本文關(guān)鍵詞： 微孔傳感器 阻塞脈沖信號(hào) FPGA 反饋機(jī)制　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微孔傳感器是從上世紀(jì)50年代的發(fā)明專利——Coulter計(jì)數(shù)器的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展而來(lái)的,能夠在溶液環(huán)境中對(duì)待測(cè)物進(jìn)行檢測(cè)的傳感器,其輸出的電流形式的阻塞脈沖信號(hào)包含了待測(cè)物空間結(jié)構(gòu)信息。微納加工能力的不斷提升,使得固態(tài)微孔的制備成為可能,微孔傳感器的應(yīng)用范圍也不斷拓展。如何克服待測(cè)物穿過(guò)微孔過(guò)程的隨機(jī)性,提高微孔傳感器的檢測(cè)精度成為影響其發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要研究方向。本論文首先對(duì)阻塞脈沖信號(hào)進(jìn)行了分析,嘗試?yán)镁劢闺x子束(FIB)加工錐形結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)獲得錐形孔,并對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果中產(chǎn)生的形貌偏差進(jìn)行了深入的分析,為實(shí)現(xiàn)錐形孔的制備打下基礎(chǔ)。隨后根據(jù)阻塞脈沖信號(hào)的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了一套帶有反饋機(jī)制的微孔傳感信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。與傳統(tǒng)的開(kāi)環(huán)的檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)相比,本論文設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)添加了反饋回路,實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)閉環(huán),為控制待測(cè)物穿過(guò)微孔過(guò)程提供了系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)。該系統(tǒng)包含了阻塞脈沖信號(hào)的放大調(diào)理電路,模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換模塊,基于FPGA的雙FIR數(shù)字濾波器,搭載μC/OS-II系統(tǒng)的Nios II軟核處理器以及微孔傳感器驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊等部分。通過(guò)分析實(shí)際阻塞脈沖對(duì)信號(hào)處理的需求,本論文設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)用硬件加速器的形式在FPGA上實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)字濾波器,既保證了系統(tǒng)的靈活性也滿足了系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)性要求。同時(shí)利用雙FIR濾波器,使系統(tǒng)得以快速捕捉阻塞脈沖信號(hào),并能夠輸入信號(hào)進(jìn)行有效的處理。經(jīng)過(guò)多組測(cè)試,本論文設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)可以通過(guò)靈活地調(diào)整,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)具有不同信噪比的阻塞脈沖信號(hào)進(jìn)行快速有效地捕捉,并準(zhǔn)確輸出反饋信號(hào)。
[Abstract]:The microporous sensor is developed from the invention patent of -50s, Coulter counter, which can detect the object in the solution environment. The blocking pulse signal in the form of current contains the spatial structure information of the object to be tested. With the continuous improvement of micro-nano processing ability, it is possible to prepare solid micropores. The application of microporous sensor is also expanding. How to overcome the randomness of the process of the object passing through the micropore. Improving the detection accuracy of microporous sensor has become an important research direction to affect its development. Firstly, the blocking pulse signal is analyzed in this paper. The conical hole was fabricated by using focused ion beam beam (FIB) to obtain the conical hole, and the shape deviation from the experimental results was analyzed in depth. Then according to the characteristics of blocking pulse signal, a micro-hole sensing signal detection system with feedback mechanism is designed, which is compared with the traditional open-loop detection system. The feedback loop is added to the system in this paper, and the closed loop of the system is realized, which provides the system foundation for controlling the process of the object to be tested through the microhole. The system includes the amplification and conditioning circuit of the blocking pulse signal. Analog-to-digital conversion module, double FIR digital filter based on FPGA. The Nios II soft core processor with 渭 C / OS-II system and the driving module of the microhole sensor are used to analyze the signal processing requirements of the actual blocking pulse. The system designed in this paper realizes the digital filter on FPGA in the form of hardware accelerator, which not only ensures the flexibility of the system but also meets the real-time requirement of the system. At the same time, the double FIR filter is used. The system can quickly capture the blocking pulse signal, and can input the signal for effective processing. After a number of tests, the system designed in this paper can be flexibly adjusted. The blocking pulse signal with different signal-to-noise ratio can be captured quickly and effectively, and the feedback signal can be output accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP212;TN911.7

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本文編號(hào)：1493183