本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施輔助的車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由協(xié)議研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：近年來,無線通信在移動(dòng)性支持方面的發(fā)展非�？�,而且車輛智能化程度大幅提高、機(jī)動(dòng)車輛迅速普及以及交通系統(tǒng)對(duì)信息化迫切需求,車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)VANETs隨之出現(xiàn)。以此為背景,本文對(duì)車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)(VANETs, Vehicular Ad hoc Networks)的路由協(xié)議進(jìn)行了研究。車載自組網(wǎng)是一種多跳的無線自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò),可以不分時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的快速構(gòu)建一個(gè)車輛間的移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò),網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的各節(jié)點(diǎn)都可以自由移動(dòng),地位相同。VANETs可以提供協(xié)助駕駛、事故預(yù)警、分布式交通信息發(fā)布、娛樂服務(wù)和信息服務(wù)等應(yīng)用。但是,在VANETs中,車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)移動(dòng)速度快,網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)變化頻率高,導(dǎo)致通信鏈路不穩(wěn)定,數(shù)據(jù)分組的傳輸質(zhì)量和路由協(xié)議的可靠性都因此受到極大影響。而這些特點(diǎn)也使得傳統(tǒng)無線移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由協(xié)議在VANETs中不能獲得較好的性能。本文通過分析國內(nèi)外VANETs的研究現(xiàn)狀以及現(xiàn)有的VANETs路由協(xié)議,對(duì)其進(jìn)行分類,介紹每個(gè)分類中重要協(xié)議采用的思想和方法,指出各類協(xié)議性能的優(yōu)劣之處以及需要解決的問題。對(duì)為乘客搭車提供服務(wù)的V2P協(xié)議進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的改進(jìn),提出了新的基于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施輔助的Ⅳ2P(Improved vehicle-to-passenger)協(xié)議。該協(xié)議引入路邊單元輔助查詢符合乘客需要的車輛并轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)乘客乘車需求消息,以無線和有線混合方式通信,保證了鏈路的穩(wěn)定性和有效性,減少了數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的時(shí)延。本文采用C++語言對(duì)協(xié)議進(jìn)行了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比,實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)景使用了真實(shí)地圖。實(shí)驗(yàn)主要從數(shù)據(jù)分組的成功投遞率、乘客平均等待時(shí)間等方面對(duì)IV2P路由協(xié)議和V2P路由協(xié)議進(jìn)行性能比較。仿真結(jié)果表明,基于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施輔助的IV2P路由協(xié)議既可以實(shí)現(xiàn)成功率更高的數(shù)據(jù)分組傳輸,又可以縮短乘客的等待時(shí)間。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of wireless communication in mobility support is very fast, and the intelligent degree of vehicles has been greatly improved, the popularity of motor vehicles and the urgent need for transportation system for information. The VANETs of vehicular ad hoc network has emerged. In this context, the routing protocol of VANETs (Vehicular Ad hoc Networks) is studied in this paper. Vehicular ad hoc network is a multi hop wireless ad hoc network. It can quickly build a mobile communication network between vehicles, regardless of time and place. All nodes in the network can move freely and have the same status. VANETs can provide assistance in driving, accident warning, distributed traffic information release, entertainment and information services. However, in VANETs, vehicle nodes move fast and the frequency of network topology changes, resulting in instability of communication links, and the quality of data packets and the reliability of routing protocols are greatly affected. These characteristics also make the traditional wireless mobile communication network routing protocol can not obtain better performance in VANETs. This paper analyzes the research status of VANETs at home and abroad and the existing VANETs routing protocols, classifies it, introduces the ideas and methods adopted in the important protocols of each classification, and points out the advantages and disadvantages of various protocols and the problems to be solved. The V2P protocol to provide services for passengers is improved accordingly, and a new 2P Improved protocol based on infrastructures is proposed. The protocol introduces the roadside unit to assist queries to meet the needs of passengers and forward passenger demand information, communicate in wireless and wired mode, ensure the stability and effectiveness of the link, and reduce the time delay of data forwarding. This paper compares the simulation experiments with the C++ language, and the experimental scene uses a real map. The experiment mainly compares the performance of the IV2P routing protocol and the V2P routing protocol in terms of the successful delivery rate of the data packet and the average waiting time of the passengers. The simulation results show that the IV2P routing protocol based on infrastructure can not only achieve data transmission with higher success rate, but also shorten the waiting time of passengers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U463.67;TN92

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