本文選題：GNSS　切入點：互操作　出處：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院（國家授時中心）》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)（Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS）的發(fā)展，美國的GPS，俄羅斯的GLONASS，歐盟的Galileo和中國的北斗共同組成了四大衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)。多系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)與迅速發(fā)展使得系統(tǒng)間兼容互操作成為未來各系統(tǒng)和平共處、資源共享、加強(qiáng)市場競爭力和提升用戶服務(wù)質(zhì)量的必然手段。 GNSS互操作是以提高導(dǎo)航服務(wù)質(zhì)量為目的，以不顯著增加接收機(jī)研制成本為前提，通過系統(tǒng)間資源共用來實現(xiàn)的。不顯著增加接收機(jī)成本就應(yīng)盡可能降低和削弱系統(tǒng)間的差異性，系統(tǒng)間的差異性主要體現(xiàn)在幾個方面：時空參考架、電文、信號、星座。本文以GNSS互操作參數(shù)及信號性能研究為重點，展開了GNSS互操作的研究，主要研究內(nèi)容包括： 1、GNSS互操作參數(shù)研究 (1) GNSS互操作廣播星歷參數(shù)分析 時空坐標(biāo)參考架是衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)導(dǎo)航定位功能的基礎(chǔ)，各系統(tǒng)都設(shè)計了獨立的時空參考坐標(biāo)系。解決系統(tǒng)間時空參考系的差異是實現(xiàn)GNSS互操作的前提。本文對各系統(tǒng)的時空參考系進(jìn)行了分析對比，并提出了各系統(tǒng)時間參考框架應(yīng)歸一化到UTC，坐標(biāo)參考框架應(yīng)歸一化到ITRF的構(gòu)想，并介紹了各系統(tǒng)時間轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)，及使用布爾莎七參數(shù)模型進(jìn)行坐標(biāo)參考架歸一化的思想。另外，本文從偽距觀測方程入手，分析用戶從衛(wèi)星廣播星歷中所能獲得的星歷信息，對星上設(shè)備時延、鐘差、電離層延遲的修正方法及廣播星歷中的修正參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析研究。 (2) GNSS互操作廣播星歷精度分析 用戶從廣播星歷中獲取定位參數(shù)，不同的系統(tǒng)廣播星歷參數(shù)不同，那么，分析不同系統(tǒng)廣播星歷的精度對于提高用戶定位精度具有重要意義。本文提出了以系統(tǒng)的廣播星歷和IGS精密星歷之間的誤差作為GNSS多系統(tǒng)互操作下的衡量尺度，分析了GPS與北斗系統(tǒng)的廣播星歷軌道精度、廣播星歷鐘差精度。 (3) GNSS互操作星座GDOP值分析 另外，本文對GNSS互操作星座GDOP值進(jìn)行了分析，選取了五個地點作為參考點，進(jìn)行了單系統(tǒng)與多系統(tǒng)下的GDOP值對比分析。此研究為GNSS互操作用戶提供了一把標(biāo)尺，為解決系統(tǒng)間差異性提供了研究思路，對于提高用戶服務(wù)精度具有重要意義。 2、GNSS互操作信號研究 (1) GNSS互操作信號性能分析 導(dǎo)航信號是衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航定位技術(shù)中的關(guān)鍵因素，也是目前國內(nèi)外互操作學(xué)者的研究熱點，互操作信號的選取及性能直接決定了未來GNSS互操作服務(wù)性能。鑒于美國GPS系統(tǒng)和歐盟Galileo系統(tǒng)已將MBOC信號作為雙方進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)間互操作的共同設(shè)計基線，并且在GPS系統(tǒng)發(fā)展成熟及應(yīng)用廣泛的大背景下，MBOC信號很有可能作為未來全球GNSS互操作信號。因此，對MBOC信號的互操作性能進(jìn)行分析是非常有必要的。本文介紹了MBOC信號的基本原理，，分析了歐美互操作信號TMBOC及CBOC的相關(guān)特性、跟蹤精度、多徑誤差等性能。 (2) GNSS互操作信號抗干擾性能分析 GNSS互操作為用戶帶來的最直觀的效應(yīng)便是空間可視衛(wèi)星數(shù)目的增多，導(dǎo)航信號分布密集。而GNSS互操作是一個多系統(tǒng)空間資源共用的過程，需要聯(lián)合使用空間多個信號進(jìn)行導(dǎo)航定位，因此，分析互操作信號的抗干擾性能對于用戶獲取高精度的服務(wù)是十分重要的。本文從信號的頻譜分離系數(shù)（SSC）、干擾系數(shù)、碼跟蹤誤差增量等方面對信號的干擾性能進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS) the development of the American GPS, the Russian GLONASS, European Galileo and Chinese composed of four Beidou satellite navigation system. The construction of multi system and the rapid development of the inter system interoperability has become the future compatible system of peaceful coexistence, resource sharing, strengthen the the market competitiveness and the inevitable means to enhance the service quality of the users.
