本文選題：量子密鑰分配 + Mie散射　； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，建立在量子力學(xué)原理基礎(chǔ)上的量子信息受到了人們極大的關(guān)注。作為量子信息中最接近實(shí)用化的重要分支，量子密鑰分配克服了經(jīng)典密碼術(shù)的安全隱患，其絕對(duì)安全性在理論上已經(jīng)被證明。近年來(lái)水下無(wú)線通信技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速，水下量子通信可以為其提供絕對(duì)安全的保密通信技術(shù)，研究水下量子通信不僅對(duì)推動(dòng)量子信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展有重要意義，并且在海洋、軍事方面有重要的應(yīng)用前景�；谝陨媳尘�，研究攜帶密鑰信息的偏振光子在海水信道中的傳輸特性是十分必要的。此外研究水下量子通信的實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)中，由于光學(xué)器件存在制作工藝上的缺陷，必然會(huì)對(duì)光子的偏振態(tài)產(chǎn)生影響，進(jìn)而影響到量子通信的誤碼率，因而為了確保量子通信的絕對(duì)安全性，通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究偏振器件以及水信道對(duì)光子偏振態(tài)的影響也是本論文研究水下量子通信的重要內(nèi)容之一。 基于以上背景，本論文進(jìn)行了以下兩個(gè)方面的研究：1)研究偏振光子在海水信道中的傳輸特性；2)研究光學(xué)器件以及水信道對(duì)偏振態(tài)的影響。 理論研究中，根據(jù)Mie散射理論，以Monte Carlo方法作為主要手段，結(jié)合海水信道的光學(xué)性質(zhì)和量子力學(xué)的原理，對(duì)偏振光子在海水信道中的傳輸過(guò)程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。首先，，建立一合理的海水信道模型，研究了偏振光子的多次散射矢量傳輸模型，然后通過(guò)編程模擬，得出了光子在海水信道中傳輸接收到光子的光子數(shù)、Stokes矢量、光子坐標(biāo)等數(shù)據(jù)，通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)研究了光子在海水信道中的衰減情況、散射光子的退偏特性、不同天氣情況下的量子誤碼率等。我們的研究結(jié)果表明，在最清澈的海水中理論上可實(shí)現(xiàn)傳輸距離為百米量級(jí)的水下量子密鑰分配。 實(shí)驗(yàn)工作中，我們?cè)谒铝孔用荑�分配實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的基礎(chǔ)上研究了量子密鑰分配實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)中光學(xué)元器件對(duì)偏振光子的偏振態(tài)影響情況。實(shí)驗(yàn)中設(shè)計(jì)了合理的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案分別研究了偏振無(wú)關(guān)分束器對(duì)透射光和反射光的影響，并且研究了在水信道中傳輸光子的偏振態(tài)變化情況；通過(guò)單光子計(jì)數(shù)器數(shù)據(jù)獲得不同偏振狀態(tài)的光子數(shù)，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析得出光學(xué)器件和水信道對(duì)光子偏振態(tài)的影響。
[Abstract]:In recent years, quantum information based on the principle of quantum mechanics has attracted great attention. As the most practical branch of quantum information, quantum key distribution overcomes the hidden dangers of classical cryptography, and its absolute security has been proved theoretically. In recent years, the underwater wireless communication technology has developed rapidly, and the underwater quantum communication can provide it with absolute security secure communication technology. The study of underwater quantum communication is not only of great significance to promote the development of quantum information technology, but also in the ocean. There are important prospects for military applications. Based on the above background, it is necessary to study the transmission characteristics of the polaron carrying key information in seawater channel. In addition, in the experimental system of underwater quantum communication, due to the defects in the fabrication process of optical devices, the polarization state of photons is bound to be affected, and the bit error rate of quantum communication is also affected. Therefore, in order to ensure the absolute security of quantum communication, the influence of polarization devices and water channel on photon polarization state is also one of the important contents of this thesis. Based on the above background, in this thesis, we study the propagation characteristics of polaron in seawater channel in the following two aspects: 1) study the influence of optical devices and water channel on the polarization state. In theoretical research, according to Mie scattering theory, the Monte Carlo method is used as the main means, combining the optical properties of seawater channel and the principle of quantum mechanics, the propagation process of polaron in seawater channel is numerically simulated. Firstly, a reasonable seawater channel model is established, and the multiple scattering vector transmission model of polaron is studied. Then, the number of photons transmitted and received in seawater channel is obtained by programming simulation. The attenuation of photons in seawater channel, the depolarization characteristics of scattered photons and the quantum bit error rate in different weather conditions are studied by analyzing the data of photon coordinates. Our results show that underwater quantum key distribution with a transmission distance of 100 meters can be theoretically realized in the clearest seawater. In the experimental work, we study the influence of optical elements on the polarization state of polaron in the quantum key distribution experimental system based on the experimental platform of underwater quantum key distribution (QKD). A reasonable experimental scheme is designed to study the effect of polarization independent beam splitter on transmitted light and reflected light, and the change of polarization state of photons transmitted in water channel is studied. The number of photons in different polarization states is obtained from single photon counter data, and the influence of optical devices and water channels on the polarization states of photons is obtained by analyzing the data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：O413;TN918

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 黃曉圣,王汝霖,徐仁聲,劉金濤;水下激光通訊發(fā)射接收系統(tǒng)[J];青島海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);1998年04期

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