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  本文選題：無線傳感器網絡　切入點：網絡生命周期　出處：《燕山大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網絡（Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs）是由大量的靜止或移動的傳感器以自組織和多跳的方式構成的無線網絡。由于其具有部署簡單、布置密集、低成本和無需現(xiàn)場維護等優(yōu)點，因而被廣泛用于國防軍事、環(huán)境監(jiān)測、交通管理、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、反恐抗災等領域。 在實際應用中，為保證無線傳感器網絡的服務質量，會在目標監(jiān)測區(qū)域內部署大量的傳感器節(jié)點，這種部署方式會造成節(jié)點間的冗余、信道沖突，，嚴重影響無線傳感器網絡的生命周期。因此，如何在不影響網絡連通性、覆蓋率等網絡服務質量的情況下延長網絡生命周期成無線傳感器網絡研究的重點。目前最常見也是最直接的解決方法就是節(jié)點休眠調度方法，即利用網絡部署的冗余性，通過保持冗余節(jié)點休眠，節(jié)省節(jié)點能耗，延長網絡生命周期。針對上述問題，借鑒已有的節(jié)點休眠調度方法，本文開展了以下研究： 首先，提出基于網格劃分的節(jié)點休眠調度方法。該方法利用網格劃分調度策略，對給定目標區(qū)域大小和節(jié)點通信半徑的網絡進行劃分，以保證網格間傳感器節(jié)點的連通性；在此基礎上，執(zhí)行網格內節(jié)點休眠調度機制，延長網絡生命周期。 然后，提出基于容忍覆蓋的混合無線傳感器網絡節(jié)點休眠調度方法。該方法根據節(jié)點的感知半徑與通信半徑，確定各類型節(jié)點冗余度表；隨后根據冗余度表和鄰居節(jié)點數計算出每類節(jié)點的冗余度，并將其與目標覆蓋率進行比較得到冗余節(jié)點判斷法則；最后根據該法則關閉冗余節(jié)點、實現(xiàn)延長網絡生命周期的目的。 最后，針對不同的參數進行了大量的仿真實驗，實驗結果表明本文提出的兩種節(jié)點休眠調度方法能夠有效地降低網絡的能量消耗，延長網絡生命周期。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a wireless network composed of a large number of static or mobile sensors in a self-organized and multi-hop manner. It has the advantages of simple deployment, dense arrangement, low cost and no need for on-site maintenance. Therefore, it is widely used in defense, military, environmental monitoring, traffic management, health, anti-terrorism and other fields. In practical applications, in order to ensure the quality of service of wireless sensor networks, a large number of sensor nodes will be deployed in the target monitoring area, which will result in redundant nodes and channel conflicts. Seriously affect the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, how to do without affecting network connectivity, The most common and direct solution for wireless sensor networks is to extend the life cycle of wireless sensor networks under the condition of network coverage and other QoS. The most common and direct solution is node dormancy scheduling, that is, using the redundancy of network deployment. By keeping redundant nodes dormant, saving energy consumption and prolonging the network life cycle, the following researches are carried out in this paper, aiming at the above problems and referring to the existing node dormancy scheduling methods:. Firstly, a node dormancy scheduling method based on grid partitioning is proposed, which uses the grid partition scheduling strategy to partition the network with given target area size and node communication radius, so as to ensure the connectivity of sensor nodes between grids. On this basis, the grid node sleep scheduling mechanism is implemented to prolong the network life cycle. Then, a hybrid wireless sensor network node sleep scheduling method based on tolerance coverage is proposed, which determines the redundancy tables of each type of nodes according to the node's perceptual radius and communication radius. Then, the redundancy degree of each class of nodes is calculated according to the redundancy table and the number of neighbor nodes, and compared with the target coverage, the judgment rule of redundant nodes is obtained. Finally, the redundant nodes are closed according to this rule. The purpose of prolonging the network life cycle is realized. Finally, a large number of simulation experiments are carried out for different parameters. The experimental results show that the two node sleep scheduling methods proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network and prolong the network life cycle.
【學位授予單位】：燕山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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