發(fā)布時間：2018-10-05 16:49

【摘要】：大氣色散會影響高分辨率成像、測光和光譜觀測的質(zhì)量。利用國家天文臺興隆觀測基地80 cm望遠(yuǎn)鏡獲得了四個波長范圍和五個天頂距的大氣色散實測值,波段范圍為360~440 nm、360~550 nm、360~640 nm和360~790 nm,天頂距分別為59.8°、57.6°、48.1°、47.8°和36.4°。討論了實驗過程中的四種主要誤差來源,測量精度約為0.6″。根據(jù)觀測時的天頂距、溫度、濕度和氣壓等數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合大氣折射模型計算了觀測當(dāng)時的理論大氣色散值,與實測值進行了對比分析,結(jié)果基本吻合。對大氣色散的影響因素和大氣色散對高精度天文觀測的影響進行了探討,為大口徑高精度天文觀測提供了減小大氣色散影響的方法。大氣色散實測和理論計算結(jié)果表明:該方法可獲得較高精度的大氣色散值;大氣色散對大口徑望遠(yuǎn)鏡的高精度天文觀測影響較大,需要根據(jù)觀測目的采用輔助設(shè)備來減小大氣色散的影響。
[Abstract]:Atmospheric dispersion affects the quality of high resolution imaging, photometry and spectral observations. The atmospheric dispersion measurements of four wavelength ranges and five zenith distances have been obtained by using the 80 cm telescope at Xinglong observation Base of the National Observatory. The band ranges from 360 to 440 nm,360~550 nm,360~640 nm and 360 nm, to 790 nm, are 59.8 擄/ 57.6 擄/ 48.1 擄/ 47.8 擄and 36.4 擄/ 36.4 擄, respectively. Four main sources of errors in the experiment are discussed. The measuring accuracy is about 0.6 ". Based on the data of zenith distance, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, the theoretical atmospheric dispersion values at the time of observation are calculated with the atmospheric refraction model. The results are in good agreement with the measured values. The influence factors of atmospheric dispersion and the influence of atmospheric dispersion on high-precision astronomical observation are discussed, which provides a method to reduce the influence of atmospheric dispersion for large-aperture and high-precision astronomical observation. The measured and theoretical results of atmospheric dispersion show that this method can obtain high precision atmospheric dispersion values, and that atmospheric dispersion has a great influence on high-precision astronomical observations of large aperture telescopes. It is necessary to use auxiliary equipment to reduce the influence of atmospheric dispersion according to the purpose of observation.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院軟件研究所天基綜合信息系統(tǒng)重點實驗室;中國科學(xué)院國家天文臺光學(xué)天文重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(11303042)
【分類號】：P111.23

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