本文選題：無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò) + GPRS　； 參考：《陜西科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)是一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)大國(guó)，農(nóng)作物的優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)對(duì)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展意義重大。同時(shí)，我國(guó)是一個(gè)水資源分布不均的國(guó)家，采用傳統(tǒng)的灌溉方式對(duì)水資源浪費(fèi)比較大。若根據(jù)土壤墑情信息對(duì)果樹進(jìn)行灌溉，則能提高灌溉用水的利用率，，緩解我國(guó)水資源日趨緊張的矛盾。本文主要工作可總結(jié)如下： （1）設(shè)計(jì)一套基于無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的果樹灌溉系統(tǒng)，可以根據(jù)采集的土壤墑情信息對(duì)果樹進(jìn)行自動(dòng)化灌溉控制。該系統(tǒng)主要由傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)、無線網(wǎng)關(guān)和上位機(jī)三個(gè)部分組成，其中，傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)主要由土壤濕度傳感器和ZigBee模塊組成；無線網(wǎng)關(guān)由ZigBee模塊、GPRS模塊、單片機(jī)和灌溉閥門組成；上位機(jī)接收土壤墑情信息，根據(jù)接收到的土壤墑情信息做出決策，發(fā)送灌溉控制指令。 （2）在通信方式上采用ZigBee與GPRS網(wǎng)絡(luò)相結(jié)合的體系結(jié)構(gòu)。傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)與無線網(wǎng)關(guān)之間采用ZigBee無線通信的方式進(jìn)行通信，無線網(wǎng)關(guān)與上位機(jī)間的距離較遠(yuǎn)因而采用GPRS無線通信。本文對(duì)傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)與無線網(wǎng)關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn)的軟件進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)軟件主要包括土壤墑情信息的采集與ZigBee數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送函數(shù)的編寫，其中，ZigBee通信程序的編寫是在TI公司提供的Z-Stack基礎(chǔ)上完成的。無線網(wǎng)關(guān)的軟件主要包括ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建立與GPRS驅(qū)動(dòng)程序設(shè)計(jì)。 （3）根據(jù)系統(tǒng)實(shí)際需求以及LEACH協(xié)議（低功耗自適應(yīng)集簇分層型協(xié)議）在系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用中的不足，采用一種改進(jìn)型LEACH路由協(xié)議。在簇首選擇機(jī)制中加入能量控制條件，增大剩余能量較多的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)成為簇首節(jié)點(diǎn)的可能性。加入數(shù)據(jù)周期性采集機(jī)制，定時(shí)向上位機(jī)發(fā)送土壤墑情信息。若簇首與無線網(wǎng)關(guān)間距離較遠(yuǎn)則采用多跳形式進(jìn)行通信。為減少系統(tǒng)傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)量，系統(tǒng)采用分批估計(jì)算法對(duì)多個(gè)傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)采集到的土壤墑情信息進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理。 （4）采用Visual Basic6.0完成系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控軟件的設(shè)計(jì)。選擇MicrosoftAccess數(shù)據(jù)庫作為本系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫。該監(jiān)控軟件包含登錄和控制兩個(gè)界面，用戶登陸后，可以實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)土壤墑情信息、查看歷史時(shí)刻土壤墑情信息以及發(fā)送灌溉指令。 最后，借助串口調(diào)試助手對(duì)ZigBee模塊間的通信、ZigBee和GPRS通信誤包率以及對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行綜合測(cè)試，測(cè)試表明ZigBee模塊間可以正常通信，系統(tǒng)通信的誤包率較小，本系統(tǒng)可以完成土壤墑情信息的采集與傳輸以及對(duì)灌溉閥門的控制。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country, the good quality and high yield of crops is of great significance to the economic development of our country.At the same time, China is a country with uneven distribution of water resources.If the fruit trees are irrigated according to soil moisture information, the utilization rate of irrigation water can be improved, and the contradiction of water resources becoming more and more tight in China can be alleviated.The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows:1) A fruit tree irrigation system based on wireless sensor network is designed, which can automatically control the irrigation of fruit trees according to the collected soil moisture information.The system consists of three parts: sensor node, wireless gateway and upper computer. The sensor node is composed of soil moisture sensor and ZigBee module, and the wireless gateway is composed of ZigBee module, single chip microcomputer and irrigation valve.The upper computer receives the soil moisture information, makes the decision according to the received soil moisture information, and sends the irrigation control instruction.The architecture of ZigBee and GPRS network is adopted in communication mode.The wireless communication between sensor nodes and wireless gateway is based on ZigBee wireless communication, and the distance between wireless gateway and host computer is long, so GPRS wireless communication is adopted.The software of sensor node and wireless gateway node is designed in this paper.The sensor node software mainly includes the collection of soil moisture information and the compilation of ZigBee data sending function. The communication program of ZigBee is completed on the basis of Z-Stack provided by TI company.The software of wireless gateway mainly includes the establishment of ZigBee network and the design of GPRS driver.According to the actual requirement of the system and the deficiency of the LEACH protocol (low power adaptive cluster hierarchical protocol) in the application of the system, an improved LEACH routing protocol is adopted.The energy control condition is added to the cluster head selection mechanism to increase the possibility that the sensor node with more residual energy can become the cluster head node.The periodic data collection mechanism is added, and the soil moisture information is sent to the host computer periodically.If the distance between cluster head and wireless gateway is long, multi-hop communication is adopted.In order to reduce the amount of data transmitted by the system, the batch estimation algorithm is used to process the soil moisture information collected by multiple sensor nodes.Visual Basic6.0 is used to complete the design of the system monitoring software.MicrosoftAccess database is chosen as the database of this system.The monitoring software includes two interfaces: login and control. After landing, the user can monitor soil moisture information in real time, check soil moisture information at historical time and send irrigation instructions.Finally, with the aid of serial port debugging assistant, the communication error rate between ZigBee module (ZigBee) and GPRS module and the whole system are tested. The test results show that the ZigBee module can communicate normally, and the system communication error rate is small.The system can collect and transmit soil moisture information and control the irrigation valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5;TP273

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 趙養(yǎng)社;;基于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)和GPRS網(wǎng)的灌溉系統(tǒng)研究[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2011年07期

2 韓立巖;那婉姣;王亮;;節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)研究[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2009年04期

3 李杰;曹玉華;;以色列節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2011年07期

4 王欽;;基于ZigBee技術(shù)的無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];重慶理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué));2011年08期

5 Hesham Abusaimeh;;Dynamic Cluster Head for Lifetime Efficiency in WSN[J];International Journal of Automation & Computing;2009年01期

6 楊寶東;孔祥成;;探索中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的節(jié)水之路[J];吉林水利;2010年12期

7 伍偉杰;葉邦彥;;基于CAN總線的節(jié)水灌溉自控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與研究[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2006年01期

8 趙燕東;章軍富;尹偉倫;陳峻崎;胡劍非;;按植物需求精準(zhǔn)節(jié)水灌溉自動(dòng)調(diào)控系統(tǒng)的研究[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2009年01期

9 陳鳳;趙春江;鄭文剛;申長(zhǎng)軍;;基于PLCC技術(shù)的農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉自動(dòng)控制器的設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2010年02期

10 唐娟;王文娣;高立艾;;面向精準(zhǔn)灌溉的無線農(nóng)田溫濕度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2012年04期

本文編號(hào)：1759528