本文選題：梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)　切入點(diǎn)：漏波天線(xiàn)　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：漏波天線(xiàn)是一類(lèi)在工程上有著廣泛應(yīng)用的行波天線(xiàn)。以往的研究中設(shè)計(jì)的漏波天線(xiàn)雖然性能良好,但由于使用封閉式波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)(體積大、加工成本高、難與平面電路集成)或者開(kāi)放式平面導(dǎo)波結(jié)構(gòu)(存在寄生模式和表面波模式等問(wèn)題,產(chǎn)生額外的電磁波輻射和交叉干擾)所帶來(lái)的諸多問(wèn)題,限制了漏波天線(xiàn)進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用�；刹▽�(dǎo)的出現(xiàn)不僅繼承了傳統(tǒng)波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)良傳輸性能,又兼有平面結(jié)構(gòu)的加工優(yōu)勢(shì),于是迅速成為近年來(lái)的研究熱點(diǎn),也為漏波天線(xiàn)的發(fā)展提供了新的機(jī)遇。而新型梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)的出現(xiàn),又為平面導(dǎo)波結(jié)構(gòu)的研究開(kāi)拓了一個(gè)新的方向。本文采用梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)為基本結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了漏波天線(xiàn)的設(shè)計(jì),驗(yàn)證了這種結(jié)構(gòu)用于天線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)的可行性,實(shí)際制作了天線(xiàn)并進(jìn)行了測(cè)試；針對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)天線(xiàn)副瓣較高的問(wèn)題,本文還對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了低副瓣設(shè)計(jì),并分析了影響天線(xiàn)副瓣電平的因素。 本文主要工作和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)： 1.基于梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了長(zhǎng)直縫隙漏波天線(xiàn),并研究了它的回波損耗、方向圖、天線(xiàn)增益和相位常數(shù)等阻抗特性和輻射特性,分析了衰減常數(shù)與天線(xiàn)縫隙位移的關(guān)系；實(shí)際制作加工了天線(xiàn)實(shí)物,并進(jìn)行測(cè)量,測(cè)試結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果吻合較好。這種基于梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的漏波天線(xiàn),利用微帶線(xiàn)代替了傳統(tǒng)基片集成波導(dǎo)中的金屬孔結(jié)構(gòu),簡(jiǎn)化了加工工藝。 2.基于梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了部分反射面漏波天線(xiàn),并對(duì)它的S參數(shù)、口面場(chǎng)相位常數(shù),天線(xiàn)方向圖和實(shí)際增益等阻抗特性和輻射特性進(jìn)行了研究,分析了衰減常數(shù)與天線(xiàn)部分反射面上梳狀微帶線(xiàn)間距的關(guān)系；實(shí)際制作加工了天線(xiàn)實(shí)物,并進(jìn)行測(cè)量,測(cè)試結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果吻合較好。 3.基于梳狀基片集成波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了圓極化縫隙陣列漏波天線(xiàn)。研究了縫隙單元的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)和相位特性,進(jìn)而組成八單元縫隙陣列漏波天線(xiàn),研究了其阻抗特性和輻射特性。所設(shè)計(jì)的圓極化漏波天線(xiàn)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)主波束垂直側(cè)射,并具有較大的軸比帶寬。 4.采用方向圖綜合法,設(shè)計(jì)了具有低副瓣特性的部分反射面漏波天線(xiàn),分析了天線(xiàn)口面場(chǎng)分布以及梳狀微帶線(xiàn)對(duì)副瓣電平的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化了副瓣電平。
[Abstract]:Abstract: leaky wave antenna is a kind of traveling wave antenna which is widely used in engineering. Although the performance of the leaky wave antenna designed in the past research is good, it is due to the use of closed waveguide structure (large volume, high processing cost). Problems caused by difficulties in integrating with planar circuits or open plane guided wave structures (problems such as parasitic and surface wave modes, resulting in additional electromagnetic radiation and cross-interference), The appearance of substrate integrated waveguide not only inherits the excellent transmission performance of traditional waveguide structure, but also has the advantage of planar structure, so it has become a research hotspot in recent years. It also provides new opportunities for the development of leaky wave antennas. It also opens up a new direction for the study of planar guided wave structure. In this paper, the leaky wave antenna is designed using comb substrate integrated waveguide as the basic structure, and the feasibility of using this structure in antenna design is verified. In order to solve the problem of the high sidelobe of the antenna, the low sidelobe design is carried out, and the factors influencing the sidelobe level of the antenna are analyzed. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:. 1. Based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure, a long straight slot leaky wave antenna is designed, and its impedance and radiation characteristics such as echo loss, pattern, antenna gain and phase constant are studied. The relationship between the attenuation constant and the slot displacement of the antenna is analyzed, and the antenna object is fabricated and measured. The test results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The leaky wave antenna is designed based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure. The microstrip wire is used to replace the metal hole structure in the traditional substrate integrated waveguide, which simplifies the machining process. 2. Based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure, a partial reflective surface leaky wave antenna is designed, and its impedance and radiation characteristics, such as S parameter, phase constant of interface field, antenna pattern and actual gain, are studied. The relationship between the attenuation constant and the line spacing of comb microstrip on the reflector of the antenna is analyzed, and the antenna object is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. 3. Based on the comb substrate integrated waveguide structure, a circular polarized slot array leaky wave antenna is designed. The field intensity and phase characteristics of the slot element are studied, and the eight cell slot array leaky wave antenna is constructed. The impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna are studied. The circularly polarized leaky wave antenna can realize vertical sidelobe of the main beam and has a large axial ratio bandwidth. 4. Using the pattern synthesis method, a partial reflective surface leaky wave antenna with low sidelobe characteristics is designed. The field distribution of the antenna orifice and the influence of comb microstrip line on the sidelobe level are analyzed, and the sidelobe level is further optimized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN820

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本文編號(hào)：1663362