本文關(guān)鍵詞：車輛網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)急信息發(fā)布機(jī)制研究　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：隨著車載通信技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,車輛網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要形式,開始被越來越多的研究者所關(guān)注。尤其是近年來道路交通安全問題日益嚴(yán)峻,使得車輛網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)急信息發(fā)布機(jī)制的研究顯得更有意義。在車輛網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,應(yīng)急信息的發(fā)布通常使用廣播完成。實(shí)時性和可靠性是應(yīng)急廣播機(jī)制的兩個重要指標(biāo)。由于高速公路上車輛速度很高,且相鄰出口較遠(yuǎn),當(dāng)前方發(fā)生交通事故時,通過應(yīng)急廣播機(jī)制除了可以及時提醒后方車輛減速慢行,避免連環(huán)事故外,還可用于通知后方高速公路出口處車輛及時繞道行駛,避免嚴(yán)重的交通擁堵�；诖祟悜�(yīng)急場景考慮,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種適用于高速公路場景的應(yīng)急廣播機(jī)制。該機(jī)制將高速公路上事故車輛后方廣播區(qū)域劃分為緊急區(qū)、快速轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)區(qū)和熱點(diǎn)區(qū),通過應(yīng)急廣播的高效中繼轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)策略和可靠性保障策略分別滿足不同廣播區(qū)域?qū)?shí)時性和可靠性的要求,達(dá)到有效降低連環(huán)交通事故和交通堵塞的目的。本文的主要研究成果如下:1)本文根據(jù)高速公路應(yīng)急場景的特點(diǎn),將應(yīng)急廣播報文分為LDEB和SDEB兩種類型來應(yīng)對不同的應(yīng)急場景。然后比較有新意地將事故點(diǎn)后方區(qū)域劃分為緊急區(qū)、快速轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)區(qū)和熱點(diǎn)區(qū)域,并分析了各個區(qū)域?qū)?yīng)急廣播的主要需求。2)本文根據(jù)緊急區(qū)、快速轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)區(qū)和熱點(diǎn)區(qū)域?qū)?yīng)急信息實(shí)時性和可靠性的不同需求,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于位置的高速公路應(yīng)急廣播機(jī)制LHEIBM,其主要包括高效的中繼轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)策略、可靠性保障策略和持續(xù)性廣播方案,并詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)了LHEIBM的節(jié)點(diǎn)算法流程、協(xié)議交互流程和報文格式,來解決高速公路場景中不同程度的交通事故后可能出現(xiàn)的連環(huán)撞車或者交通大擁堵問題。3)本文基于NS3仿真平臺,搭建了高速公路仿真場景,并設(shè)計(jì)了性能指標(biāo)和仿真參數(shù),最后通過對LHEIBM以及EDB廣播機(jī)制的仿真對比,證明了LHEIBM在平均傳播時延、平均中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量、報文交付比率和熱點(diǎn)區(qū)域可靠性上存在優(yōu)勢,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)高速公路應(yīng)急廣播的高效轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),并為局部區(qū)域提供更好的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of vehicular communication technology, vehicle network, as an important form of wireless network, has been concerned by more and more researchers, especially in recent years, road traffic safety problem is becoming more and more serious. It makes the research of vehicle network emergency information release mechanism more meaningful. In the vehicle network. Real time and reliability are two important indicators of the emergency broadcast mechanism. Because of the high speed of the vehicle on the highway and the distance between the adjacent exits. When traffic accidents occur in the front, the emergency broadcast mechanism can not only remind the rear vehicles to slow down, avoid serial accidents, but also can be used to notify the rear highway exit vehicles to make a timely detour. Avoid heavy traffic jams. Consider such emergency scenarios. This paper designs an emergency broadcast mechanism suitable for freeway scene, which divides the rear broadcast area of the accident vehicle into emergency area, fast forwarding area and hot spot area. Through the high-efficient relay forwarding strategy and the reliability guarantee strategy of emergency broadcast, the real-time and reliability requirements of different broadcast areas are met respectively. To achieve the purpose of reducing the number of traffic accidents and traffic jams. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1) according to the characteristics of expressway emergency scenarios. The emergency broadcast message is divided into two types: LDEB and SDEB to deal with different emergency scenarios. Then, the area behind the accident point is divided into emergency area, fast forwarding area and hot spot area. And analyzed the main needs of emergency broadcasting in each region. 2) according to the emergency area, fast forwarding area and hot spot area for the emergency information real-time and reliability of different needs. A location-based expressway emergency broadcast mechanism LHEIBM is designed, which includes efficient relay forwarding strategy, reliability guarantee strategy and continuous broadcast scheme. The node algorithm flow, protocol interaction flow and message format of LHEIBM are designed and implemented in detail. To solve the problem of serial collision or traffic congestion after different degree of traffic accidents in the freeway scene. 3) based on the NS3 simulation platform, this paper builds the highway simulation scene. The performance index and simulation parameters are designed. Finally, through the comparison of LHEIBM and EDB broadcast mechanism, the average propagation delay and the average number of relay nodes of LHEIBM are proved. There are advantages in message delivery ratio and reliability of hot spot area which can realize efficient transmission of expressway emergency broadcast and provide better reliability for local area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495;TN934

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號：1396173