本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) + ZigBee　； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：低功耗的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)通過分布式、自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)方式實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,在眾多領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。由于ZigBee芯片上的微控制器難以滿足復(fù)雜多樣的系統(tǒng)需求,所以在利用Zig Bee無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)需求,設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的SoC,構(gòu)成用戶所需的具有無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能的SoC系統(tǒng),是今后的一個(gè)發(fā)展方向。隨著FPGA技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,使得面向應(yīng)用需求的SoC設(shè)計(jì)成為一種新的解決方法。因而,研究基于FPGA的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)SoC設(shè)計(jì)與驗(yàn)證具有重要的實(shí)用意義。論文詳細(xì)分析了Zigbee的協(xié)議架構(gòu)及使用FPGA設(shè)計(jì)SoC的技術(shù)。根據(jù)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能需求,設(shè)計(jì)了的SoC節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)方案,并對SoC系統(tǒng)MCU的功能結(jié)構(gòu)、媒體訪問控制層(MAC)協(xié)議架構(gòu)、系統(tǒng)集成及通信測試驗(yàn)證等方面展開了深入研究,具體論文工作及主要成果如下:(1)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)SoC節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)方案,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了兼容8051指令集的MCU IP核各個(gè)功能模塊及中斷系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)ZigBee協(xié)議中MAC協(xié)議要求,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了MAC發(fā)送與接收功能模塊。其中,發(fā)送模塊包含幀頭、發(fā)送FIFO、發(fā)送狀態(tài)機(jī)和幀校驗(yàn)等基本模塊,而接收模塊包含幀頭檢測、幀解碼、地址匹配、接收FIFO和幀校驗(yàn)等基本模塊。完成了MCU IP核的仿真驗(yàn)證,并在FPGA開發(fā)板上構(gòu)建MAC驗(yàn)證平臺(tái)。平臺(tái)包括無線射頻芯片及用于主機(jī)通信的串口模塊。經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證的結(jié)果是,在PC端通過串口可以將數(shù)據(jù)寫入到發(fā)送FIFO中,之后通過射頻芯片發(fā)送出去,而接收模塊可以通過射頻芯片接收到無線數(shù)據(jù),寫入到接收FIFO中,并通過串口發(fā)送給PC端。(2)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)SoC節(jié)點(diǎn)通信測試。根據(jù)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的通信需求,制定了SoC節(jié)點(diǎn)測試方案。首先通過MCU總線模塊與MAC模塊的相應(yīng)信號連接實(shí)現(xiàn)無線SoC系統(tǒng)集成,使用中斷方式來檢測無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)送和接收。然后搭建通信測試平臺(tái)。利用FPGA與射頻芯片組成一個(gè)待驗(yàn)證的SoC節(jié)點(diǎn),同時(shí)使用MSP430單片機(jī)和射頻芯片構(gòu)成另外一個(gè)驗(yàn)證節(jié)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)Zigbee協(xié)議要求,編寫基本通信協(xié)議程序,并通過監(jiān)控節(jié)點(diǎn)將兩者通信情況發(fā)送到PC上位機(jī),實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于FPGA的SoC系統(tǒng)節(jié)點(diǎn)的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信測試驗(yàn)證。論文設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于ZigBee的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)SoC,并完成了基于FPGA的SoC測試驗(yàn)證,能夠通過中斷方式實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的無線傳輸。論文工作對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)SoC的設(shè)計(jì)具有一定的參考意義。
[Abstract]:Low power wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used in many fields for their data transmission through distributed and self-organized networks. Because the microcontroller on the ZigBee chip can not meet the complex and diverse system requirements, based on the Zig Bee wireless network, the corresponding SoC is designed according to the demand, which constitutes the SoC system with the function of the wireless sensor network, which is needed by the user. Is a future development direction. With the rapid development of FPGA technology, SoC design for application requirements becomes a new solution. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the SoC design and verification of wireless sensor networks based on FPGA. In this paper, the protocol architecture of Zigbee and the technology of designing SoC with FPGA are analyzed in detail. According to the function requirement of wireless sensor network, the SoC node system scheme is designed, and the function structure of SoC system MCU, the protocol architecture of media access control layer (MAC), system integration and communication test verification are deeply studied. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: 1) Verification of SoC node system design in wireless sensor networks. According to the system scheme, each function module and interrupt system of MCU IP core compatible with 8051 instruction set are designed and implemented. According to the requirement of MAC protocol in ZigBee protocol, the function module of MAC sending and receiving is designed and implemented. The transmission module includes the basic modules such as frame header, transmission FIFO, transmission state machine and frame check, while the receiving module includes frame header detection, frame decoding, address matching, receiving FIFO and frame checking. The MCU IP core is simulated and verified, and the MAC verification platform is built on the FPGA development board. The platform includes radio frequency chip and serial communication module. The result of verification is that the data can be written to the sending FIFO through the serial port at the PC end, and then sent out through the RF chip, and the receiving module can receive the wireless data through the RF chip and write the data to the receiving FIFO. The communication test of SoC node in wireless sensor network is sent to PC through serial port. According to the communication requirements of wireless sensor network nodes, a SoC node testing scheme is developed. Firstly, the wireless SoC system is integrated by the MCU bus module and the corresponding signal connection of the MAC module. The interrupt mode is used to detect the sending and receiving of the wireless network data. Then build the communication test platform. FPGA and RF chip are used to form a SoC node to be verified, and MSP430 microcontroller and RF chip are used to form another verification node. According to the requirements of Zigbee protocol, the basic communication protocol program is written, and the communication between them is sent to PC by monitoring nodes. The communication test and verification of SoC nodes based on FPGA are realized. This paper designs and implements the wireless sensor network based on ZigBee, and completes the SoC test verification based on FPGA, which can realize the wireless transmission of data by interrupt mode. The work of this paper has a certain reference significance for the design of wireless sensor network SoC.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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