本文選題：能量均衡 + 無(wú)環(huán)路　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)作為一種新興的、將改變?nèi)祟?lèi)與物理世界交互的新技術(shù),在民用和軍事方面已經(jīng)有了非常廣泛的應(yīng)用,如環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、交通運(yùn)輸監(jiān)控、戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)感知、公共安全和智能家居等。尤其隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)化,進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)著WSNs的規(guī)�；蜕虡I(yè)化。WSNs也有著自身的缺點(diǎn),其中能量受限是最大的制約條件,所以在WSNs設(shè)計(jì)中,能量是優(yōu)先考慮的因素,如何節(jié)省單個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量消耗、均衡整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量消耗速率、最大化網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存時(shí)間是WSNs研究的重點(diǎn)。其中網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的路由策略對(duì)WSNs的生命周期有著重要影響,設(shè)計(jì)出能量高效的路由協(xié)議已經(jīng)成為國(guó)內(nèi)外各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)和研究熱點(diǎn),也同樣是本文研究的重點(diǎn)。本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括:(1)分析WSNs的研究現(xiàn)狀,明確該領(lǐng)域所涉及到的研究熱點(diǎn)、需要改進(jìn)的地方、難點(diǎn)和尚未解決的問(wèn)題,確定本文所研究的方案的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,并對(duì)該方案的發(fā)展前景和應(yīng)用效果進(jìn)行了大膽的預(yù)測(cè)和展望。(2)研究現(xiàn)有能量有效性路由算法對(duì)WSNs性能影響,分析總結(jié)它們各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)和缺點(diǎn)。前人提出的一些能量有效性路由算法,如Mini-Hops、LEACH、PEGASIS、TEEN、HEED等算法,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量效率等方面都有良好的表現(xiàn),但基于這些路由協(xié)議,會(huì)使得網(wǎng)絡(luò)中各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)負(fù)載差異大,從而導(dǎo)致能量消耗不均衡,因此需要設(shè)計(jì)出能夠保持全局網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量均衡消耗的路由算法,以滿(mǎn)足應(yīng)用需求。(3)討論現(xiàn)有的能量均衡路由算法,如EBRP、MAP、AEAP等算法,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出一種新的能量均衡路由算法——無(wú)環(huán)路能量均衡路由算法(A Hybrid Energy Balanced Loop-Free Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks,HEBR)。該算法通過(guò)構(gòu)建深度維度場(chǎng)、剩余能量維度場(chǎng)、能量密度維度場(chǎng),在各個(gè)維度場(chǎng)的綜合作用下選擇下一跳傳輸節(jié)點(diǎn),深度維度場(chǎng)將下一跳數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點(diǎn)限制在父節(jié)點(diǎn)和兄弟節(jié)點(diǎn)之間,剩余能量維度場(chǎng)有效保護(hù)能量較低的節(jié)點(diǎn),能量密度維度場(chǎng)用來(lái)驅(qū)使數(shù)據(jù)包總是向著能量密度大的區(qū)域傳送,可以有效實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)負(fù)載平衡、整網(wǎng)能源消耗均衡、網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)。同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了一種路由環(huán)路消除和冗余跳數(shù)減少的機(jī)制,可以確保在路由選擇過(guò)程中不會(huì)出現(xiàn)路由環(huán)路的情況,從而減少傳輸時(shí)延、避免不必要的能量消耗、提高傳輸可靠性。(4)在MATLAB平臺(tái)下,進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),分析仿真結(jié)果,進(jìn)行性能評(píng)價(jià)。與Mini-hops、EBRP算法相比,我們提出的HEBR算法在網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命、能量均衡性、傳輸時(shí)延等方面有更好的性能表現(xiàn),其中與Mini-hops算法相比,HEBR算法的網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命延長(zhǎng)了68.72%,解決了Mini-hops算法中“能量洞”的問(wèn)題;傳輸一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)包EBRP算法平均需要約9.1跳,而HEBR算法僅需要6.5跳,解決了EBRP算法中的路由環(huán)路和冗余跳數(shù)的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), as a new technology that will change the interaction between human beings and the physical world, has been widely used in civil and military fields, such as environmental monitoring, transportation monitoring, battlefield situational awareness.Public safety and smart home, etc.Especially with the industrialization of the Internet of things, the scale and commercialization of WSNs. WSNs also have their own shortcomings, among which energy limitation is the biggest constraint, so in the design of WSNs, energy is the priority factor.How to save the energy consumption of a single node, balance the energy consumption rate of the whole network, and maximize the network lifetime is the focus of WSNs research.The routing strategy of the network layer has an important impact on the life cycle of WSNs. The design of energy-efficient routing protocols has become the focus of attention and research in various fields at home and abroad, and also the focus of this paper.The main research contents of this paper include: (1) analyzing the current research situation of WSNs, making clear the research hotspot, improving place, difficult point and unsolved problem in this field, and determining the practical significance of the scheme studied in this paper.The development prospect and application effect of this scheme are predicted and forecasted. (2) the influence of the existing energy efficient routing algorithms on the performance of WSNs is studied, and their respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and summarized.Some energy efficient routing algorithms proposed by others, such as Mini-HopsLEACHPEGASISTERTEENHEED algorithm, have good performance in network energy efficiency, but based on these routing protocols, the load of each node in the network will vary greatly.Therefore, it is necessary to design a routing algorithm that can maintain the global network energy balance consumption to meet the application requirements. (3) discuss the existing energy balance routing algorithms, such as EBRPU MAPAEAP, etc.On this basis, a new energy equalization routing algorithm, A Hybrid Energy Balanced Loop-Free Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor networks, is proposed.By constructing depth dimension field, residual energy dimension field and energy density dimension field, the algorithm selects the next hop transmission node under the comprehensive action of each dimension field.The depth dimension field limits the next hop data forwarding node between the parent node and the sibling node. The remaining energy dimension field effectively protects the lower energy nodes, and the energy density dimension field is used to drive the packet to the region with high energy density.It can effectively balance the load of network nodes, balance the energy consumption of the whole network, and prolong the network running time.At the same time, a mechanism is designed to eliminate the routing loop and reduce the number of redundant hops, which can ensure that the routing loop will not occur in the course of routing, thus reducing the transmission delay and avoiding unnecessary energy consumption.Improving the transmission reliability. (4) on the MATLAB platform, the simulation experiments are carried out, the simulation results are analyzed, and the performance evaluation is carried out.Compared with the Mini-hops HEBR algorithm, the proposed HEBR algorithm has better performance in network lifetime, energy balance, transmission delay, etc.Compared with the Mini-hops algorithm, the network life of the Mini-hops algorithm is extended by 68.72, which solves the problem of "energy hole" in the Mini-hops algorithm. The average EBRP algorithm needs about 9.1 hops to transmit a packet, while the HEBR algorithm only needs 6.5 hops.The problem of routing loop and redundant hops in EBRP algorithm is solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1740284