本文選題：高速鐵路　切入點(diǎn)：無(wú)線通信　出處：《西華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)鐵路主管部門(mén)于2000年正式確定并全面引入歐洲GSM-R技術(shù)進(jìn)行組網(wǎng)建設(shè)以來(lái),截至2013年底,我國(guó)高速鐵路營(yíng)業(yè)里程己經(jīng)達(dá)到1萬(wàn)多公里,已成為世界上高鐵系統(tǒng)技術(shù)最全、集成能力最強(qiáng)、運(yùn)營(yíng)速度最高、運(yùn)營(yíng)里程最長(zhǎng)、在建規(guī)模最大的國(guó)家。GSM-R網(wǎng)絡(luò)的運(yùn)用也隨之廣泛應(yīng)用。但隨著電信、聯(lián)通、移動(dòng)等運(yùn)營(yíng)商網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不斷發(fā)展、網(wǎng)絡(luò)密度的增加、低成本設(shè)備的使用(指標(biāo)劣化嚴(yán)重),以及其他無(wú)線設(shè)施的廣泛應(yīng)用(甚至非法使用),使得鐵路GSM-R網(wǎng)絡(luò)周邊電磁環(huán)境日益復(fù)雜,存在從少數(shù)幾個(gè)熱點(diǎn)到全線路擴(kuò)散的趨勢(shì)。非法電磁環(huán)境嚴(yán)重干擾了正常的高鐵運(yùn)營(yíng)秩序、危及行車(chē)安全,甚至對(duì)鐵路形象造成較大的負(fù)面影響。鐵路局,特別是有高鐵運(yùn)營(yíng)維護(hù)任務(wù)的鐵路局,更是迫切需要對(duì)GSM-R網(wǎng)絡(luò)周邊電磁干擾進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、定位,保持GSM-R網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)良好的電磁環(huán)境,同時(shí)對(duì)鐵塔狀態(tài)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),從而保持鐵路無(wú)線通信設(shè)備正常運(yùn)用、行車(chē)安全有效,在這樣一個(gè)背景下,研究開(kāi)發(fā)一套GSM-R實(shí)時(shí)干擾監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)成為必要。本文在該系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)中主要對(duì)GSM-R網(wǎng)絡(luò)在線干擾監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,并對(duì)該技術(shù)進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)干擾監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)及實(shí)時(shí)性的研究,主要是通過(guò)前端設(shè)備對(duì)GSM-R上行頻率為885 MHz~889 MHz、下行頻率為930 MHz~934 MHz,共8M帶寬內(nèi)的信號(hào),包括該帶寬內(nèi)運(yùn)營(yíng)商(中國(guó)移動(dòng),中國(guó)聯(lián)通,中國(guó)電信)的信號(hào)進(jìn)行不間斷、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間實(shí)時(shí)在線式的連續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)收集、頻譜掃描和分析,在基站實(shí)時(shí)偵測(cè)和撲捉(24小時(shí))并記錄、存儲(chǔ)所有的接收信號(hào),采用同步信號(hào)解析的方法解調(diào)和分離干擾信號(hào)和GSM-R信號(hào)并加以測(cè)量,得出干擾信號(hào)的強(qiáng)度和方向,角度,利用天線的方向的指向性等特性,采用多維定向,再置于兩個(gè)基站同時(shí)定位確認(rèn)干擾源位置,以實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)警和告警。在試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證中,采用干擾測(cè)試機(jī)進(jìn)行模擬范圍干擾,然后使用便攜式頻譜儀進(jìn)行掃描,和該系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)掃描結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對(duì),以驗(yàn)證在中心平臺(tái)(軟件界面)收集到的上下行頻譜段中的有效信號(hào)、干擾信號(hào),其總體幅度與頻譜儀所測(cè)是否保持一致,最終確定系統(tǒng)是否可實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)得現(xiàn)場(chǎng)頻譜。通過(guò)以上對(duì)GSM-R在線干擾監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的研究及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,證實(shí)了在該技術(shù)支撐下的系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定可靠、能實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)GSM-R頻段內(nèi)的干擾信號(hào),能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電磁環(huán)境情況進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)督和判斷,且本系統(tǒng)排查干擾的過(guò)程無(wú)需關(guān)閉GSM-R基站,不會(huì)對(duì)鐵路的正常運(yùn)營(yíng)和安全造成影響,克服以往人工在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)守候撲捉干擾效率低和準(zhǔn)確率低的問(wèn)題,提升了基層單位日常維護(hù)工作效率,創(chuàng)造了較好的安全效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,具有良好的推廣應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Since 2000, when the competent railway authorities of our country formally confirmed and fully introduced European GSM-R technology for networking construction, as of end of 2013, the operating mileage of China's high-speed railway has reached more than 10,000 kilometers, which has become the most complete high-speed rail system technology in the world. The most powerful integration capability, the highest operating speed, the longest mileage, the largest scale of construction in the country, GSM-R network is also widely used. However, with the continuous development of telecom, Unicom, mobile and other operator networks, the network density increases. The use of low-cost equipment (severe deterioration of indicators, and widespread (or even illegal) use of other wireless facilities has made the electromagnetic environment around the railway GSM-R network increasingly complex. There is a trend from a few hot spots to the spread of the whole line. The illegal electromagnetic environment seriously interferes with the normal order of high-speed rail operation, endangers the safety of the train, and even causes a greater negative impact on the image of the railway. In particular, the railway bureau, which has the task of high-speed railway operation and maintenance, urgently needs to monitor and locate the electromagnetic interference around the GSM-R network in real time, so as to maintain a good electromagnetic environment for the operation of the GSM-R network, and at the same time to monitor the status of the iron tower in real time. In order to maintain the normal operation of railway wireless communication equipment and the safety and efficiency of driving, under such a background, It is necessary to research and develop a set of GSM-R real-time jamming monitoring system. In this paper, the on-line interference monitoring technology of GSM-R network is studied. The research of network interference monitoring technology and real-time performance is mainly that the uplink frequency of GSM-R is 885 MHz~889 MHz, the downlink frequency is 930 MHz~934 MHz, and the signal of 8M bandwidth is the downlink frequency of 930 MHz~934 MHz. Including continuous, real-time, on-line monitoring, network data collection, spectrum scanning and analysis of signals from operators (China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom) within the bandwidth. Real time detection and capture at the base station for 24 hours) and recording, storing all the received signals, demodulating and separating the interference signals and GSM-R signals by the method of synchronous signal analysis and measuring them, the intensity, direction and angle of the interference signals are obtained. In order to realize early warning and alarm, using the directional characteristic of antenna and multi-dimensional orientation, the interference source is located and confirmed by two base stations at the same time. In the test and verification, the interference testing machine is used to simulate the range interference. Then the portable spectrometer is used to scan and compare with the real-time scanning results of the system to verify the effective signals and interference signals collected in the upper and lower spectrum segments of the central platform (software interface). The overall amplitude of the system is consistent with that measured by the spectrometer, and it is determined whether the system can measure the field spectrum in real time. Through the above research on GSM-R on-line interference monitoring technology and field test verification, It is proved that the system under the support of this technology works stably and reliably, can monitor the interference signal in the GSM-R frequency band in real time, can realize the remote supervision and judgment of the electromagnetic environment, and the system does not need to close the GSM-R base station in the process of detecting the interference. It will not affect the normal operation and safety of the railway, overcome the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy rate in the past, improve the daily maintenance efficiency of grass-roots units, and create better safety and economic benefits. It has a good prospect of popularization and application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：1594823