的需要。所以，對微弱信號檢測技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本課題來源于內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“強(qiáng)噪聲背景下微弱信號檢測與提取技術(shù)研究”，以強(qiáng)噪聲背景下微弱信號的檢測為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，系統(tǒng)地研究了隨機(jī)共振的理論和方法。在基于調(diào)制隨機(jī)共振的微弱信號檢測與處理硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)中，本課題采用Analog Devices公司生產(chǎn)的AD734四象限模擬乘法器芯片來設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)制電路，以實(shí)現(xiàn)信號的混頻和系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)共振，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了對大頻率信號的檢測。本論文的內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面：①介紹了微弱信號的檢測和處理方法以及國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀，重點(diǎn)闡述了隨機(jī)共振非線性理論的歷史、現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展；②深入研究了非線性系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)共振現(xiàn)象，詳細(xì)研究了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與勢壘及隨機(jī)共振的關(guān)系，并分析了噪聲、信號和非線性隨機(jī)共振系統(tǒng)之間的關(guān)系以及隨機(jī)共振產(chǎn)生的條件；③通過對隨機(jī)共振系統(tǒng)的分析，提出了調(diào)制隨機(jī)共振方法，使用信號調(diào)制的方法可實(shí)現(xiàn)對大頻率信號的檢測。結(jié)合隨機(jī)共振方法與混沌理論方法的各自優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，將兩種方法結(jié)合起來用于微弱信號的檢測；④根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果設(shè)計(jì)了調(diào)制隨機(jī)共振系統(tǒng)電路，介紹了調(diào)制電路和隨機(jī)共振電路的結(jié)構(gòu)及原理，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)方案搭建了調(diào)制隨機(jī)共振檢測電路。 本課題以隨機(jī)共振理論為基礎(chǔ)，研究了強(qiáng)噪聲背景下的微弱信號檢測與處理方法，根據(jù)隨機(jī)共振的理論模型搭建了硬件電路，并對電路進(jìn)行了分析測試，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明該系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了預(yù)期目標(biāo)，為隨機(jī)共振理論應(yīng)用于工程實(shí)際提供了實(shí)現(xiàn)方案。
[Abstract]:"weak signal" means not only that the amplitude of signal is very small, but also that the signal is submerged by noise, and that "weak" is relative to noise. Weak signal detection under strong noise background has been one of the difficult problems in engineering application field. The primary task of weak signal detection is to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) so as to detect useful weak signals from strong noise background and meet the needs of modern scientific research and technical application. Therefore, the research of weak signal detection technology has important theoretical and practical significance. This topic comes from Inner Mongolia Autonomous region Natural Science Foundation project "Research on weak signal Detection and extraction Technology in strong noise background", which is based on weak signal detection in strong noise background. The theory and method of stochastic resonance are studied systematically. In the hardware circuit design of weak signal detection and processing based on modulation stochastic resonance, the AD734 four-quadrant analog multiplier chip produced by Analog Devices Company is used to design the modulation circuit, so as to realize the mixing of signals and the stochastic resonance of the system. Thus, the detection of large frequency signals is realized. The content of this paper includes the following aspects: 1 introduces the weak signal detection and processing methods and the research status at home and abroad, focusing on the history, status and development of stochastic resonance nonlinear theory; (2) the stochastic resonance phenomenon of nonlinear system is studied in depth, the relationship between system structure parameters and barrier and stochastic resonance is studied in detail, and the noise is analyzed. The relationship between signal and nonlinear Stochastic Resonance system and the condition of Stochastic Resonance Generation through the analysis of the stochastic resonance system, a modulation stochastic resonance method is proposed. The signal modulation method can be used to detect large frequency signals. Combining the advantages and disadvantages of stochastic resonance method and chaos theory method, the circuit of modulated stochastic resonance system is designed according to the simulation results. The structure and principle of modulation circuit and stochastic resonance circuit are introduced. Based on the stochastic resonance theory, the weak signal detection and processing method in strong noise background is studied in this paper. According to the theoretical model of stochastic resonance, the hardware circuit is built, and the circuit is analyzed and tested. The experimental results show that the system achieves the desired goal and provides a scheme for the application of stochastic resonance theory in engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN911.23

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