本文選題：車對車通信 + 汽車對汽車通信��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著人們生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快和路面運(yùn)行車輛的爆發(fā)式增長,公路交通擁堵和公路、鐵路交通事故頻發(fā)成為困擾整個社會的難題。智能交通系統(tǒng)中的車載互聯(lián)網(wǎng)能夠?qū)⒐方煌ㄖ械钠嚭透咚勹F路中的列車分別連接起來,使每輛車維持一個一定范圍內(nèi)的車輛運(yùn)動狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫,以預(yù)防碰撞事故發(fā)生。同時,車載互聯(lián)網(wǎng)還能有效調(diào)度公路車輛運(yùn)行,為車輛提供合理且最優(yōu)的運(yùn)行路線,以緩解部分地區(qū)的擁堵局面。可以說,車載互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為現(xiàn)代交通運(yùn)輸智能化管理提供了解決方案,而這一切有賴于一個切實(shí)有效的車載無線通信系統(tǒng)。眾所周知,無線信道建模工作是無線系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的重中之重。因此,我們必須廣泛而深入地開展車對車無線信道建模工作。 本文整體研究思路是將車對車通信細(xì)分為汽車對汽車通信和高速鐵路列車對列車通信兩個分支。首先結(jié)合車對車通信所獨(dú)具的高速移動、高多普勒頻移和低天線高度等特點(diǎn),建立了車對車寬帶無線信道建模理論和方法。研究了大尺度路徑損耗和陰影衰落,小尺度均方根時延擴(kuò)展、多徑延遲線模型、多徑萊斯K因子和多徑包絡(luò)相關(guān)性等寬帶無線信道建模指標(biāo)。改進(jìn)了無線信道沖激響應(yīng)表達(dá)式,以突顯車對車通信中的多徑生滅特性。提出了適于車對車無線信道建模的統(tǒng)計(jì)概率分布,以反映多徑包絡(luò)的小尺度快速時變特性。同時,闡釋了改進(jìn)的非幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)和二維幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)兩種建模方法在車對車無線信道建模中的深刻內(nèi)涵和內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。通過為模型中的發(fā)射機(jī)、接收機(jī)、靜態(tài)散射體和漫散射體賦予高度維度,本文首次將基于計(jì)算機(jī)仿真的汽車對汽車非幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)性建模方法從二維空間拓展至三維空間。 其次,在汽車對汽車無線信道建模方面,本文以無線電波傳播環(huán)境為驅(qū)動,劃分了汽車對汽車無線傳播場景,建立了汽車對汽車無線傳播場景四級架構(gòu)。以此為基礎(chǔ),遴選車輛視距傳播、車輛部分視距傳播(斜坡和立交橋)、車輛非視距傳播和車輛停車場環(huán)境等四大典型汽車對汽車無線通信傳播環(huán)境,采用改進(jìn)的非幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)性建模方法,首次在這些場景中從大尺度路徑損耗,小尺度均方根時延擴(kuò)展、多徑延遲線模型、多徑萊斯K因子、多徑相關(guān)性和多徑生滅性等寬帶無線信道建模指標(biāo)出發(fā),提出對應(yīng)的寬帶無線信道模型,以探求視距出現(xiàn)程度對汽車對汽車無線信道特征的影響。同時,搭建部分視距場景中斜坡和立交橋環(huán)境無線傳播信道仿真平臺以驗(yàn)證實(shí)測信道模型的準(zhǔn)確性。首次將繞射損耗計(jì)算引入汽車對汽車幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)仿真平臺中,從高度維度入手建立由橋體和坡體遮擋引起的陰影衰落損耗模型,從而擴(kuò)大了非幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)性建模方法的可用范圍。 最后,對于高速列車對列車無線信道建模,本文劃分了高速鐵路列車對列車無線傳播場景。為解決同軌列車在間隔10Km情況下的直接通信問題,搭建了基于鄰軌列車中繼多跳協(xié)作的高速鐵路列車對列車物理層無線通信模型,推導(dǎo)了該無線通信模型的誤碼率和中斷概率解析表達(dá)式。發(fā)現(xiàn)了高速鐵路城區(qū)高架橋周邊分布散射體的二元屬性,闡釋了城區(qū)高架橋場景波導(dǎo)效應(yīng)成因,并由此出發(fā)采用三維幾何統(tǒng)計(jì)性建模方法,搭建了城區(qū)高架橋場景下列車對列車寬帶無線信道仿真平臺。研究了高速列車對列車無線信道大尺度路徑損耗,小尺度均方根時延擴(kuò)展、萊斯K因子、多徑延遲線模型等寬帶無線信道特征。
[Abstract]:With the continuous acceleration of people's life rhythm and the explosive growth of vehicles running on the road, traffic congestion and highways and railway traffic accidents have become a difficult problem for the whole society. The vehicle Internet in the intelligent transportation system can connect the cars in the highway traffic with the trains in the high-speed railway, so that each vehicle can be maintained. At the same time, the vehicle Internet can effectively control the operation of the road vehicles and provide a reasonable and optimal operation route for the vehicles to relieve the congestion in some areas. All this depends on a practical and effective vehicle wireless communication system. It is well known that wireless channel modeling is the most important design of the wireless system. Therefore, we must develop the vehicle wireless channel modeling work extensively and deeply.
