空氣簇射軸芯探測器的開發(fā)
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-10 19:46
【摘要】：人類對宇宙探索的腳步從沒停留過,宇宙線的起源作為當今世界最有爭議的課題之一,仍然被人們討論著。研究膝區(qū)(1015eV-1016eV)宇宙線的成分、精確測量各單成分能譜,將可揭示膝區(qū)宇宙線的起源。 中國西藏拉薩當雄縣羊八井鎮(zhèn),海拔4300米,對應大氣的深度約為606g/cm2。原初能量處于“膝區(qū)”,宇宙線大氣簇射在此處發(fā)展到極大值處。因此具有較高的測量精度。Yangbajing Air shower Core detector (YAC)擁有先進的數(shù)據(jù)分析方法,在羊八井宇宙觀測站內(nèi)同廣延大氣簇射陣列和地下繆子探測器陣列聯(lián)合運行。因此能夠完整無缺的記錄下“膝區(qū)”宇宙線次級粒子所攜帶的信息,高精度地實現(xiàn)測量50TeV-10PeV的原初質(zhì)子和氦核的單一成分能譜的物理目標。 本文著重討論了空氣簇射軸芯探測器的開發(fā)。由于YAC-Ⅱ探測器屬于光纖閃爍體探測器,在軸芯探測器開發(fā)的過程中首先介紹了光纖閃爍體探測器的工作原理。在這基礎上針對YAC-Ⅱ探測器的結(jié)構(gòu)和開發(fā)過程進行了介紹,考慮到西藏羊八井特殊的自然環(huán)境與氣候環(huán)境,本實驗組采用了防漏光、防水、防腐蝕以及保溫性能好的設計方案,為了更加保險起見,又對YAC-Ⅱ探測器的保護罩進行了優(yōu)化處理。關(guān)于探測器內(nèi)部各器件如何選擇才可以滿足實驗要求進行了可行性分析,其中包括鉛板厚度的選擇,光纖閃爍體的選擇,光電倍增管以及后端電子學的選擇,磁屏蔽管的選擇,高壓線、信號線以及接頭的一些性能的測試等。在可行性分析結(jié)果的基礎上對各個組成部分的性能進行了測試,測試結(jié)果表明YAC-Ⅱ探測器的性能可以滿足預期目標。 為了檢測探測器中的光電倍增管的測量范圍是否可以滿足要求,本實驗組利用了北京正負電子對撞機的直線加速器束流對探測器樣品進行了嚴格的標定,其中主要包括兩個不同型號的光電倍增管(R5325、R4125)的線性范圍和所用閃爍體的飽和效應。實驗結(jié)果證明高增益光電倍增管R4125動態(tài)范圍是1個電子到上千個電子；低增益光電倍增管R5125動態(tài)范圍是幾百個電子到上百萬個電子。這表明YAC-Ⅱ探測器可以很好的實現(xiàn)測量50TeV-10PeV的動態(tài)范圍。 最后對YAC-Ⅰ探測器實驗觀測到的各個物理參量進行了分析,通過對各個物理量的分析選擇出了高能軸芯事例,實驗中觀測到的物理參量反映了不同原初宇宙線核種的信息。這些結(jié)果對YAC-Ⅱ?qū)嶒灥臄?shù)據(jù)分析和物理目標實現(xiàn)打下了基礎。
[Abstract]:The origin of cosmic ray, as one of the most controversial topics in the world, is still being discussed. The origin of cosmic rays in the knee region (1015eV-1016eV) can be revealed by studying the composition of cosmic rays in the knee region and accurately measuring the energy spectra of each single component. Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County, Lhasa, Tibet, China, 4300 meters above sea level, corresponding atmosphere depth of about 606g / cm ~ 2. The original energy is in the knee region, where cosmic ray atmospheric shower develops to a maximum. Yangbajing Air shower Core detector (YAC) has advanced data analysis methods and operates in conjunction with extensive atmospheric shower array and underground muse detector array at Yangbajing Space Observatory. Therefore, the information carried by the secondary particles in the "knee region" cosmic ray can be recorded intact, and the physical objective of measuring the single component energy spectrum of the primary proton and helium nucleus of 50TeV-10PeV can be achieved with high precision. The development of air shower shaft detector is discussed in this paper. Because the YAC- 鈪，
本文編號：2437961
[Abstract]:The origin of cosmic ray, as one of the most controversial topics in the world, is still being discussed. The origin of cosmic rays in the knee region (1015eV-1016eV) can be revealed by studying the composition of cosmic rays in the knee region and accurately measuring the energy spectra of each single component. Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County, Lhasa, Tibet, China, 4300 meters above sea level, corresponding atmosphere depth of about 606g / cm ~ 2. The original energy is in the knee region, where cosmic ray atmospheric shower develops to a maximum. Yangbajing Air shower Core detector (YAC) has advanced data analysis methods and operates in conjunction with extensive atmospheric shower array and underground muse detector array at Yangbajing Space Observatory. Therefore, the information carried by the secondary particles in the "knee region" cosmic ray can be recorded intact, and the physical objective of measuring the single component energy spectrum of the primary proton and helium nucleus of 50TeV-10PeV can be achieved with high precision. The development of air shower shaft detector is discussed in this paper. Because the YAC- 鈪，
本文編號：2437961
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/tianwen/2437961.html
教材專著
