本文選題：激光測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)　切入點(diǎn)：相干探測(cè)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文主要研究了相干激光測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)采用光纖接收時(shí)，光學(xué)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及各參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系及對(duì)系統(tǒng)接收能量的影響，分析了固定焦距的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)在目標(biāo)距離不同時(shí)對(duì)相干探測(cè)的影響，并進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了收發(fā)合置對(duì)探測(cè)的影響以及改變光學(xué)系統(tǒng)口徑和焦距對(duì)探測(cè)的影響。本論文的主要內(nèi)容有： 首先，簡(jiǎn)要介紹了激光測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)實(shí)現(xiàn)測(cè)風(fēng)的原理、相干探測(cè)的基本原理，建立了激光測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)方程和信噪比方程，討論了透射式和反射式天線以及收發(fā)合置和分置的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并利用幾何光學(xué)分析了物象位置與大小之間的關(guān)系。 然后，利用天線定理討論了激光測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)發(fā)射與接收光學(xué)系統(tǒng)各參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系，討論了采用光纖接收時(shí)對(duì)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的要求。分析了收發(fā)合置的工作原理，對(duì)比了空間合束與光纖合束的異同。接著研究了光學(xué)接收系統(tǒng)對(duì)不同距離目標(biāo)探測(cè)時(shí)，，對(duì)應(yīng)的最小光斑位置及大小的變化關(guān)系，并對(duì)光纖的接收效率和接收能量進(jìn)行分析。討論了光學(xué)接收系統(tǒng)口徑、相對(duì)孔徑、光纖接收器的數(shù)值孔徑以及光纖接收效率和能量之間的相互制約關(guān)系。然后通過(guò)ZEMAX進(jìn)一步分析了光學(xué)接收系統(tǒng)對(duì)光纖接收的影響，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了上述分析。 最后，進(jìn)行了相干激光測(cè)風(fēng)雷達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn)，得到了93m距離內(nèi)的硬目標(biāo)回波信號(hào)，實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了收發(fā)合置光學(xué)系統(tǒng)對(duì)探測(cè)的影響。通過(guò)拆掉二級(jí)擴(kuò)束鏡頭改變系統(tǒng)焦距及接收孔徑，實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了上述理論分析。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the relationship between the structure and parameters of the optical system and the influence on the receiving energy of the coherent lidar are studied. The influence of fixed focal length optical system on coherent detection at different target distance is analyzed, and relevant experiments are carried out. The influence of the transceiver combination on the detection and the influence of changing the aperture and focal length of the optical system on the detection are analyzed experimentally. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:. Firstly, the principle of wind measurement by laser wind measuring radar and the basic principle of coherent detection are briefly introduced. The equations of laser wind measurement radar and signal-to-noise ratio are established, and the advantages and disadvantages of transmission antenna, reflection antenna, transceiver combination and separation are discussed. The relationship between the position and the size of the object is analyzed by geometrical optics. Then, by using the antenna theorem, the relationship between the parameters of the transmitting and receiving optical system of the laser wind measuring radar is discussed, and the requirements for the optical system when the optical fiber is used are discussed. The working principle of the transceiver and receiver is analyzed. The similarities and differences between space beam and optical fiber beam are compared. Then, the relationship between the position and size of the minimum spot is studied when the optical receiving system detects the target at different distances. The receiving efficiency and energy of optical fiber are analyzed. The aperture and relative aperture of optical receiving system are discussed. The numerical aperture of the optical fiber receiver and the relationship between the efficiency and energy of the optical fiber receiver are restricted. The influence of the optical receiving system on the optical fiber receiver is further analyzed by ZEMAX, which further verifies the above analysis. Finally, the echo signal of hard target within 93 m distance is obtained by the experiment of coherent laser wind measuring radar. The influence of the transceiver optical system on the detection is analyzed experimentally. The focal length and the receiving aperture of the system are changed by removing the two-stage beam expander. The above theoretical analysis is verified by experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.98

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