The whole research idea of this paper is to subdivide the car to car communication into two branches of automobile communication and high speed railway train to train communication. Firstly, the theory and method of modeling and method of vehicle to car broadband non line channel modeling are established by combining the characteristics of high speed movement, high Doppler shift and low antenna height. Path loss and shadow fading, small scale mean square root delay extension, multipath delay line model, multipath K factor and multipath envelope correlation, improve the expression of impulse response in wireless channel to highlight the multipath characteristics in vehicle communication, and propose a model suitable for vehicle wireless channel modeling. The probability distribution is calculated to reflect the small scale fast time-varying characteristics of the multipath envelope. At the same time, the profound connotation and internal relations of the improved two modeling methods of non geometric statistics and two-dimensional geometric statistics in car to car wireless channel modeling are explained. The high dimension of the model is given by the transmitter, receiver, static scatterer and diffuse body in the model. For the first time, this paper extends the non geometric statistical modeling method of automobile based on computer simulation from two dimensions to three dimensions.
Secondly, in the automobile wireless channel modeling, this paper divides the vehicle wireless transmission scene with the wireless wave propagation environment, and establishes the four level architecture of the vehicle wireless transmission scene. Based on this, it selects the vehicle sight distance transmission, the vehicle division distance transmission (slope and overpass), and the vehicle non sight distance propagation. For the first time, the improved non geometric statistical modeling method is used for the four typical vehicles of vehicle parking environment, such as the environment of the vehicle wireless communication. In these scenes, the large scale path loss, the small scale root mean square root delay extension, the multipath delay line model, the multipath K dependent son, the multipath correlation and the multipath inefficiency are used for the first time in these scenes. On the basis of channel modeling, a corresponding broadband wireless channel model is proposed to explore the influence of the degree of sight distance on the vehicle's wireless channel characteristics. At the same time, the accuracy of the simulation platform of the measured channel model is verified by building a simulation platform of the slope and the flyover environment wireless communication channel in some sight distance scenes. In the vehicle geometric statistical simulation platform, the shadow fading loss model caused by the bridge body and the slope body occlusion is established from the height dimension, thus the available scope of the non geometric statistical modeling method is expanded.
Finally, for high-speed train to train wireless channel modeling, this paper divides the high-speed railway train to train radio transmission scene. In order to solve the direct communication problem of the same rail train at the interval of 10Km, a wireless communication model of the train physical layer on the high speed railway train based on the multi hop cooperation of the adjacent rail train relay is built. The error rate of the line communication model and the analytic expression of the interruption probability are expressed. The two element attributes of the scattered scatterers around the viaduct around the high speed railway are discovered, and the cause of the scene waveguide effect of the urban viaduct is explained, and a three-dimensional geometric statistical modeling method is used to build a broadband wireless letter to the train under the urban viaduct scene. The channel simulation platform is used to study the broadband wireless channel characteristics of the high speed train, such as the large scale path loss of the train wireless channel, the small scale root mean square root delay extension, the lace K factor, the multipath delay line model and so on.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

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