本文關鍵詞： 天線罩 通風 仿真 優(yōu)化　出處：《西安電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：大型雷達天線罩作為對雷達天線的一個有效保護手段,被世界上大多數(shù)國家廣泛采用。其在我國也得到了越來越多的應用,尤其是在自然環(huán)境比較惡劣的地區(qū),保證了雷達的全天候工作,在國家的經(jīng)濟建設和國防事業(yè)中起到了重要的作用。但是,雷達天線罩在保護雷達的同時,也帶來了一些負面影響,如使雷達罩內(nèi)外空氣隔絕,阻礙了雷達的散熱、導致雷達設備的壽命縮短和測量精度降低等問題。如何克服雷達天線罩的散熱問題成為需要迫切解決的問題。本文結(jié)合某型雷達天線罩通風實例,利用傳熱基礎理論對天線雷達罩內(nèi)部熱交換形式和提高熱交換效率進行了研究,并采用數(shù)值仿真對雷達天線罩系統(tǒng)的通風方案進行了仿真計算。主要研究成果為:1.分析了雷達天線罩內(nèi)存在的熱交換形式。根據(jù)雷達天線罩所處的自然環(huán)境和工作環(huán)境,分析了對其溫度影響較大的幾種因素,如午間太陽照射、天線罩吸收雷達電磁波輻射產(chǎn)熱、雷達天線和其它工作部件在工作過程中的產(chǎn)熱等,并研究了用熱傳導、熱對流理論對其進行的計算的方法。研究了傳熱及流動的基礎理論,在理論研究的基礎上,根據(jù)雷達天線罩內(nèi)設備等對環(huán)境的工程要求,有針對性地提出兩種不同的通風換熱方案。2.探索和研究了對截球體雷達天線罩及其內(nèi)部復雜構件進行結(jié)構化網(wǎng)格劃分的方法。由于雷達天線罩模型是一個由球體、薄壁、棱柱、圓柱等幾何形狀組成的復雜圖形,需要建立一個網(wǎng)格質(zhì)量高、數(shù)量少、計算精度高、收斂性好的仿真模型。本文就常見的四分之三截球體雷達天線罩模型,采用Pro/E建立了基本模型,并找到了使用ICEM CFD軟件建立高質(zhì)量結(jié)構化網(wǎng)格的方法,總結(jié)了結(jié)構化網(wǎng)格質(zhì)量不高的一些原因,提出了相應的解決辦法。3.通過計算機模擬仿真,對不同的通風方案進行了對比研究。根據(jù)五種不同的通風方案,在ANSYS CFX軟件中進行了建模,對雷達天線罩模型進行模擬仿真計算,形成直觀形象的可視化仿真結(jié)果,并對溫度場、流質(zhì)的速度場等進行對比分析,尋找較好的通風方案,并發(fā)現(xiàn)提高雷達天線罩內(nèi)換熱效率的一般規(guī)律。4.總結(jié)了影響雷達天線罩內(nèi)部熱交換效率的幾種因素。根據(jù)仿真實驗的分析結(jié)果,找到了影響雷達天線罩內(nèi)對溫度控制影響較大的幾種要素,如構件的外形,制造構件材料的熱性能參數(shù),流質(zhì)通過換熱表面時的速度,流體的物性參數(shù)等,為進一步優(yōu)化通風方案提供了有力的理論和實踐基礎。
[Abstract]:As an effective protection method for radar antenna, large radar radome is widely used in most countries in the world. It has also been applied more and more in our country, especially in areas where the natural environment is relatively bad. It ensures the all-weather work of radar and plays an important role in the national economic construction and national defense. However, the radome not only protects the radar, but also brings some negative effects, such as isolating the air inside and outside the radome. It hinders the heat dissipation of radar, leading to the shortening of the life of radar equipment and the decrease of measuring precision. How to overcome the heat dissipation of radome becomes an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, an example of ventilation for a certain type of radar radome is presented. Based on the basic theory of heat transfer, the heat exchange form and the efficiency of heat exchange in radome are studied. The ventilation scheme of radar radome system is simulated by numerical simulation. The main research result is: 1. The heat exchange form in radome is analyzed. According to the natural environment and working environment of radar radome, This paper analyses several factors that have great influence on its temperature, such as noon sun irradiation, radome absorbing the heat of radar electromagnetic wave radiation, the heat generation of radar antenna and other working parts in the working process, and studies the heat conduction by using heat. The basic theory of heat transfer and flow is studied. On the basis of theoretical study, according to the environmental engineering requirements of the equipment inside the radome, In this paper, two different ventilation heat transfer schemes are proposed. 2. The method of structurized mesh division for truncated radar radome and its internal complex components is explored and studied. Because the radar radome model is made up of sphere, thin wall and prism, It is necessary to establish a simulation model with high mesh quality, small quantity, high accuracy and good convergence for the complex figure of cylindrical geometry. The common 3/4 truncated spherical radar radome model is discussed in this paper. The basic model is built with Pro/E, and the method of using ICEM CFD software to build high quality structured grid is found. Some reasons for the low quality of structured grid are summarized, and the corresponding solution is put forward. Different ventilation schemes are compared and studied. According to five different ventilation schemes, the model is modeled in ANSYS CFX software, and the radar radome model is simulated and calculated to form visual visual simulation results. In order to find a better ventilation scheme, the temperature field and the velocity field of the fluid are compared and analyzed. The general law of improving the heat transfer efficiency in the radome is found. 4. Several factors affecting the heat transfer efficiency in the radome are summarized. Several factors affecting the temperature control in the radome are found, such as the shape of the component, the thermal performance parameters of the material used in the manufacture of the component, the velocity of the fluid passing through the heat transfer surface, the physical properties of the fluid, and so on. It provides a powerful theoretical and practical basis for further optimization of ventilation schemes.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.2

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本文編號：1550054