本文關(guān)鍵詞： 陣列信號處理 魯棒波束形成 非圓信號 對角加載 非圓特征恢復(fù) 孔徑擴(kuò)展　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：非圓信號在實際通信與信息處理系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用十分廣泛，如AM、BPSK、ASK、UQPSK、QPSK、QAM、GMSK等調(diào)制信號。本文工作主要圍繞利用信號非圓特征的魯棒波束形成理論與方法研究展開，主要研究成果與創(chuàng)新點有： (1)針對對角加載技術(shù)的加載量確定問題，提出一類利用信號非圓特征恢復(fù)思想構(gòu)造代價函數(shù)確定正則化參數(shù)（對角加載量）的魯棒波束形成方法，稱為NRDL（Noncircularity Restoral for Diagonal Loading）方法。與現(xiàn)有方法相比，新方法可自動計算最優(yōu)加載量，對指向誤差也具有更好的魯棒性。在NRDL方法基礎(chǔ)上，本文還提出了兩種改進(jìn)的NRDL類方法：波束空間投影（Beamspace Projected， BP-）非圓特征恢復(fù)對角加載（BP-NRDL）方法和方位角搜索（Azimuth Searching，AS-）非圓特征恢復(fù)對角加載（AS-NRDL）方法。其中前者使用波束空間投影實現(xiàn)對干擾的預(yù)濾波后，再使用NRDL方法確定對角加載量；后者在NRDL方法的基礎(chǔ)上，通過非圓率最大化準(zhǔn)則進(jìn)一步調(diào)整和修正期望信號方位角，通過降低導(dǎo)向矢量指向誤差提升波束形成器魯棒性。BP-NRDL方法性能優(yōu)勢明顯，但要求期望信號非圓率與干擾互異；AS-NRDL方法性能優(yōu)于一般的NRDL方法，且對期望信號與干擾的非圓率互異性無要求。 (2)提出了一種新的利用信號非圓特征的魯棒廣義旁瓣相消器。新方法通過對約束矩陣增加導(dǎo)數(shù)約束構(gòu)造阻塞矩陣，保證阻塞矩陣對期望信號成分的完全抑制，從而提高魯棒性，稱為導(dǎo)數(shù)約束廣義旁瓣相消器（Derivative Constrained Generalized SidelobeCanceller，，DC-GSC）。期望信號為完全非圓信號時，還可利用非圓特性擴(kuò)展陣列虛擬孔徑，有效提升波束形成器的魯棒性，稱為非圓導(dǎo)數(shù)約束廣義旁瓣相消器（NoncircularDerivative Constrained Generalized Sidelobe Canceller，NCDC-GSC）。DC-GSC和NCDC-GSC的最優(yōu)權(quán)矢量均為閉式求解，與現(xiàn)有對角加載類方法相比運(yùn)算量明顯降低，且性能更優(yōu)。 (3)利用干擾信號空域信息的魯棒波束形成方法研究近幾年受到較多關(guān)注，本文提出了兩種聯(lián)合利用期望信號非圓特征和干擾空域信息的魯棒波束形成方法：導(dǎo)數(shù)約束非圓率最大化方法在進(jìn)行干擾空域預(yù)濾波后，利用非圓率最大化準(zhǔn)則確定最優(yōu)權(quán)矢量，稱為DC-NORM（Derivative Constrained Noncircularity-Rate Maximization）方法；寬線性導(dǎo)數(shù)約束方法則利用期望信號非圓特性擴(kuò)展陣列虛擬孔徑后，再進(jìn)行干擾空域預(yù)濾波，稱為WLDC（Widely Linear Derivative Constrained）方法。兩種方法的權(quán)矢量均為閉式求解，運(yùn)算量較小，且對于干擾信號的強(qiáng)非圓特征不敏感，即在干擾信號非圓率大于期望信號，或非圓率存在一定誤差的情況下，兩種新方法均能保持良好的魯棒性。另外DC-NORM和WLDC方法均可推廣至移動式干擾的應(yīng)用背景，且無需滿足訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)不含期望信號成分的要求。 (4)探究了信號高階非圓特性在魯棒波束形成方法中的利用潛力，提出了兩種基于高階非圓特征恢復(fù)的對角加載魯棒波束形成方法：HNRDL （High-orderNoncircularity Restoral Diagonal Loading）和AS-HNRDL（Azimuth Searching High-orderNoncircularity Restoral Diagonal Loading）方法。與WCPO和RCB等其他主流方法相比，HNRDL方法無需用戶參數(shù)即可實現(xiàn)最優(yōu)對角加載量的全自動計算，存在較大指向誤差時，也能保持明顯的性能優(yōu)勢；與僅利用期望信號二階非圓特性的波束形成方法相比，HNRDL和AS-HNRDL方法同時適用于BPSK、UQPSK等二階非圓信號和QPSK、QAM等更高階非圓信號，適用的應(yīng)用場合更加廣泛。高階非圓信號在實際系統(tǒng)中的廣泛應(yīng)用使該研究成果具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Non circular signals used in the actual communication and information processing system is very extensive, such as AM, BPSK, ASK, UQPSK, QPSK, QAM, GMSK modulation signal. This paper mainly focuses on the use of robust non circular beam signal characteristics of the formation of research theories and methods, the main research achievements and innovations:
(1) for loading the diagonal loading technique to determine the problem, put forward a kind of using the signal non circle feature recovery thought constructs the cost function of the regularization parameter (diagonal loading) robust beamforming method, called NRDL (Noncircularity Restoral for Diagonal Loading) method. Compared with the existing methods, the new method can automatically calculate the optimal the loading quantity, also has better robustness to the pointing error. On the basis of NRDL method, this paper also put forward two improved NRDL methods: beam space projection (Beamspace Projected, BP-) - circular feature recovery (BP-NRDL) method of diagonal loading and azimuth search (Azimuth Searching, AS-) - circular feature recovery diagonal loading (AS-NRDL) method. The former used beam space projection pre filtering on interference, and then use the NRDL method to determine the amount of diagonal loading; the latter on the basis of NRDL method, through Non-circular rate maximization criterion further adjust and modify the desired signal azimuth, by reducing the steering vector pointing error beamforming performance is significantly enhance the robustness of.BP-NRDL method, but the requirements of the desired signal and interference of different non circularity; AS-NRDL NRDL method is better than common, and non circle to the desired signal and interference rate no mutual specific requirements.
