本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于ZigBee的農(nóng)業(yè)傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)與土壤濕度模型的研究　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 物聯(lián)網(wǎng) 農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng) 精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè) 無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) ZigBee技術(shù) 低功耗路由 土壤濕度模型

【摘要】：隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Internet of Things, IoT)概念的興起和發(fā)展,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)很快地滲透到了人類生產(chǎn)和生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。其中,農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)代表了現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的前沿,被稱為未來(lái)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)最重要的發(fā)展方向之一。而無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(wireless sensor network, WSN)是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)最重要的支撐技術(shù)和實(shí)現(xiàn)手段。因此,農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究與實(shí)踐對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的推廣以及“精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)”的實(shí)現(xiàn)有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。ZigBee技術(shù)是一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的面向無(wú)線自動(dòng)控制的低速率、低功耗和低成本的無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)方案,得到了廣泛的認(rèn)可和應(yīng)用,是農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)重要的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法之一。但是,現(xiàn)有的農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)依舊存在著網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗大和傳感器成本高的問(wèn)題,嚴(yán)重制約了農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展。首先,針對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能耗問(wèn)題,本文提出了功率調(diào)節(jié)優(yōu)化算法和低功耗路由算法。其中,功率調(diào)節(jié)優(yōu)化算法用于優(yōu)化終端節(jié)點(diǎn)的能耗,低功耗路由算法可以延長(zhǎng)ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)中路由器節(jié)點(diǎn)的工作時(shí)間。本文提出的算法在Z-Stack協(xié)議棧上實(shí)現(xiàn)。測(cè)試表明,本文提出的改進(jìn)算法可以有效地節(jié)省網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗,進(jìn)而延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命。其次,針對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳感器成本問(wèn)題,本文重點(diǎn)就土壤濕度的傳感技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,分別用多元線性回歸和BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方法建立了土壤濕度電阻法標(biāo)定模型。測(cè)試表明,當(dāng)測(cè)試樣土的土壤類型和標(biāo)定樣土一致的條件下,可以使用成本低廉的土壤電阻傳感器對(duì)土壤濕度進(jìn)行較準(zhǔn)確的測(cè)定。更進(jìn)一步地,鑒于土壤濕度在一天之內(nèi)變化小的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合土壤熱運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律,本文提出基于支持向量機(jī)(Support Vector Machine, SVM)的土壤濕度分類模型,根據(jù)該模型,在農(nóng)業(yè)傳感節(jié)點(diǎn)無(wú)土壤濕度傳感器的情況下,能對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)所處地點(diǎn)的土壤濕度做出分類,從而對(duì)土壤墑情作出判斷。最后,在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,本文設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一套基于ZigBee技術(shù)的農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的解決方案,該方案具有低成本、低功耗的特點(diǎn),可以用于實(shí)際農(nóng)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)采集,該解決方案是利用現(xiàn)代通信和傳感器技術(shù)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展的一種有益探索和嘗試。
[Abstract]:With the rise and development of the concept of Internet of things (IoT), Internet of things (IOT) technology has quickly penetrated into various fields of human production and life. The agricultural Internet of things represents the frontier of the development of modern agricultural technology. It is known as one of the most important development directions of the Internet of things in the future. Wireless sensor network is a wireless sensor network. WSNs are the most important supporting technology and implementation means of the Internet of things. Research and practice of Agricultural Wireless Sensor Network for extension of Agricultural Internet of things and Precision Agriculture. ZigBee technology is a standardized low rate wireless automatic control. Low-power and low-cost wireless network networking scheme has been widely recognized and applied. It is one of the most important methods to realize agricultural wireless sensor network. The existing agricultural wireless sensor network still has the problems of high energy consumption and high sensor cost, which seriously restricts the development of agricultural Internet of things. First, the energy consumption of agricultural wireless sensor network. In this paper, a power regulation optimization algorithm and a low power routing algorithm are proposed, in which the power regulation optimization algorithm is used to optimize the energy consumption of terminal nodes. Low-power routing algorithm can extend the working time of router nodes in ZigBee network. The proposed algorithm is implemented on Z-Stack protocol stack. The improved algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively save energy consumption and prolong the network life. Secondly, the sensor cost of agricultural wireless sensor network can be solved. In this paper, the sensing technology of soil moisture was studied, and the calibration model of soil moisture resistance method was established by multivariate linear regression and BP neural network. When the soil type of the tested soil is the same as that of the calibrated soil, the low cost soil resistance sensor can be used to measure soil moisture accurately. In view of the small change of soil moisture in one day and the regularity of soil thermal movement, this paper proposes a support Vector Machine based on support vector machine. According to the model, the soil moisture of the node can be classified when the agricultural sensor node has no soil moisture sensor. Finally, on the basis of the above research, this paper designed and implemented a set of agricultural wireless sensor network based on ZigBee technology, which has low cost. Low power consumption can be used to collect real time agricultural data. This solution is a useful exploration and attempt to make use of modern communication and sensor technology in the transformation and development of agricultural modernization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：S152.71;TN92;TP212.9

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本文編號(hào)：1391171