本文選題：衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航天線 + 基片集成波導(dǎo)　； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)在軍用和民用端都有著重要的作用。近幾年來,四大導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)都在迅速完善自身的建設(shè)。作為四大導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)之一的北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),2013年12月宣布公開第二個民用頻段B2I,自此全面進(jìn)入雙頻時代,性能上毫不遜色于其他三大導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。 天線是衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航接收機(jī)上最重要的器件之一。由于微帶天線體積小,易于加工,且方便實現(xiàn)圓極化,所以廣泛應(yīng)用于導(dǎo)航天線的設(shè)計。但微帶天線自身存在損耗大,后瓣輻射大等難以克服的問題。最近幾年,基片集成波導(dǎo)受到廣泛的關(guān)注,其優(yōu)越的性能如低損耗、易集成等特點使得一系列相關(guān)器件得以成功研制。其在天線方面的應(yīng)用,在毫米波及更高的頻段已經(jīng)一定程度上取代了微帶天線,但在導(dǎo)航頻段由于其體積受到限制,鮮見相關(guān)應(yīng)用。 本文根據(jù)上海市高新工程專項資金資助項目《多�；刹▽�(dǎo)小型化衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航天線研究》,以及國家自然科學(xué)基金《調(diào)控電磁波-若干基于坐標(biāo)變換和超材料技術(shù)的天線與散設(shè)問題的研究》的要求,開展了下列的研究工作： (1)第一二章分析和研究了導(dǎo)航天線的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,包括衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航天線研究現(xiàn)狀和基片集成波導(dǎo)天線研究現(xiàn)狀,并具體研究了導(dǎo)航天線的性能指標(biāo)和設(shè)計方法。 (2)第三章首先研究了一款單層SIW環(huán)縫圓極化天線,而后在此基礎(chǔ)上通過頂層疊加貼片設(shè)計了一款多層SIW雙頻圓極化天線。詳細(xì)闡述了設(shè)計原理、仿真結(jié)果并對第二款天線進(jìn)行了加工與測試。該天線實現(xiàn)了BDS兩個頻段的圓極化輻射,具有比微帶天線更好的增益和前后比,以及可比擬的尺寸。相關(guān)研究結(jié)果在PIERS'2014(Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium)國際會議上發(fā)表論文一篇。 (3)第四章研究了兩款用于圓極化天線饋電的90度相移定向耦合器,可以覆蓋四大導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的高頻段,并在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了雙縫耦合提高隔離度的方法以及該定向耦合器在圓極化天線上的應(yīng)用。給出了仿真結(jié)果并進(jìn)行了分析,兩款定向耦合器可以良好地用于圓極化天線的饋電,且在橫向尺寸上有顯著的減小,僅為傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的八分之一。 (4)第五章研究了互補(bǔ)開口諧振環(huán)減小SIW尺寸的方法,并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了四款加載互補(bǔ)開口諧振環(huán)的導(dǎo)航天線。其中第二款天線通過加載雙CSRR實現(xiàn)了單個頻點的圓極化,第三、第四款天線通過1/8模和1/4模的基片集成波導(dǎo)進(jìn)一步縮小了尺寸,并實現(xiàn)了圓極化。每款天線給出了仿真結(jié)果并進(jìn)行了分析,并對最后一款進(jìn)行了加工和測試。結(jié)果表明天線實現(xiàn)了小型化,并且擁有較高的增益和較好的前后比。相關(guān)研究結(jié)果在APMC'2014(Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference)國際會議上發(fā)表論文一篇。 (5)第六章研究了復(fù)合左右手傳輸線減小SIW尺寸的方法,并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了一款雙頻天線,闡述了設(shè)計原理、仿真結(jié)果并進(jìn)行了加工測試。該天線覆蓋了BDS兩個頻段,且均有較高的增益,尺寸較傳統(tǒng)SIW雙頻天線可減小70%。相關(guān)研究結(jié)果在APMC'2014(Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference)國際會議上發(fā)表論文一篇。
[Abstract]:The satellite navigation system plays an important role in both military and civil terminals. In recent years, the four navigation systems have been improving their construction rapidly. As one of the four major navigation systems, the Beidou satellite navigation system announced the opening of the second civil frequency B2I in December 2013. Three major navigation systems.
Antenna is one of the most important devices on satellite navigation receiver. Microstrip antenna is widely used in the design of navigation antenna because of its small size, easy processing and convenient realization of circular polarization. However, the microstrip antenna itself has large loss and large rear lobe radiation. In the last few years, the substrate integrated waveguide has received extensive attention. Its superior performance, such as low loss and easy integration, has made a series of related devices developed successfully. Its application in antenna, in millimeter wave and higher frequency band, has replaced the microstrip antenna to some extent, but it is limited in the navigation band because of its volume.
In this paper, the following research work is carried out according to the requirements of the research of the multi mode integrated waveguide miniaturized satellite navigation antenna research on the multi-mode integrated waveguide integrated waveguide, and the requirements of the National Natural Science Foundation for the research of antenna and scatter problems based on some coordinate transformation and metamaterials technology in Shanghai.
(1) the first two chapters analyze and study the status of the research on the navigation antenna at home and abroad, including the status of the satellite navigation antenna and the research status of the substrate integrated waveguide antenna, and the performance index and design method of the navigation antenna are studied.
(2) the third chapter first studies a single layer SIW circular slot circular polarized antenna, and then on this basis, a multilayer SIW dual frequency circular polarized antenna is designed by the top layer stacking patch. The design principle, the simulation result and the processing and testing of the second antennas are described in detail. The day line realizes the circular polarization radiation of the two frequency bands of BDS. Better gain and back to back ratio and comparable size than microstrip antennas. The related research results were published in a paper at the International Conference of PIERS'2014 (Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium).
(3) the fourth chapter studies two phase shift directional couplers for circular polarized antenna fed by 90 degree phase shift coupler, which can cover the high frequency section of four large navigation systems. On this basis, the method of increasing the isolation degree of the double slit coupling and the application of the directional coupler on the circular polarized antenna are studied. The simulation results are given and the two orientation is given. The coupler can be used to feed the circularly polarized antenna well, and has a significant decrease in the lateral dimension, which is only 1/8 of the traditional structure.
(4) the fifth chapter studies the method of reducing the size of SIW with complementary opening resonant ring, and on this basis, four types of navigation antennas with complementary opening resonant rings are designed. Among them, second antennas are loaded with double CSRR to realize the circular polarization of single frequency points, third, fourth antennas are further reduced by the 1/8 mode and the substrate integrated waveguide of the 1/4 mode. Size, and circular polarization. Each antenna gives simulation results and analyses, and the final section is processed and tested. The results show that the antenna is miniaturized and has higher gain and better front and back ratio. The related research results are published at the International Conference of APMC'2014 (Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference). A text.
(5) the sixth chapter studies the method of reducing the size of SIW with compound hand transmission line. On this basis, a dual frequency antenna is designed. The design principle, simulation result and processing test are presented. The antenna covers two BDS bands and has high gain. The size of the antenna can reduce the result of 70%. related research in A than the traditional SIW dual frequency antenna. An article was published at the International Conference on PMC'2014 (Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference).

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN96.1

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