本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無線傳感網(wǎng) 大規(guī)模 空間高密度 多信道 負載均衡　出處：《復旦大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來由于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Internet of Things, IoT)的廣泛應用,在各種場合對系統(tǒng)的規(guī)�；c空間密度的需求日益增長。由于作為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)的無線傳感網(wǎng)(VVireless Sensor Network, WSN)自身的資源受限、通信速率低的特點,對無線傳感網(wǎng)的有效管理和容量提升成為了一個迫切的需求�，F(xiàn)有的大規(guī)模無線傳感網(wǎng)(Large-Scale WSNs, LS-WSN)的管理技術(shù)目前主要針對的是傳感網(wǎng)的規(guī)模化問題,而沒有對區(qū)域高密度節(jié)點的問題提出有效的解決方案。因此,本文就有效利用現(xiàn)有的硬件和頻帶資源解決無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的區(qū)域高密度問題提出一個有效的解決思路并結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的LS-WSN管理技術(shù)來有效支撐區(qū)域內(nèi)高密度無線傳感網(wǎng)的應用。本文從無線傳感網(wǎng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)及其典型協(xié)議棧ZigBee出發(fā),研究各種組網(wǎng)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的特點。在對集中式、分布式和層次式等架構(gòu)及其系統(tǒng)設(shè)計進行了深入研究后,對其在功能、性能與成本上的差異進行了分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)實驗室項目的實際需要,設(shè)計了基于集中-層次式的架構(gòu),采用非WSN的高速通信方式來解決WSN的通信瓶頸問題,有效地改善WSN系統(tǒng)的信道利用率和系統(tǒng)吞吐率。并自主研發(fā)其各個層次的指令集與通訊協(xié)議,提出了廣義NV空間訪問來改善跨層次調(diào)用的易用性。該系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)采用了高速三層異構(gòu)WSN模型,能有效地改善WSN系統(tǒng)在空間高密度條件下的性能。采用本文方案可以在2.4GHz頻帶上ZigBee硬件的系統(tǒng)提供比傳統(tǒng)的ZigBee單個個域網(wǎng)(Personal Area Network, PAN)多約16倍的系統(tǒng)容量,理論上能夠支持超過65536×16個節(jié)點。本文方案能夠很好地兼容現(xiàn)有的小規(guī)模WSN系統(tǒng),同時也具備與未來的WSN兼容能力,能夠通過簡單的方法為現(xiàn)有的WSN擴容并改善其系統(tǒng)性能。系統(tǒng)還提供了域內(nèi)可交換同構(gòu)網(wǎng)的負載均衡功能,能夠解決多集群的負載均衡問題。經(jīng)實驗驗證,該設(shè)計架構(gòu)能夠有效支持區(qū)域內(nèi)多信道多集群的WSNs。模擬仿真顯示對區(qū)域內(nèi)高密度節(jié)點的通信質(zhì)量有較大改善。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the wide application of Internet of things (IoT), the demand for the scale and space density of the system is increasing in various situations, because the wireless sensor network (WSNs), which is the foundation of the Internet of things, is limited in its own resources. Because of the low communication rate, the effective management and capacity enhancement of wireless sensor network (WSN) has become an urgent need. At present, the management technology of large scale scale WSNs (LS-WSNs) is mainly aimed at the scale of sensor network. There is no effective solution to the problem of high-density nodes in the region. In this paper, we propose an effective solution to the problem of regional high density of wireless sensor networks using existing hardware and band resources, and combine the existing LS-WSN management technology to effectively support the high density wireless transmission in the region. This paper starts from the architecture of wireless sensor network and its typical protocol stack ZigBee. This paper studies the characteristics of various network topologies. After a thorough study of centralized, distributed and hierarchical architectures and system design, the differences in function, performance and cost are analyzed. According to the actual needs of the laboratory project, a centralized and hierarchical architecture is designed to solve the bottleneck problem of WSN communication by using non-#en0# high-speed communication mode. It can effectively improve the channel utilization and system throughput of WSN system, and develop instruction set and communication protocol at all levels. In this paper, generalized NV space access is proposed to improve the ease of use of cross-layer calls. The system architecture uses a high-speed three-layer heterogeneous WSN model. It can effectively improve the performance of WSN system under the condition of high density in space. Using this scheme, the system of ZigBee hardware at 2.4 GHz can provide about 16 times more system capacity than the traditional ZigBee single personal Area Network (pan). In theory, it can support more than 65536 脳 16 nodes. This scheme can be compatible with the existing small-scale WSN system, and also has the ability to be compatible with the future WSN. The system also provides the load balancing function of interchangeable isomorphic network in domain, which can solve the load balancing problem of multi-cluster. The design framework can effectively support WSNs with multi-channel and multi-cluster in the region. The simulation results show that the communication quality of high-density nodes in the region is improved greatly.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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