本文選題：高速鐵路　切入點：無線通信　出處：《西華大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國鐵路主管部門于2000年正式確定并全面引入歐洲GSM-R技術進行組網建設以來,截至2013年底,我國高速鐵路營業(yè)里程己經達到1萬多公里,已成為世界上高鐵系統(tǒng)技術最全、集成能力最強、運營速度最高、運營里程最長、在建規(guī)模最大的國家。GSM-R網絡的運用也隨之廣泛應用。但隨著電信、聯通、移動等運營商網絡的不斷發(fā)展、網絡密度的增加、低成本設備的使用(指標劣化嚴重),以及其他無線設施的廣泛應用(甚至非法使用),使得鐵路GSM-R網絡周邊電磁環(huán)境日益復雜,存在從少數幾個熱點到全線路擴散的趨勢。非法電磁環(huán)境嚴重干擾了正常的高鐵運營秩序、危及行車安全,甚至對鐵路形象造成較大的負面影響。鐵路局,特別是有高鐵運營維護任務的鐵路局,更是迫切需要對GSM-R網絡周邊電磁干擾進行實時監(jiān)測、定位,保持GSM-R網絡運營良好的電磁環(huán)境,同時對鐵塔狀態(tài)進行實時監(jiān)測,從而保持鐵路無線通信設備正常運用、行車安全有效,在這樣一個背景下,研究開發(fā)一套GSM-R實時干擾監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)成為必要。本文在該系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)中主要對GSM-R網絡在線干擾監(jiān)測技術進行了研究,并對該技術進行了試驗驗證。對網絡干擾監(jiān)測技術及實時性的研究,主要是通過前端設備對GSM-R上行頻率為885 MHz~889 MHz、下行頻率為930 MHz~934 MHz,共8M帶寬內的信號,包括該帶寬內運營商(中國移動,中國聯通,中國電信)的信號進行不間斷、長時間實時在線式的連續(xù)監(jiān)測、網絡數據收集、頻譜掃描和分析,在基站實時偵測和撲捉(24小時)并記錄、存儲所有的接收信號,采用同步信號解析的方法解調和分離干擾信號和GSM-R信號并加以測量,得出干擾信號的強度和方向,角度,利用天線的方向的指向性等特性,采用多維定向,再置于兩個基站同時定位確認干擾源位置,以實現預警和告警。在試驗驗證中,采用干擾測試機進行模擬范圍干擾,然后使用便攜式頻譜儀進行掃描,和該系統(tǒng)實時掃描結果進行比對,以驗證在中心平臺(軟件界面)收集到的上下行頻譜段中的有效信號、干擾信號,其總體幅度與頻譜儀所測是否保持一致,最終確定系統(tǒng)是否可實時測得現場頻譜。通過以上對GSM-R在線干擾監(jiān)測技術的研究及現場試驗驗證,證實了在該技術支撐下的系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定可靠、能實時監(jiān)測GSM-R頻段內的干擾信號,能實現對電磁環(huán)境情況進行遠程監(jiān)督和判斷,且本系統(tǒng)排查干擾的過程無需關閉GSM-R基站,不會對鐵路的正常運營和安全造成影響,克服以往人工在現場守候撲捉干擾效率低和準確率低的問題,提升了基層單位日常維護工作效率,創(chuàng)造了較好的安全效益和經濟效益,具有良好的推廣應用前景。
[Abstract]:Since 2000, when the competent railway authorities of our country formally confirmed and fully introduced European GSM-R technology for networking construction, as of end of 2013, the operating mileage of China's high-speed railway has reached more than 10,000 kilometers, which has become the most complete high-speed rail system technology in the world. The most powerful integration capability, the highest operating speed, the longest mileage, the largest scale of construction in the country, GSM-R network is also widely used. However, with the continuous development of telecom, Unicom, mobile and other operator networks, the network density increases. The use of low-cost equipment (severe deterioration of indicators, and widespread (or even illegal) use of other wireless facilities has made the electromagnetic environment around the railway GSM-R network increasingly complex. There is a trend from a few hot spots to the spread of the whole line. The illegal electromagnetic environment seriously interferes with the normal order of high-speed rail operation, endangers the safety of the train, and even causes a greater negative impact on the image of the railway. In particular, the railway bureau, which has the task of high-speed railway operation and maintenance, urgently needs to monitor and locate the electromagnetic interference around the GSM-R network in real time, so as to maintain a good electromagnetic environment for the operation of the GSM-R network, and at the same time to monitor the status of the iron tower in real time. In order to maintain the normal operation of railway wireless communication equipment and the safety and efficiency of driving, under such a background, It is necessary to research and develop a set of GSM-R real-time jamming monitoring system. In this paper, the on-line interference monitoring technology of GSM-R network is studied. The research of network interference monitoring technology and real-time performance is mainly that the uplink frequency of GSM-R is 885 MHz~889 MHz, the downlink frequency is 930 MHz~934 MHz, and the signal of 8M bandwidth is the downlink frequency of 930 MHz~934 MHz. Including continuous, real-time, on-line monitoring, network data collection, spectrum scanning and analysis of signals from operators (China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom) within the bandwidth. Real time detection and capture at the base station for 24 hours) and recording, storing all the received signals, demodulating and separating the interference signals and GSM-R signals by the method of synchronous signal analysis and measuring them, the intensity, direction and angle of the interference signals are obtained. In order to realize early warning and alarm, using the directional characteristic of antenna and multi-dimensional orientation, the interference source is located and confirmed by two base stations at the same time. In the test and verification, the interference testing machine is used to simulate the range interference. Then the portable spectrometer is used to scan and compare with the real-time scanning results of the system to verify the effective signals and interference signals collected in the upper and lower spectrum segments of the central platform (software interface). The overall amplitude of the system is consistent with that measured by the spectrometer, and it is determined whether the system can measure the field spectrum in real time. Through the above research on GSM-R on-line interference monitoring technology and field test verification, It is proved that the system under the support of this technology works stably and reliably, can monitor the interference signal in the GSM-R frequency band in real time, can realize the remote supervision and judgment of the electromagnetic environment, and the system does not need to close the GSM-R base station in the process of detecting the interference. It will not affect the normal operation and safety of the railway, overcome the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy rate in the past, improve the daily maintenance efficiency of grass-roots units, and create better safety and economic benefits. It has a good prospect of popularization and application.
【學位授予單位】：西華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

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本文編號：1594823