雙基地高頻地波雷達(dá)飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞:雙基地高頻地波雷達(dá)飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)研究 出處:《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 雙基地高頻地波雷達(dá) 高度估計(jì) 電波傳播衰減 高度屬性判別
【摘要】:高頻地波雷達(dá)(HFSWR)能夠超視距探測海上艦船和飛機(jī)目標(biāo),對于我國海防和海上交通管制現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)具有重要意義。由于HFSWR構(gòu)成仰角窄波束困難,不能直接提供飛行目標(biāo)高度信息,因而無法判別飛行目標(biāo)的高度屬性,即無法判別目標(biāo)的視距/超視距屬性。針對單基地HFSWR目標(biāo)飛行高度估計(jì)精度低、不穩(wěn)定、可信度差的問題,本研究提出雙基地HFSWR飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)新方法,重點(diǎn)研究飛行目標(biāo)高度屬性判別和高度估計(jì)算法,推動本成果在飛行目標(biāo)類型識別和目標(biāo)威脅度估計(jì)等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。本文主要研究內(nèi)容如下: 1.首先理論分析垂直極化電磁波傳播衰減基本原理。基于Rotheram傳播衰減模型,,重點(diǎn)研究垂直極化電磁波在低空區(qū)域和高空區(qū)域上的傳播衰減特征。目標(biāo)信號回波強(qiáng)度是與低空飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)有關(guān)的重要信息,目標(biāo)RCS作為影響目標(biāo)飛行高度估計(jì)精度的重要參量,本文還對高頻地波雷達(dá)飛行目標(biāo)RCS隨姿態(tài)角的變化特征進(jìn)行研究。 2.雙基地高頻地波雷達(dá)低空飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)研究。傳統(tǒng)低空飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)模型在高度上是不完全可觀測的,導(dǎo)致高度估計(jì)存在多解問題。本研究將感興趣的高度區(qū)間劃分為多個(gè)高度子區(qū)間,每個(gè)高度子區(qū)間上構(gòu)建一個(gè)不存在多解問題的濾波模型,最后通過加權(quán)求和得到高度估計(jì)結(jié)果。針對目標(biāo)RCS起伏問題,本研究利用AR模型對目標(biāo)RCS起伏分量建模,減小目標(biāo)RCS起伏對高度估計(jì)的影響。 3.基于斜距、方位和信號回波強(qiáng)度信息的高空飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)研究。目標(biāo)在高空飛行狀態(tài)下一般飛行高度較高,電波傳播衰減在高度方向上變化很小。因而信號回波強(qiáng)度不能應(yīng)用于目標(biāo)飛行高度估計(jì)。因此,本研究利用T/R站和R站接收到的目標(biāo)斜距、方位和信號回波強(qiáng)度構(gòu)建高空飛行目標(biāo)高度組合估計(jì)算法。在該高度估計(jì)算法中,利用目標(biāo)斜距和方位信息估計(jì)目標(biāo)飛行高度,利用信號回波強(qiáng)度信息估計(jì)目標(biāo)RCS。 4.飛行目標(biāo)高度屬性判別與高度估計(jì)研究。本研究目的是在判別目標(biāo)視距/超視距屬性的同時(shí),并估計(jì)目標(biāo)飛行高度信息。目前的飛行目標(biāo)高度估計(jì)方法只能適用于高空或低空飛行目標(biāo),而且假定目標(biāo)的視距/超視距屬性是已知的。但是在真實(shí)場景下,目標(biāo)高度屬性信息是未知的。因此,本研究利用目標(biāo)高度屬性判別與高度估計(jì)相互依賴、相互影響的特點(diǎn),提出一種目標(biāo)高度屬性判別與高度估計(jì)算法。該算法估計(jì)出目標(biāo)具體飛行高度信息,并根據(jù)目標(biāo)高度信息和距離信息判別目標(biāo)的視距/超視距屬性。 5.高頻地波雷達(dá)飛行目標(biāo)高度屬性判別算法。在工程應(yīng)用中,最為關(guān)心的是希望能夠直接、快速判別目標(biāo)的高度屬性信息(視距/超視距屬性信息),這遠(yuǎn)比估計(jì)目標(biāo)的具體飛行高度更有實(shí)際應(yīng)用意義。基于上述工程設(shè)計(jì)思想,本研究重點(diǎn)解決高頻地波雷達(dá)飛行目標(biāo)的高度屬性判別問題,構(gòu)建目標(biāo)高度屬性判別算法和準(zhǔn)則,并提出一種高度屬性可信度計(jì)算方法。此外,針對信號回波強(qiáng)度存在固定偏差問題,本研究提出一種基于余弦相似度的高度屬性判別可信度計(jì)算方法,從而減小信號回波強(qiáng)度固定偏差的影響。
[Abstract]:High frequency ground wave radar (HFSWR) to oth detection ship and aircraft, has important significance for China's coastal and maritime traffic control modernization. Because HFSWR elevation narrow beam is difficult, can not directly provide flight target height information, and thus cannot be sentenced to height of the flying target don't, is unable to distinguish the target line of sight / super the horizon properties. The monostatic HFSWR target altitude estimation accuracy is low and unstable, poor credibility problems, this study proposes a bistatic HFSWR flight target height estimation method, focuses on the flight target height and height estimation algorithm of attribute discrimination, promote the application of the results in flight target recognition and target threat degree estimation etc. the main research contents of this paper are as follows:
