本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 面向服務(wù)　； 參考：《福州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種新型的信息感知和處理技術(shù),具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景,改變了人類與物理世界交互的方式。隨著服務(wù)需求的不斷出現(xiàn)和日益增長,服務(wù)計算已逐漸成為無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)發(fā)展的重要趨勢。如何充分利用簡約的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)來提供多樣性服務(wù),已受到國內(nèi)外研究學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。部署在監(jiān)測區(qū)域內(nèi)的大量微型傳感器節(jié)點是無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的載體,同時也是服務(wù)的提供者,并且遵循廉價和簡單的設(shè)計原則,使其存在能量有限、感知精度低等不足。為了提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)可靠性和保障監(jiān)測質(zhì)量,通常采用密集部署的方式,然而這將導(dǎo)致節(jié)點間的感知數(shù)據(jù)存在冗余和空間相關(guān)性,嚴(yán)重制約了網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。節(jié)點調(diào)度是一種優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的有效方法,它可以通過選取提供服務(wù)的節(jié)點子集來優(yōu)化數(shù)據(jù)感知,并通過讓冗余節(jié)點輪流進入睡眠狀態(tài)來減少不必要的能量消耗。因此,研究高效的節(jié)點調(diào)度策略對提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供服務(wù)的性能具有重要的理論意義和應(yīng)用價值。感知質(zhì)量和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量效率是評價網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的兩個重要指標(biāo),本文從這兩個角度分別開展了節(jié)點調(diào)度策略的研究,主要工作如下：(1)研究了具有數(shù)據(jù)精度保證的節(jié)點選取問題,利用聯(lián)合高斯模型分析了節(jié)點間感知數(shù)據(jù)的空間相關(guān)性,提出了采用整數(shù)非線性規(guī)劃的方法來尋找小規(guī)模問題的最優(yōu)解,并設(shè)計了兩種啟發(fā)式算法,可以有效地應(yīng)對傳感器節(jié)點感知精度低的不足。這兩種啟發(fā)式算法分別采用了依次為服務(wù)選取節(jié)點的策略,以及綜合考慮了節(jié)點對所有服務(wù)的貢獻程度來選取節(jié)點的策略。實驗結(jié)果表明所提出的算法能以較少個數(shù)的節(jié)點提供給定數(shù)據(jù)精度的服務(wù),具有較好的性能。(2)研究了能量有效的節(jié)點調(diào)度問題,提出了一種能量感知的集中式啟發(fā)式調(diào)度機制,可以有效地提升節(jié)點的能量效率,繼而優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供服務(wù)的性能。該調(diào)度機制采用兩階段的節(jié)點調(diào)度方案構(gòu)造策略,并通過定期重構(gòu)來輪換提供服務(wù)的節(jié)點。同時,結(jié)合無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)自組織特性,設(shè)計了更符合實際應(yīng)用環(huán)境的分布式調(diào)度機制。實驗結(jié)果表明所設(shè)計的調(diào)度機制可以有效地為節(jié)點安排工作時序,且均衡了節(jié)點的能量分布,有效地提升了網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new information perception and processing technology, which has a wide application prospect and has changed the way that human beings interact with the physical world. With the development of service demand, service computing has become an important trend of wireless sensor network technology development. How to make full use of simple wireless sensor networks (WSN) to provide diverse services has received extensive attention from researchers at home and abroad. A large number of micro-sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area are the carriers of wireless sensor network resources and also the providers of services, and follow the cheap and simple design principles, which make them have the shortcomings of limited energy and low sensing accuracy. In order to improve network reliability and ensure monitoring quality, intensive deployment is usually used. However, this will lead to redundancy and spatial correlation of perceptual data between nodes, which seriously restricts network performance. Node scheduling is an effective method to optimize network performance. It can optimize data perception by selecting a subset of nodes that provide services and reduce unnecessary energy consumption by allowing redundant nodes to take turns into sleep. Therefore, the research of efficient node scheduling strategy has important theoretical significance and application value to improve the network service performance. Perception quality and network energy efficiency are two important indexes to evaluate the network performance. This paper studies the node scheduling strategy from these two angles. The main work is as follows: 1) the problem of node selection with data precision assurance is studied. Based on the joint Gao Si model, the spatial correlation of perceptual data between nodes is analyzed, and an integer nonlinear programming method is proposed to find the optimal solution of small scale problems. Two heuristic algorithms are designed. It can effectively deal with the lack of sensor node perception accuracy. The two heuristic algorithms adopt the strategy of selecting the nodes for the service in turn, and synthetically consider the contribution of the nodes to all the services to select the nodes. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can provide the service of given data precision with a small number of nodes, and has better performance. (2) the energy efficient node scheduling problem is studied, and a centralized heuristic scheduling mechanism based on energy perception is proposed. It can effectively improve the energy efficiency of nodes, and then optimize the network service performance. The scheduling mechanism uses a two-stage node scheduling scheme to construct a strategy, and rotates the service nodes through periodic refactoring. At the same time, combining with the characteristics of wireless sensor network self-organization, a distributed scheduling mechanism is designed, which is more suitable to the practical application environment. The experimental results show that the proposed scheduling mechanism can effectively schedule the work of the nodes, balance the energy distribution of the nodes, and improve the network performance effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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