本文選題：雷達(dá)　切入點：天線座　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：天線座軸系精度包括方位軸晃動誤差和俯仰軸與方位軸垂直度誤差[1]，主要由軸承跳動、結(jié)構(gòu)件制造誤差和結(jié)構(gòu)件變形等因素引起；同時，高精度軸系誤差的檢測技術(shù)也是保證高精度天線座產(chǎn)品實現(xiàn)的必要技術(shù)手段。開展天線座軸系精度分析，研究減小軸系誤差的設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)，研究提高軸系誤差檢測精度的方法，能夠?qū)Υ笮透呔壤走_(dá)天線座的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計提供支持和借鑒。本文從三個方面開展了這方面的分析研究： 首先介紹了天線座總體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計要點，介紹了天線座軸系結(jié)構(gòu)的組成和工作原理，分析了引起軸系誤差的原因以及常見軸系結(jié)構(gòu)的不足，提出了減小軸系誤差的軸系結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)設(shè)計，進(jìn)行了分析計算。分析了常見軸系誤差檢測方法的不足，通過諧波分析方法處理檢測數(shù)據(jù)，分離出各類軸系誤差，以提高檢測的精度。通過對實測數(shù)據(jù)的分析，驗證了改進(jìn)后軸系精度滿足技術(shù)指標(biāo)要求。 其次介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化設(shè)計的基本方法和原理，分析了傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計流程的不足，，基于拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化設(shè)計技術(shù)對傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計流程進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)，對天線座典型結(jié)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行了拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化計算，得到了優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)件形狀和材料分布，驗證了采用新的拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化設(shè)計流程開展天線座結(jié)構(gòu)概念設(shè)計和方案設(shè)計是可行的。 最后介紹了有限元法的基本概念和模態(tài)分析的基本理論，為了使仿真計算更加準(zhǔn)確，利用ANSYS Workbench Mechanical建立了可同時用于靜力分析和模態(tài)分析的完整的天線座有限元模型，采用鉸鏈單元模擬軸承，采用扭轉(zhuǎn)彈簧單元模擬減速器的扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度，采用軸向彈簧單元模擬齒輪副的嚙合剛度。這種模型既考慮了結(jié)構(gòu)件本身的剛度，又考慮了傳動系統(tǒng)的剛度�；谶@個模型對天線座結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了模態(tài)和靜力學(xué)計算，得到了各種工況下天線座結(jié)構(gòu)的強度、剛度和諧振頻率，分析了其對于天線座結(jié)構(gòu)精度的影響。
[Abstract]:The accuracy of antenna base shafting system includes azimuth axis sloshing error and pitch axis and azimuth axis perpendicularity error [1], which is mainly caused by bearing runout, structural component manufacturing error and structural deformation, etc. The detection technology of the high precision shafting error is also the necessary technical means to ensure the realization of the high precision antenna pedestal. The precision analysis of the antenna base shafting system is carried out, the design structure of reducing the shafting error is studied, and the method of improving the measuring accuracy of the shafting error is studied. It can provide support and reference for the structural design of large high-precision radar antenna pedestal. In this paper, three aspects of this analysis and research are carried out:. This paper first introduces the main points of the design of the overall structure of the antenna pedestal, introduces the composition and working principle of the shafting structure of the antenna pedestal, analyzes the causes of the shafting errors and the shortcomings of the common shafting structures. The improved design of shafting structure to reduce the error of shafting is put forward, and the analysis and calculation are carried out. The shortcomings of common methods for measuring shafting errors are analyzed. The detection data are processed by harmonic analysis method, and all kinds of shafting errors are separated out. Through the analysis of the measured data, it is verified that the improved shafting precision meets the technical requirements. Secondly, it introduces the basic methods and principles of structural topology optimization design, analyzes the shortcomings of traditional structural optimization design flow, and improves the traditional optimization design process based on topology optimization design technology. The topology optimization calculation of typical antenna pedestal is carried out, and the shape and material distribution of the optimized structure are obtained. It is proved that it is feasible to carry out conceptual design and scheme design of antenna pedestal structure by using the new topology optimization design flow. Finally, the basic concept of finite element method and the basic theory of modal analysis are introduced. In order to make the simulation calculation more accurate, a complete finite element model of antenna base is established by using ANSYS Workbench Mechanical, which can be used for both static and modal analysis. The bearing is simulated by hinge element, torsional spring element is used to simulate torsional stiffness of reducer, and axial spring element is used to simulate meshing stiffness of gear pair. The stiffness of the transmission system is also considered. Based on this model, the modal and static calculation of the antenna pedestal structure is carried out, and the strength, stiffness and resonant frequency of the antenna pedestal structure under various working conditions are obtained. The effect on the precision of antenna pedestal structure is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.2

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