本文選題：梳狀基片集成波導　切入點：漏波天線　出處：《北京交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：漏波天線是一類在工程上有著廣泛應用的行波天線。以往的研究中設計的漏波天線雖然性能良好,但由于使用封閉式波導結(jié)構(gòu)(體積大、加工成本高、難與平面電路集成)或者開放式平面導波結(jié)構(gòu)(存在寄生模式和表面波模式等問題,產(chǎn)生額外的電磁波輻射和交叉干擾)所帶來的諸多問題,限制了漏波天線進一步的發(fā)展與應用�；刹▽У某霈F(xiàn)不僅繼承了傳統(tǒng)波導結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)良傳輸性能,又兼有平面結(jié)構(gòu)的加工優(yōu)勢,于是迅速成為近年來的研究熱點,也為漏波天線的發(fā)展提供了新的機遇。而新型梳狀基片集成波導的出現(xiàn),又為平面導波結(jié)構(gòu)的研究開拓了一個新的方向。本文采用梳狀基片集成波導為基本結(jié)構(gòu)進行了漏波天線的設計,驗證了這種結(jié)構(gòu)用于天線設計的可行性,實際制作了天線并進行了測試；針對所設計天線副瓣較高的問題,本文還對該結(jié)構(gòu)進行了低副瓣設計,并分析了影響天線副瓣電平的因素。 本文主要工作和創(chuàng)新點： 1.基于梳狀基片集成波導結(jié)構(gòu),設計了長直縫隙漏波天線,并研究了它的回波損耗、方向圖、天線增益和相位常數(shù)等阻抗特性和輻射特性,分析了衰減常數(shù)與天線縫隙位移的關(guān)系；實際制作加工了天線實物,并進行測量,測試結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果吻合較好。這種基于梳狀基片集成波導結(jié)構(gòu)設計的漏波天線,利用微帶線代替了傳統(tǒng)基片集成波導中的金屬孔結(jié)構(gòu),簡化了加工工藝。 2.基于梳狀基片集成波導結(jié)構(gòu),設計了部分反射面漏波天線,并對它的S參數(shù)、口面場相位常數(shù),天線方向圖和實際增益等阻抗特性和輻射特性進行了研究,分析了衰減常數(shù)與天線部分反射面上梳狀微帶線間距的關(guān)系；實際制作加工了天線實物,并進行測量,測試結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果吻合較好。 3.基于梳狀基片集成波導結(jié)構(gòu),設計了圓極化縫隙陣列漏波天線。研究了縫隙單元的場強和相位特性,進而組成八單元縫隙陣列漏波天線,研究了其阻抗特性和輻射特性。所設計的圓極化漏波天線可以實現(xiàn)主波束垂直側(cè)射,并具有較大的軸比帶寬。 4.采用方向圖綜合法,設計了具有低副瓣特性的部分反射面漏波天線,分析了天線口面場分布以及梳狀微帶線對副瓣電平的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上進一步優(yōu)化了副瓣電平。
[Abstract]:Abstract: leaky wave antenna is a kind of traveling wave antenna which is widely used in engineering. Although the performance of the leaky wave antenna designed in the past research is good, it is due to the use of closed waveguide structure (large volume, high processing cost). Problems caused by difficulties in integrating with planar circuits or open plane guided wave structures (problems such as parasitic and surface wave modes, resulting in additional electromagnetic radiation and cross-interference), The appearance of substrate integrated waveguide not only inherits the excellent transmission performance of traditional waveguide structure, but also has the advantage of planar structure, so it has become a research hotspot in recent years. It also provides new opportunities for the development of leaky wave antennas. It also opens up a new direction for the study of planar guided wave structure. In this paper, the leaky wave antenna is designed using comb substrate integrated waveguide as the basic structure, and the feasibility of using this structure in antenna design is verified. In order to solve the problem of the high sidelobe of the antenna, the low sidelobe design is carried out, and the factors influencing the sidelobe level of the antenna are analyzed. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:. 1. Based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure, a long straight slot leaky wave antenna is designed, and its impedance and radiation characteristics such as echo loss, pattern, antenna gain and phase constant are studied. The relationship between the attenuation constant and the slot displacement of the antenna is analyzed, and the antenna object is fabricated and measured. The test results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The leaky wave antenna is designed based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure. The microstrip wire is used to replace the metal hole structure in the traditional substrate integrated waveguide, which simplifies the machining process. 2. Based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure, a partial reflective surface leaky wave antenna is designed, and its impedance and radiation characteristics, such as S parameter, phase constant of interface field, antenna pattern and actual gain, are studied. The relationship between the attenuation constant and the line spacing of comb microstrip on the reflector of the antenna is analyzed, and the antenna object is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. 3. Based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure, a circular polarized slot array leaky wave antenna is designed. The field intensity and phase characteristics of the slot element are studied, and the eight cell slot array leaky wave antenna is constructed. The impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna are studied. The circularly polarized leaky wave antenna can realize vertical sidelobe of the main beam and has a large axial ratio bandwidth. 4. Using the pattern synthesis method, a partial reflective surface leaky wave antenna with low sidelobe characteristics is designed. The field distribution of the antenna orifice and the influence of comb microstrip line on the sidelobe level are analyzed, and the sidelobe level is further optimized.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN820

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本文編號：1663362