本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) 建筑安全監(jiān)測(cè) 路由算法 任務(wù)調(diào)度 網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)能　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展,其連接物理世界和計(jì)算機(jī)世界的橋梁作用得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)不但布線成本低、監(jiān)測(cè)精度高、容錯(cuò)性好,而且能夠遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控,在故障診斷與安全監(jiān)測(cè)等方面有突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)。隨著建筑安全事故的頻發(fā),如何對(duì)建筑的安全狀態(tài)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)和有效的監(jiān)測(cè),避免由于結(jié)構(gòu)損傷、火災(zāi)或室內(nèi)環(huán)境變化引起的建筑安全事故,同時(shí)為建筑的健康維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)提供及時(shí)、科學(xué)的指導(dǎo),已經(jīng)越來(lái)越受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注,建立一種基于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建筑安全監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)具有非常重要的理論意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。 本文分析了建筑安全監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀、進(jìn)展及面臨的挑戰(zhàn),闡述了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展、特點(diǎn)及結(jié)構(gòu),研究了基于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)、建筑火災(zāi)安全監(jiān)測(cè)和建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)三個(gè)領(lǐng)域的監(jiān)測(cè)方法,結(jié)合存在的問(wèn)題提出了相應(yīng)的解決方案和策略,主要內(nèi)容如下： 1.針對(duì)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)實(shí)時(shí)性差、現(xiàn)有算法資源消耗大、實(shí)際應(yīng)用效果不穩(wěn)定等問(wèn)題,在基于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)中,提出了一種基于遺傳-蟻群優(yōu)化的組播路由算法和多跳路由算法,較好地解決了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量問(wèn)題,提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的穩(wěn)定性和監(jiān)測(cè)的可靠性；采用改進(jìn)型的蟻群算法,制定了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量管理策略,降低了監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能耗,延長(zhǎng)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命。 2.針對(duì)建筑火災(zāi)安全監(jiān)測(cè)單代理節(jié)點(diǎn)功能有限、拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、帶寬要求高等問(wèn)題,在基于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建筑火災(zāi)安全監(jiān)測(cè)中引入了多代理理論,提出了一種火災(zāi)監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的動(dòng)態(tài)任務(wù)調(diào)度算法,較好地解決了多監(jiān)測(cè)任務(wù)調(diào)度中的大規(guī)模計(jì)算問(wèn)題,提高了任務(wù)調(diào)度的效率；采用基于D-S證據(jù)理論的數(shù)據(jù)融合算法對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)處理,提高了監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)對(duì)異常情況報(bào)警的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性,降低了火災(zāi)誤報(bào)和漏報(bào)率。 3.針對(duì)建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)量大、頻譜資源緊張、傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)能源局限等問(wèn)題,建立了建筑室內(nèi)無(wú)線終端通信頻譜感知模型,提出了一種基于支持向量機(jī)的頻譜感知算法,能夠?qū)崟r(shí)、準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)設(shè)備終端進(jìn)行頻譜感知,有效地提高了頻譜資源的利用率；提出了一種基于壓縮感知理論的網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)能算法,在保證無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)整體監(jiān)測(cè)精度和效率的前提下,提升了網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)采樣效率,降低了傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的能源消耗,提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用壽命。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of wireless sensor network technology, its role as a bridge connecting the physical world and the computer world has been widely used in wireless sensor network routing. Not only low cost, high precision, good fault tolerance, and remote monitoring, has obvious advantages in fault diagnosis and safety monitoring. With the construction safety accidents. In real time, and how to effectively monitor the safety of construction, to avoid the structural damage, caused by fire or indoor environment changes of construction safety accidents, and for the construction of health maintenance and maintenance to provide timely, scientific guidance, people have paid more and more attention, the establishment of a very important theoretical significance and the practical value of construction safety monitoring system based on wireless sensor network.
This paper analyzes the present situation of the safety monitoring technology of construction, progress and challenges, expounds the development of wireless sensor networks, the characteristics and the structure of the building structure health monitoring based on wireless sensor networks, monitoring method of building fire safety monitoring and indoor environmental monitoring in three areas, combined with the existing problems put forward to solve corresponding solutions and strategies, the main contents are as follows:
1. for structural health monitoring real-time algorithm of existing resource consumption, actual application effect is not stable, based on the architecture of wireless sensor network health monitoring system, proposes a multicast routing algorithm - ant colony optimization and genetic algorithm based on multi hop routing, solves the problem of network service quality to improve the reliability and stability of the monitoring network; using improved ant colony algorithm, developed a wireless sensor network energy management strategy, reducing the energy consumption of the monitoring network, prolong the network lifetime.
2. for building fire safety monitoring of single agent node function is limited, the structure is very complex, higher bandwidth requirements, based on building fire safety monitoring wireless sensor network is introduced in multi agent theory, put forward the dynamic scheduling of a fire monitoring network algorithm to solve large-scale computing problems in multi task scheduling monitoring and improve the efficiency of task scheduling; using the D-S evidence theory data fusion algorithm for real-time processing of monitoring data based on the improved monitoring system for abnormal alarm accuracy and reliability, reduce fire false positives and negatives.
3. for the construction of indoor environmental monitoring of large volume data transmission, spectrum resource and energy limitation of sensor nodes, building the indoor wireless communication terminal spectrum sensing model, proposes a spectrum sensing algorithm based on support vector machine capable of real-time, accurate spectrum sensing of terminal equipment, effectively improve the utilization of spectrum rate of resource; proposes a network energy saving algorithm based on compressed sensing theory, under the premise of ensuring the whole wireless sensor network monitoring accuracy and efficiency, improve the efficiency of network data sampling, reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes, improve the service life of the network.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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