本文選題：聲源定位 + 麥克風(fēng)陣列�。� 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：智能服務(wù)機(jī)器人是在非結(jié)構(gòu)環(huán)境下為人類提供必要服務(wù)的多種高技術(shù)集成的智能化裝備,具有多種功能,其中聽覺就是重要標(biāo)志之一,是機(jī)器與人以及環(huán)境之間重要的交互手段。在現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境中,聽覺可以實(shí)現(xiàn)360°的“聽覺場景”,它可以搜索到不在可視范圍內(nèi)的聲源目標(biāo)。也就是說,聽覺能夠搜索定位出由于物體遮擋而產(chǎn)生模糊的目標(biāo),或者位于轉(zhuǎn)角處的聲源目標(biāo)。雖然,相較于視覺,對它的研究依然處在前期階段。但是,近些年來對聽覺的研究已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)重要課題,基于聽覺的聲源定位更是一個(gè)新的研究熱點(diǎn)。 基于聽覺的聲源定位,即由麥克風(fēng)陣列拾取語音信號(hào),繼而通過對信號(hào)的處理,進(jìn)一步確定聲源的位置,這在語音信號(hào)處理領(lǐng)域已是一個(gè)研究熱點(diǎn),具有重要應(yīng)用前景和實(shí)際意義。本論文學(xué)習(xí)研究基于麥克風(fēng)陣列的聲源定位技術(shù)的原理及特點(diǎn),主要進(jìn)行了以幾方面的下工作： 首先,對采用麥克風(fēng)陣列進(jìn)行聲源定位的研究現(xiàn)狀以及定位原理進(jìn)行了總體概述,論述了基于麥克風(fēng)陣列聲源定位的三大技術(shù),并總結(jié)了在定位過程中所遇到的難點(diǎn),主要介紹研究了基于到達(dá)時(shí)間延時(shí)的定位技術(shù)。 其次,基于到達(dá)時(shí)間延時(shí)的定位算法很多,本文對其中的廣義互相關(guān)算法進(jìn)行了研究,針對定位過程中存在的噪聲影響,提出了一種改進(jìn)的互功率譜相位加權(quán)算法。該算法運(yùn)算量少,經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,在強(qiáng)噪聲環(huán)境下該算法具有較好的定位性能。 最后,本論文以Lab VIEW軟件為開發(fā)平臺(tái)驅(qū)動(dòng)北京雙諾公司的MP420采集卡,設(shè)計(jì)采集程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)實(shí)際環(huán)境中語音信號(hào)實(shí)時(shí)采集和存儲(chǔ)。利用Matlab軟件對采集到的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合本論文提出的改進(jìn)算法進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,該算法能更精確的實(shí)現(xiàn)聲源的定位。
[Abstract]:Intelligent service robot is a kind of high-tech integrated intelligent equipment which can provide essential services to human beings in non-structural environment. It has many functions, among which hearing is one of the important symbols. It is an important means of interaction between machines and people as well as environment. In real environment, hearing can achieve 360 擄"auditory scene", which can search the target of sound source which is not in visual range. That is to say, the hearing can search for the target which is blurred by the object occlusion, or the sound source target located at the corner. Although, compared to vision, the study of it is still in the early stages. However, in recent years, auditory research has become an important issue, auditory sound source location is a new research hotspot. Acoustic source location based on hearing, that is, pick up speech signal by microphone array, and then determine the position of sound source through signal processing, which has become a research hotspot in the field of speech signal processing. It has important application prospect and practical significance. This paper studies the principle and characteristics of sound source location technology based on microphone array. First of all, the research status and principle of sound source location using microphone array are summarized, three technologies based on microphone array sound source location are discussed, and the difficulties encountered in the positioning process are summarized. This paper mainly introduces the localization technology based on time delay of arrival. Secondly, there are many localization algorithms based on time-of-arrival delay. In this paper, the generalized cross-correlation algorithm is studied, and an improved cross-power spectrum phase weighting algorithm is proposed to deal with the influence of noise in the localization process. Experimental results show that the algorithm has good localization performance in strong noise environment. Finally, this paper uses Lab VIEW software as the development platform to drive the MP420 acquisition card of Beijing Shuangnuo Company, and designs a collection program to realize the real-time acquisition and storage of voice signals in the actual environment. The Matlab software is used to simulate the collected data and the improved algorithm proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that the algorithm can more accurately achieve sound source location.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN912.3

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本文編號(hào)：1811433