本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) 區(qū)域覆蓋 數(shù)據(jù)融合 遺傳算法 模糊理論　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是近年來興起的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的重要組成部分,作為一種全新的信息獲取和處理技術(shù),已被廣泛應(yīng)用于電子醫(yī)療、智能電網(wǎng)、智能家居等多個領(lǐng)域,并深刻地改變著人們的生活方式。 目前,無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究逐漸從軟硬件設(shè)計、通信協(xié)議設(shè)計和開發(fā)分層架構(gòu)的初級階段,進(jìn)入到面向應(yīng)用研發(fā)的全局解決方案。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)部署與覆蓋、信息處理與信息融合正在成為研究的重點和熱點。然而,現(xiàn)有的研究往往從一般無線自組網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計的角度出發(fā),沒有關(guān)注無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量受限、計算和存儲能力有限的特點�；谏鲜隹紤],本文針對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用中的區(qū)域覆蓋問題和多傳感器數(shù)據(jù)融合問題進(jìn)行了研究,分別提出了相應(yīng)的算法。本文的貢獻(xiàn)主要有以下幾方面： 首先,在無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)布爾感知模型的基礎(chǔ)上,提出節(jié)點冗余度和覆蓋集冗余度的概念,用計算復(fù)雜度低、參數(shù)可配置的網(wǎng)絡(luò)局部特征表征網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全局特征,改進(jìn)了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋模型。這種覆蓋模型實現(xiàn)覆蓋集性能的快速計算,可為無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議設(shè)計、路由協(xié)議設(shè)計等研究提供參照。 其次,在改進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋模型的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了針對區(qū)域覆蓋問題的RGA-D算法,其利用遺傳算法計算覆蓋集、同時考慮節(jié)點和覆蓋集冗余度,對網(wǎng)絡(luò)整個生存期進(jìn)行全局優(yōu)化。仿真實驗表明,RGA-D算法能在活躍節(jié)點數(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋率之間達(dá)到平衡,解決了網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存期后期容易出現(xiàn)覆蓋盲區(qū)的問題。 再次,針對現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)融合算法中支持度的計算較為復(fù)雜的問題,用最小二乘法擬合高斯型支持度函數(shù),充分考慮了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量受限的特點,減少了數(shù)據(jù)融合過程中的計算量,能在多項式級計算復(fù)雜度下,得到與指數(shù)級復(fù)雜度的高斯支持度函數(shù)非常接近的計算結(jié)果。 最后,針對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用最廣泛的數(shù)值型數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)計了多傳感器數(shù)據(jù)融合算法TMMDF, TMMDF算法運用Dixon法剔除原始數(shù)據(jù)中的疏失誤差,再運用OLSF支持度函數(shù)計算數(shù)據(jù)集合中各數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)于中值和均值的支持度,最后選取合適三角模融合算子進(jìn)行融合計算,得到融合結(jié)果。TMMDF算法計算復(fù)雜度低,融合精度高,仿真實驗結(jié)果表明TMMDF算法具有較高的精確性和穩(wěn)健性。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an important part of the Internet of things (IoT), which has been widely used in many fields, such as electronic medicine, smart grid, smart home and so on. As a new information acquisition and processing technology, wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used in many fields. And profoundly changing people's way of life. At present, the research of wireless sensor networks is gradually from the initial stage of hardware and software design, communication protocol design and development of hierarchical architecture. Wireless sensor network deployment and coverage, information processing and information fusion are becoming the focus and focus of research. The existing research often starts from the general wireless ad hoc network design angle, does not pay attention to the wireless sensor network energy limit, the computation and the storage ability limited characteristic. Based on the above consideration. In this paper, the area coverage problem and the multi-sensor data fusion problem in wireless sensor networks are studied, and the corresponding algorithms are proposed. The contributions of this paper are as follows: Firstly, based on the Boolean sensing model of wireless sensor networks, the concepts of node redundancy and overlay set redundancy are proposed with low computational complexity. The local feature of the network with configurable parameters represents the global feature of the network and improves the coverage model of the wireless sensor network. This coverage model can quickly calculate the performance of the coverage set. It can provide reference for wireless sensor network communication protocol design, routing protocol design and so on. Secondly, based on the improved network coverage model, a new RGA-D algorithm is proposed, which uses genetic algorithm to calculate the coverage set, and considers the redundancy of nodes and cover sets at the same time. The simulation results show that the RGA-D algorithm can balance the number of active nodes and the network coverage. It solves the problem of covering blind area easily in the later period of network life. Thirdly, aiming at the complicated problem of the support degree calculation in the existing data fusion algorithm, the Gao Si type support function is fitted by the least square method, which fully considers the characteristics of the limited energy in wireless sensor networks. The computational complexity of the data fusion process is reduced, and the result is very close to the Gao Si support function of exponential complexity under the polynomial complexity. Finally, a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm, TMMDF, is designed for the most widely used numerical data in wireless sensor networks. TMMDF algorithm uses the Dixon method to eliminate the errors in the original data, and then uses the OLSF support function to calculate the support of the median value and the mean value of the data set. Finally, the suitable triangle mode fusion operator is selected for fusion calculation, and the fusion results. TMMDF algorithm has low computational complexity and high fusion accuracy. Simulation results show that the TMMDF algorithm has high accuracy and robustness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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