發(fā)布時間：2018-05-01 07:27

  本文選題：移動定位 + 和差波束　； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著移動通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展,移動定位技術(shù)成為人們研究的熱點。目前,移動定位技術(shù)提供的服務(wù)范圍集中在位置查詢、周邊信息查詢、地圖導(dǎo)航、人員定位等。但是,當(dāng)用戶處于大樓、大廈、商場等三維立體場所時,確定用戶的高度信息才能對用戶進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位。特別是,在緊急救援、犯罪分子追蹤等情況下,快速定位的實現(xiàn)非常重要。為此,本文結(jié)合實際項目的需求,對便攜式移動定位系統(tǒng)及其關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,實現(xiàn)了大樓用戶的準(zhǔn)確定位。本文主要設(shè)計了用于便攜式移動定位系統(tǒng)的兩單元和四單元單脈沖天線陣列,實現(xiàn)了寬頻帶工作;研究了和差波束天線的寬頻帶饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),基于橢圓縫隙耦合技術(shù)設(shè)計出寬頻帶的3dB電橋和寬頻帶的移相器。為了實現(xiàn)精確定位,研究了天線單元的寬波束和波束對稱性,以及天線陣列相位中心等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文主要完成的工作如下:1.寬頻帶領(lǐng)結(jié)狀漸變平面單極子定向輻射天線單元的設(shè)計,采用U型地板對天線的方向圖進(jìn)行修正。天線的回波損耗在650MHz-2175MHz頻段均大于10dB,很容易擴(kuò)展到GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS/CDMA/WiMAX/LTE等頻段。對影響天線帶寬、輻射方向圖的對稱性以及波瓣寬度等的因素進(jìn)行了研究;2.寬頻帶和差波束饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的設(shè)計,包括寬頻帶的正交定向耦合器和寬頻帶移相器設(shè)計。耦合器和移相器均采用寬邊耦合來實現(xiàn)較高的耦合度,采用橢圓縫隙耦合來實現(xiàn)寬頻帶性能并對影響定向耦合器和移相器帶寬的因素進(jìn)行了研究。由于定向耦合器及移相器均采用開放性的耦合結(jié)構(gòu),因此金屬環(huán)境對饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能有較大影響。本文對金屬環(huán)境中的饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的S參數(shù)及相位和幅度平衡度進(jìn)行了仿真分析。為了實現(xiàn)工程可應(yīng)用的寬帶饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò),必須消除金屬環(huán)境的影響及耦合器與移相器之間的耦合。通過對在良好接地的金屬盒子中的耦合器和移相器的仿真分析,本文提出了在不同模塊之間采用良好接地的金屬盒子進(jìn)行屏蔽,來消除天線對饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的影響及耦合器與移相器之間的耦合,并進(jìn)行了仿真分析。3.本文對和差波束陣列天線的相位中心與陣列排布的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了探究。為了精確定位,需要保證和波束最大輻射方向和差波束的最小輻射方向重合在參考方向上,也就是說天線陣列的相位中心與幾何中心重合。本文研究了不同的陣元排布方式對相位中心的位置及穩(wěn)定度的影響,并給出了優(yōu)化的陣列排布方式。4.本文對雙天線和差波束陣列天線及其饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了仿真,并給出了仿真結(jié)果;同時,本文對四天線和差波束陣列天線及其寬頻帶饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了聯(lián)合仿真,并進(jìn)行了工程實現(xiàn),通過對采用去耦技術(shù)的饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的測試,驗證了上述的原理分析。本文所設(shè)計的四天線和差波束陣列及其饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的測試結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果吻合良好,具有較高的工程應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:With the development of mobile communication technology, mobile positioning technology has become a hot topic. At present, mobile location technology provides a range of services focused on location query, peripheral information query, map navigation, personnel positioning and so on. However, when the user is in the building, building, shopping mall and other three-dimensional space, determine the user's height information can accurately locate the user. In particular, in emergency rescue, criminal tracking and other situations, the realization of rapid positioning is very important. In this paper, the portable mobile positioning system and its key technologies are studied according to the requirements of the actual project, and the accurate location of building users is realized. In this paper, a two-unit and four-unit monopulse antenna array for portable mobile positioning system is designed to realize broadband operation, and the broadband feed network technology of sum and differential beam antenna is studied. A wide band 3dB bridge and a wide band phase shifter are designed based on elliptical slot coupling technique. In order to achieve accurate positioning, the key techniques such as wide beam and beam symmetry of antenna elements and phase center of antenna array are studied. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. In the design of wideband bandnecked planar monopole directional radiation antenna unit, the pattern of the antenna is modified by using U-shaped floor. The echo loss of the antenna is larger than 10 dB in the 650MHz-2175MHz band, which can be easily extended to the GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS/CDMA/WiMAX/LTE band. The factors affecting antenna bandwidth, symmetry of radiation pattern and width of lobe are studied. The design of wide band and differential beam feeding network includes the design of wide band orthogonal directional coupler and wide band phase shifter. Both coupler and phase shifter adopt wide edge coupling to realize higher coupling degree, elliptical slot coupling is used to realize wide band performance, and the factors affecting the bandwidth of directional coupler and phase shifter are studied. Because both directional coupler and phase shifter adopt open coupling structure, metal environment has great influence on the performance of feed network. In this paper, the S parameters, phase and amplitude balance of feed network in metal environment are simulated and analyzed. The influence of metal environment and the coupling between coupler and phase shifter must be eliminated in order to realize the wideband feed network which can be used in engineering. Through the simulation and analysis of couplers and phase shifters in well-grounded metal boxes, this paper proposes to shield metal boxes with good grounding between different modules. To eliminate the effect of antenna on the feed network and the coupling between coupler and phase shifter. The relationship between phase center and array arrangement of sum difference beam array antenna is discussed in this paper. In order to locate accurately, it is necessary to ensure that the maximum radiation direction of the beam and the minimum radiation direction of the difference beam coincide with the reference direction, that is to say, the phase center of the antenna array coincides with the geometric center. In this paper, we study the influence of different array arrangement modes on the position and stability of phase center, and give the optimized array arrangement mode .4. In this paper, the dual antenna and differential beam array antenna and its feed network are simulated, and the simulation results are given, at the same time, the four antenna and differential beam array antenna and its broadband feed network are simulated jointly. The above principle analysis is verified by testing the feed network using decoupling technology. The test results of the four-antenna and differential beam array and its feed network designed in this paper are in good agreement with the simulation results and have high engineering application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張勇虎;衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中的測量型天線技術(shù)研究[D];國防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2006年

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本文編號：1828341