【摘要】：月球引力場(chǎng)是月球的基本物理特征，在月球探測(cè)研究活動(dòng)中起著重要作用。確定高精度月球引力場(chǎng)對(duì)于進(jìn)一步論證月球起源，繞月衛(wèi)星軌道及登月地點(diǎn)的選擇有重要意義。隨著SELENE和GRAIL衛(wèi)星的成功發(fā)射，世界開始新一輪月球引力場(chǎng)探測(cè)熱潮。 本文主要是基于月球衛(wèi)星引力梯度測(cè)量技術(shù)，研究利用月球衛(wèi)星引力梯度測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)月球引力場(chǎng)的理論、方法及解算實(shí)例。本文第一部分主要介紹了月球引力場(chǎng)探測(cè)的背景與意義。第二部分，研究了利用引力梯度測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)月球引力場(chǎng)的理論方法，主要包括空域最小二乘法、時(shí)域時(shí)域法、時(shí)域頻域法求解月球引力場(chǎng)原理與數(shù)學(xué)模型。第三部分，依據(jù)時(shí)域最小二乘誤差分析法推導(dǎo)了月球引力場(chǎng)模型誤差計(jì)算公式，基于時(shí)域時(shí)域法分析了法方程矩陣的塊對(duì)角性。基于時(shí)域最小二乘誤差分析法，分析討論了星載梯度儀精度、衛(wèi)星軌道高度、數(shù)據(jù)采樣周期及采樣間隔對(duì)恢復(fù)月球引力場(chǎng)精度的影響。給出梯度測(cè)量最優(yōu)方案：梯度儀測(cè)量精度10mE/Hz~(1/2),軌道高度50km，數(shù)據(jù)采樣周期28天，采樣間隔5s。此方案最終能恢復(fù)335階月球引力場(chǎng)，，空間分辨率達(dá)到14km，在250階處引力異常累積誤差和月球水準(zhǔn)面累積誤差分別是1.42mGal和6.77cm。第四部分，以最優(yōu)方案指標(biāo)為參考，進(jìn)行衛(wèi)星軌道和梯度張量Vzz觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的模擬試算，采用預(yù)處理共軛梯度法恢復(fù)出100階月球引力場(chǎng)。從而驗(yàn)證了時(shí)域時(shí)域法恢復(fù)月球引力場(chǎng)的可行性。
[Abstract]:Lunar gravitational field is the basic physical feature of the moon and plays an important role in lunar exploration. The determination of high-precision lunar gravitational field is of great significance to further demonstrate the origin of the moon, orbit around the moon and the location of lunar landing. With the successful launch of SELENE and GRAIL satellites, the world began a new wave of lunar gravitational field exploration. Based on the gravity gradient measurement technique of lunar satellite, this paper studies the theory, method and calculation example of recovering the gravitational field of the moon by using the gravity gradient measurement data of lunar satellite. The first part of this paper mainly introduces the background and significance of lunar gravitational field exploration. In the second part, the theory and method of recovering lunar gravitational field by gravity gradient measurement data are studied, including spatial least square method and time-frequency domain method to solve the principle and mathematical model of lunar gravitational field. In the third part, based on the least square error analysis method in time domain, the formula for calculating the error of lunar gravitational field model is derived, and the block diagonality of the normal equation matrix is analyzed based on the time-domain method. Based on the least square error analysis method in time domain, the effects of satellite gradiometer precision, satellite orbit altitude, sampling period and sampling interval on the accuracy of lunar gravitational field recovery are analyzed and discussed. The optimal scheme of gradient measurement is given: the measuring accuracy of gradiometer is 10mE / Hz1 / 2, the orbit height is 50km, the sampling period is 28 days and the sampling interval is 5s. This scheme can finally restore 335th order lunar gravitational field with a spatial resolution of 14km. The accumulative errors of gravity anomaly and lunar geoid are 1.42mGal and 6.77cm respectively at 250th order. In the fourth part, the satellite orbit and gradient Zhang Liang Vzz data are simulated and calculated with the reference of the optimal scheme. The preconditioned conjugate gradient method is used to recover the 100th order lunar gravitational field. The feasibility of recovering the lunar gravitational field by time domain method is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P184

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