(2) this paper presents a robust generalized sidelobe canceller non circle features a new signal. Using the new method by adding derivative constraint structure on constraint matrix block matrix, which block matrix suppression of the desired signal component completely, so as to improve the robustness, called derivative constraints generalized sidelobe canceller (Derivative Constrained Generalized SidelobeCanceller, DC-GSC). The desired signal is completely non circular signals, can also use the non circle characteristics of virtual aperture extension of the array, effectively enhance the robustness of the beamformer, called non circle derivative constrained generalized sidelobe canceller (NoncircularDerivative Constrained Generalized Sidelobe Canceller, NCDC-GSC.DC-GSC and NCDC-GSC) the optimal weight vector are closed to solve compared with the existing class, the diagonal loading method was obviously decreased, and the performance is better.
(3) the formation of research method has been paid more attention in recent years with the robust beam interference signal spatial information, this paper proposes two robust beam combined signal and interference characteristics of non circular spatial information using expectation formation methods: derivative constraints non-circular rate maximization method in interference spatial pre filtering, using non-circular rate maximum of the criteria for determining the optimal weight vector, called DC-NORM (Derivative Constrained Noncircularity-Rate Maximization) method; wide linear derivative constraint method is the use of non expected signal circle characteristics of virtual aperture extension of the array, then the interference of spatial pre filtering, called WLDC (Widely Linear Derivative Constrained) method. The weight vector of the two methods were closed solution, little computation, and the interference signal is not sensitive to strong non circular features, namely in the interference signal of non-circular rate is greater than the desired signal, or non circularity exists In the case of a certain error, the two new methods can maintain good robustness. Besides, DC-NORM and WLDC methods can be extended to the application background of mobile interference, and do not need to meet the requirements of training data without expected signal components.
(4) to explore the potential of using high order signal characteristic circle method in formation in the proposed two robust beam, robust diagonal loading beamforming method based on high-order recovery circle features: HNRDL (High-orderNoncircularity Restoral Diagonal Loading) and AS-HNRDL (Azimuth Searching High-orderNoncircularity Restoral Diagonal Loading) method. Compared with WCPO and RCB etc. the main method, the HNRDL method without user parameters can realize automatic calculation of optimum diagonal loading factor, there is a big point error, also can maintain the performance advantages; and using only the desired signal beam two order non characteristic circle forming method compared with HNRDL and AS-HNRDL method is applicable to both BPSK, UQPSK and other two non order circular signal and QPSK, QAM and other higher order circular signal applications more widely. High order circular signals in the actual systems. Extensive application makes the research achievements have a broad application prospect.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN911.7

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本文編號：1549358