本文選題：WSN + 匯聚節(jié)點　； 參考：《電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著微電子與通信技術的快速發(fā)展,無線傳感器網絡(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)近些年也得到了迅速的普及,逐漸走進人們的視野中。從最早軍事中的應用,到近些年來在智能家居、醫(yī)療護理、環(huán)境監(jiān)測等領域,無線傳感器網絡都有非常廣闊的應用需求,是人們目前最為關注的通信技術之一。山地環(huán)境監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)是無線傳感器網絡目前應用最為廣泛的場景之一,對目標區(qū)域進行監(jiān)測和數據分析,對可能的災害做出預警,可以很大程度減少人身和財產損失。但因其系統(tǒng)多部署在野外,所面臨的環(huán)境極其復雜惡劣,整個系統(tǒng)可靠性的也面臨著嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。本文以山地環(huán)境監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)為基礎,關注于無線傳感器匯聚網絡的匯聚節(jié)點配置、路由優(yōu)化,節(jié)點原型設計等研究。論文首先介紹了無線傳感器網絡的研究背景,以及其當前在環(huán)境監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中應用和研究現狀,并且對山地環(huán)境監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的拓撲模型和網絡架構進行簡單的概述。并對無線傳感器網絡中路由技術的研究現狀做了總結,說明了無線傳感器網絡路由的設計需求,以及無線傳感器網絡的主要分類。其次,提出了一種基于重要度的匯聚節(jié)點位置優(yōu)選算法和一種異構多中心網絡的抗毀性評估方法。傳統(tǒng)位置優(yōu)選方法沒有將節(jié)點的重要度和實際節(jié)點間的連通性考慮在內,本算法將節(jié)點重要度與實際節(jié)點間的連通性都納入考量,采用求解平衡點的方式,優(yōu)化了匯聚節(jié)點位置的選取。繼而,進一步提出了創(chuàng)新算法將平衡點方法的計算復雜度有效降低。并且論文中給出了對異構多中心網絡抗毀性評價方法,用于位置優(yōu)選算法進行量化評估。然后,設計了一種基于多叉平衡樹的自適應路由協(xié)議,該協(xié)議側重于網絡抗毀性的提升。該協(xié)議包括基于服務容限的子節(jié)點接入控制機制和基于負載系數的父節(jié)點重新選擇機制。最后,設計并實現了一種面向環(huán)境監(jiān)測的無線傳感器網絡匯聚節(jié)點的原型。詳細說明了該匯聚節(jié)點原型的核心系統(tǒng)與硬件平臺的選型,外圍設備的選型與接口設計,協(xié)議流程與系統(tǒng)軟件實現以及封裝等工作。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of microelectronics and communication technology, Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) has been popularized rapidly in recent years.From the earliest military applications to the recent years in the smart home, medical care, environmental monitoring and other fields, wireless sensor networks have a very broad application needs, is one of the most concerned communications technology.Mountain environment monitoring and early warning system is one of the most widely used scenarios in wireless sensor networks. Monitoring and data analysis of target areas and early warning of possible disasters can greatly reduce the loss of life and property.However, because its system is mostly deployed in the field, the environment is extremely complex and harsh, and the reliability of the whole system is also facing a severe challenge.Based on the mountain environment monitoring and early warning system, this paper focuses on the cluster node configuration, routing optimization and node prototype design of wireless sensor convergence network.Firstly, this paper introduces the research background of wireless sensor network, its application and research status in environmental monitoring system, and gives a brief overview of the topology model and network architecture of mountain environment monitoring system.The research status of routing technology in wireless sensor networks is summarized, the design requirements of routing in wireless sensor networks and the main categories of wireless sensor networks are explained.Secondly, an algorithm for location optimization of convergence nodes based on importance and a method for evaluating the survivability of heterogeneous multi-center networks are proposed.The traditional location optimization method does not take into account the importance of nodes and the connectivity between actual nodes. In this algorithm, both the importance of nodes and the connectivity of actual nodes are taken into account, and the equilibrium point is solved.The location of the convergent node is optimized.Then, an innovative algorithm is proposed to effectively reduce the computational complexity of the equilibrium point method.A method for evaluating the invulnerability of heterogeneous multi-center network is presented in this paper, which is used to evaluate the location optimization algorithm quantitatively.Then, an adaptive routing protocol based on multitree is designed, which focuses on the improvement of network survivability.The protocol includes a child node access control mechanism based on service tolerance and a parent node reselection mechanism based on load coefficient.Finally, a prototype of wireless sensor network convergence node for environmental monitoring is designed and implemented.The selection of the core system and hardware platform, the selection and interface design of peripheral equipment, the implementation of protocol flow and system software, and the encapsulation of the prototype are described in detail.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號：1754777