本文選題：無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)　切入點(diǎn)：網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)（Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs）是由大量的靜止或移動(dòng)的傳感器以自組織和多跳的方式構(gòu)成的無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。由于其具有部署簡(jiǎn)單、布置密集、低成本和無(wú)需現(xiàn)場(chǎng)維護(hù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因而被廣泛用于國(guó)防軍事、環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、交通管理、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、反恐抗災(zāi)等領(lǐng)域。 在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，為保證無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量，會(huì)在目標(biāo)監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域內(nèi)部署大量的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)，這種部署方式會(huì)造成節(jié)點(diǎn)間的冗余、信道沖突，，嚴(yán)重影響無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期。因此，如何在不影響網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性、覆蓋率等網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)質(zhì)量的情況下延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期成無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究的重點(diǎn)。目前最常見(jiàn)也是最直接的解決方法就是節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠調(diào)度方法，即利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)部署的冗余性，通過(guò)保持冗余節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠，節(jié)省節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗，延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題，借鑒已有的節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠調(diào)度方法，本文開(kāi)展了以下研究： 首先，提出基于網(wǎng)格劃分的節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠調(diào)度方法。該方法利用網(wǎng)格劃分調(diào)度策略，對(duì)給定目標(biāo)區(qū)域大小和節(jié)點(diǎn)通信半徑的網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行劃分，以保證網(wǎng)格間傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的連通性；在此基礎(chǔ)上，執(zhí)行網(wǎng)格內(nèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠調(diào)度機(jī)制，延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。 然后，提出基于容忍覆蓋的混合無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠調(diào)度方法。該方法根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)的感知半徑與通信半徑，確定各類(lèi)型節(jié)點(diǎn)冗余度表；隨后根據(jù)冗余度表和鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)計(jì)算出每類(lèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)的冗余度，并將其與目標(biāo)覆蓋率進(jìn)行比較得到冗余節(jié)點(diǎn)判斷法則；最后根據(jù)該法則關(guān)閉冗余節(jié)點(diǎn)、實(shí)現(xiàn)延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期的目的。 最后，針對(duì)不同的參數(shù)進(jìn)行了大量的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明本文提出的兩種節(jié)點(diǎn)休眠調(diào)度方法能夠有效地降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量消耗，延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a wireless network composed of a large number of static or mobile sensors in a self-organized and multi-hop manner. It has the advantages of simple deployment, dense arrangement, low cost and no need for on-site maintenance. Therefore, it is widely used in defense, military, environmental monitoring, traffic management, health, anti-terrorism and other fields. In practical applications, in order to ensure the quality of service of wireless sensor networks, a large number of sensor nodes will be deployed in the target monitoring area, which will result in redundant nodes and channel conflicts. Seriously affect the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, how to do without affecting network connectivity, The most common and direct solution for wireless sensor networks is to extend the life cycle of wireless sensor networks under the condition of network coverage and other QoS. The most common and direct solution is node dormancy scheduling, that is, using the redundancy of network deployment. By keeping redundant nodes dormant, saving energy consumption and prolonging the network life cycle, the following researches are carried out in this paper, aiming at the above problems and referring to the existing node dormancy scheduling methods:. Firstly, a node dormancy scheduling method based on grid partitioning is proposed, which uses the grid partition scheduling strategy to partition the network with given target area size and node communication radius, so as to ensure the connectivity of sensor nodes between grids. On this basis, the grid node sleep scheduling mechanism is implemented to prolong the network life cycle. Then, a hybrid wireless sensor network node sleep scheduling method based on tolerance coverage is proposed, which determines the redundancy tables of each type of nodes according to the node's perceptual radius and communication radius. Then, the redundancy degree of each class of nodes is calculated according to the redundancy table and the number of neighbor nodes, and compared with the target coverage, the judgment rule of redundant nodes is obtained. Finally, the redundant nodes are closed according to this rule. The purpose of prolonging the network life cycle is realized. Finally, a large number of simulation experiments are carried out for different parameters. The experimental results show that the two node sleep scheduling methods proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network and prolong the network life cycle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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