GNSS interoperability is to improve the quality of service for the purpose of navigation, the receiver does not significantly increase the cost of development as the premise, through the realization of system resources used. Without significantly increasing the receiver cost should be reduce and weaken the differences between systems as much as possible, the difference between systems is mainly reflected in several aspects: spatial reference frame that message, signal constellation. Based on the research of GNSS interoperability parameters and signal performance as the key of GNSS interoperability, the main research contents include:
1, research on Interoperability parameters of GNSS
(1) analysis of the parameters of GNSS interoperable broadcast ephemeris
Coordinate reference frame is based on satellite navigation system to realize the navigation function, the system is designed with independent space-time reference coordinate system. To solve the differences between systems space-time reference systems is a prerequisite for GNSS interoperability. Space-time reference systems of the systems based on the analysis, and put forward the system time reference the framework should be normalized to UTC, coordinate reference frame should be normalized to the idea of ITRF, and introduces the system time conversion parameters, and using Boolean Shakespeare seven parameter model of coordinate reference frame normalization thought. In addition, this article from the pseudo range observation equation, analysis the user from the satellite broadcast ephemeris in available ephemeris information. The satellite equipment delay, clock error correction parameter correction method of ionospheric delay and broadcast ephemeris in were analyzed.
(2) precision analysis of GNSS interoperable broadcast ephemeris
The user get the positioning parameters from the broadcast ephemeris, the broadcast ephemeris parameters of different system, so the analysis of different system of broadcast ephemeris precision has an important significance for improving the positioning accuracy of the user. This paper proposes to broadcast ephemeris and precise ephemeris IGS system error as the interoperability of GNSS system under the measure of the broadcast ephemeris orbit accuracy of GPS and Beidou system analysis, broadcast ephemeris, clock precision.
(3) GDOP value analysis of GNSS interoperable constellation
In addition, the GNSS interoperability constellation GDOP were analysed, selected five sites as a reference point for a single system and multi system GDOP value under comparative analysis. The research of GNSS interoperability provides users with a ruler, to resolve differences between provided research ideas, is important for improve customer service precision.
2, GNSS interoperable signal research
(1) performance analysis of GNSS interoperable signal
The navigation signal is a key factor in satellite navigation and positioning technology, is currently the research focus of scholars interoperability, interoperability signal selection and performance directly determines the future of GNSS interoperability service performance. In view of the United States and the European Union GPS system Galileo system has a MBOC signal as both the common design baseline system interoperability. And in the GPS system development and wide application background, MBOC signal as a potential future global GNSS interoperability signal. Therefore, the signal of MBOC interoperability analysis is very necessary. This paper introduces the basic principle of MBOC signal, analyzes the characteristics and interoperability of TMBOC and signal CBOC tracking accuracy, multipath error and performance.
(2) anti-interference performance analysis of GNSS interoperable signal
GNSS interoperability as to bring the most intuitive effect is to increase the number of visible satellites in space, navigation signal distribution intensive. GNSS interoperability is a process of system resource sharing space, need to use a combination of space navigation, a plurality of signal so that the anti-jamming performance analysis interoperability signal is very important for users to obtain high precision service. This paper from the spectral separation coefficients (SSC) signal, interference coefficient, code tracking error and interference on the performance of the incremental signal are analyzed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（國家授時中心）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN96.1

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