本文選題：均勻圓陣　切入點：DOA　出處：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：空間譜估計在短波測向、無線電偵察、雷達(dá)目標(biāo)定位跟蹤、智能天線等領(lǐng)域有著重要的應(yīng)用。準(zhǔn)確的來波方向估計對提高通信系統(tǒng)容量和目標(biāo)探測均有著重要的意義。 與線陣相比，圓環(huán)陣列（圓陣）能夠提供360°全方位、無模糊的方位角估計，在各個方位上具有近似相同的分辨率，可以同時提供方位角和俯仰角二維角度估計，具有很大的優(yōu)越性，，更具有實用價值。本文主要對基于均勻圓陣的測向應(yīng)用算法進(jìn)行了研究。 均勻圓陣陣列結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性使得其陣列流型不具有線陣的范德蒙（Vandermonde）結(jié)構(gòu)，因而許多用于線陣的優(yōu)良算法無法直接應(yīng)用與圓陣，往往需要進(jìn)行預(yù)處理�；谙辔荒Ｊ郊畹牟ㄊ臻g變換算法是針對均勻圓陣所提出的一種有效的算法，通過波束空間變換可以將均勻圓陣的陣列流型變換成類似線陣的Vandermonde矩陣的形式，使得許多基于均勻線陣的優(yōu)良算法可以應(yīng)用于均勻圓陣�；诓ㄊ臻g變換的特征結(jié)構(gòu)類算法UCA-RB-MUSIC算法和UCA-ESPRIT算法給出了兩種非常有效的方位角和俯仰角二維角度估計方法。特別是UCA-ESPRIT算法，不需要譜峰搜索即可以得到閉合形式自動配對的二維角度估計，可以大大減小運算量。但兩種方法對二維相干信源的處理卻是無能為力的。對二維相干信源的處理，我們給出一種利用內(nèi)插變換結(jié)合空間平滑技術(shù)的解相干方法，該方法在給定的變換區(qū)域內(nèi)可以有效地對相干信源進(jìn)行分辨。 最后介紹了一種三通道譜估計測向方法，利用權(quán)微擾方法來獲得陣列的協(xié)方差矩陣，進(jìn)而利用特征結(jié)構(gòu)類算法估計來波方向。與傳統(tǒng)的基于陣元空間的多通道譜估計方法相比，該方法僅利用三個接收通道來完成譜估計測向，可以有效地節(jié)約系統(tǒng)硬件成本。計算機(jī)仿真結(jié)果表明該方法的估計結(jié)果更加穩(wěn)健有效。
[Abstract]:Spatial spectrum estimation has important applications in the fields of shortwave direction finding, radio reconnaissance, radar target location and tracking, smart antenna and so on. Accurate direction estimation of incoming wave is of great significance to improve the capacity of communication system and target detection. Compared with the linear array, the circular array (circular array) can provide 360 擄omnidirectional, non-fuzzy azimuth estimation, approximately the same resolution in each azimuth, and can simultaneously provide 2-D angle estimation of azimuth and pitch angle. It has great superiority and practical value. In this paper, the direction finding algorithm based on uniform circular array is studied. Because of the particularity of the uniform circular array structure, the flow pattern of the uniform circular array does not have the Vandermonde structure of the linear array, so many excellent algorithms for the linear array can not be directly applied to the circular array. The beamspace transform algorithm based on phase mode excitation is an effective algorithm for uniform circular array. By beamspace transformation, the array flow pattern of uniform circular array can be transformed into the form of Vandermonde matrix similar to linear array. So many excellent algorithms based on uniform linear array can be applied to uniform circular array. UCA-RB-MUSIC algorithm based on beamspace transformation and UCA-ESPRIT algorithm give two very effective two-dimensional angle estimation of azimuth and pitch angle. Method of calculation, especially UCA-ESPRIT algorithm, Without the need of spectral peak search, 2-D angle estimation with closed form automatic pairing can be obtained, which can greatly reduce the computational complexity. However, the two methods are powerless to deal with two-dimensional coherent sources, and the two methods can not deal with two-dimensional coherent sources. We present a method of decoherence using interpolation transform combined with spatial smoothing. This method can effectively distinguish coherent sources in a given transform region. Finally, a three-channel spectrum estimation method is introduced to obtain the covariance matrix of the array by using the weighted perturbation method. Compared with the traditional multichannel spectral estimation method based on array element space, the method uses only three receiving channels to estimate the direction of the spectrum. The computer simulation results show that the method is more robust and effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN911.7

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