1. theoretical analysis of vertical polarization electromagnetic wave propagation attenuation principle. Rotheram propagation model based on the attenuation characteristics of focus on the propagation of vertical polarization electromagnetic wave in the low altitude region and high altitude area. The target echo signal intensity and low altitude target height estimation is important information about the target RCS as a target altitude estimation accuracy of important parameters in this paper, the high frequency ground wave radar flight target RCS changes with the attitude angle was studied.
Study on the height of the estimated 2. bistatic radar low altitude targets. The traditional low altitude target height estimation model is not completely observable in height, resulting in height estimation in the presence of multiple solutions. The height of interval division this study will be of interest to a height of a sub interval, without filtering model of multi solution problem the height of each building sub interval, the weighted sum of height estimation results. According to the target RCS fluctuation problem, this study uses the AR model to target RCS fluctuation component modeling, reduce RCS fluctuation effect on height estimation.
3. based on the slant distance of high-altitude flight height estimation target azimuth and echo intensity information. The target is flying at high altitude under high altitude, wave propagation attenuation in the height direction change is very small. So the echo signal strength can not be applied to the target altitude estimation. Therefore, this study uses T/R station and R station receiving the target slant range, azimuth and altitude of target echo signal strength to construct highly combined estimation algorithm. In the height estimation algorithm, using the target slant range and azimuth information estimation of target altitude estimation, target echo signal strength information using RCS.
4. flight target height discrimination research and height estimation. The purpose of this study was to determine the target horizon / oth attribute at the same time, and estimate the target altitude information. The flight target height estimation method can only be applied to flight altitude or low altitude targets, and assumes that the target horizon / oth attribute is known but. In the real scene, the height of the target attribute information is unknown. Therefore, this study using the target height attribute discrimination and mutual dependence height estimation, the characteristics of interaction, provides a target height estimation. Height discrimination and estimate the target specific flight height information of the algorithm, and according to the target height and distance information the identification of target Los / oth attribute.
5. classification algorithm for monostatic HFGWR height. In engineering application, the most concern is to be able to direct, highly attribute information rapid identification of target (Los / NLOS attribute information), the actual application of this than the estimated target specific flight height is more significant. The design project based on height discrimination this study focused on solving the problem of monostatic HFGWR, constructing target height attribute identification algorithm and criterion, calculation method and put forward a kind of high credibility attributes. In addition, the echo signal intensity in fixed deviation problem, this paper presents a calculation method of reliability discriminant height attributes based on cosine similarity, thereby reducing the impact echo signal the strength of fixed deviation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TN958
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