本文選題：水下射頻通信　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)形天線　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水下無線通信技術(shù)對于潛航器通信、水下數(shù)據(jù)收集、水下信息交互及水下傳感網(wǎng)至關(guān)重要。隨著社會的發(fā)展，海洋開發(fā)對水下通信技術(shù)也提出了更高的要求。在渾濁、嘈雜的淺海環(huán)境中，受信噪比小、通信速率低、延遲大、多徑效應(yīng)等因素的影響，水聲通信技術(shù)無法達(dá)到理想效果；而激光通信由于水質(zhì)混濁、對準(zhǔn)要求較高的原因，應(yīng)用也受到極大限制。 在近距惡劣的水下環(huán)境中，電磁波的傳播受到的影響卻很小。因此本文對水下無線射頻通信技術(shù)進(jìn)行了探討，以期在近距的水下環(huán)境中，實(shí)現(xiàn)高速平穩(wěn)的通信。 首先，本文研究了平面電磁波在海水中的傳播特性。通過理論推導(dǎo)，總結(jié)了電磁場的傳播速度、波長與頻率、電導(dǎo)率的關(guān)系，研究了電磁場在傳播過程中的衰減規(guī)律及能量組成。 其次，本文在理論與仿真這兩方面，充分分析了水下電偶極子和磁偶極子。針對水下高電導(dǎo)率、高損耗的特點(diǎn)，推導(dǎo)了水下電偶、磁偶極子的輻射場，對這兩種偶極子輻射的能量組成進(jìn)行仿真，得出磁偶極子更適用于水下無線射頻通信的結(jié)論。 最后，研究了環(huán)形天線的線徑、匝數(shù)、環(huán)徑對天線性能的影響，對小環(huán)天線進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化，得到了合適的天線結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，并利用制作的環(huán)形天線，在對天線阻抗匹配的基礎(chǔ)上，，進(jìn)行實(shí)際的水下射頻傳輸實(shí)驗(yàn)，測量了2米內(nèi)電磁衰減與距離的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Underwater wireless communication technology is very important for underwater communication, underwater data collection, underwater information exchange and underwater sensor network. With the development of society, the development of ocean has put forward higher requirements for underwater communication technology. In the noisy shallow sea environment, the underwater acoustic communication technology can not achieve the ideal effect due to the influence of small signal-to-noise ratio, low communication rate, large delay, multipath effect, etc. Applications are also severely restricted. The propagation of electromagnetic wave is very small in the environment of short distance, so this paper discusses the technology of underwater radio frequency communication in order to realize high speed and steady communication in the near distance underwater environment. Firstly, the propagation characteristics of plane electromagnetic wave in sea water are studied. The relationship among the velocity, wavelength, frequency and conductivity of electromagnetic field is summarized by theoretical derivation. The attenuation law and energy composition of electromagnetic field during propagation are studied. Secondly, in theory and simulation, the underwater electric dipole and magnetic dipole are fully analyzed. According to the characteristics of high conductivity and high loss under water, the radiation field of underwater electric dipole and magnetic dipole is deduced. The energy composition of the two dipole radiation is simulated and the conclusion that magnetic dipole is more suitable for underwater radio frequency communication is obtained. Finally, the effects of ring diameter, turn number and ring diameter on the antenna performance are studied. The small ring antenna is optimized and the appropriate antenna structure parameters are obtained. Based on the impedance matching of the antenna, the ring antenna is fabricated. The relation between electromagnetic attenuation and distance within 2 meters is measured by the actual underwater RF transmission experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.3

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