【摘要】：原子鑒頻器是一種基于原子躍遷的新型光學(xué)鑒頻器件,具有透射帶寬窄、透射譜型穩(wěn)定的特點(diǎn),因此在光電探測(cè)等領(lǐng)域具有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)�；谠予b頻的高光譜分辨率太陽觀測(cè),可以實(shí)現(xiàn)太陽光球?qū)雍蜕驅(qū)拥乃俣葓?chǎng)、磁場(chǎng)觀測(cè)；能夠?yàn)樘栁锢硌芯亢蛻?yīng)用提供高分辨率觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)；成為監(jiān)視太陽劇烈活動(dòng),進(jìn)行空間天氣預(yù)報(bào)的有效觀測(cè)手段。本文調(diào)研了高光譜分辨率太陽觀測(cè)的意義及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)后,以原子鑒頻技術(shù)及其在高光譜分辨率太陽觀測(cè)中的應(yīng)用為中心開展研究。 對(duì)基于原子躍遷的光學(xué)器件的理論和技術(shù)開展了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,開發(fā)了原子鑒頻器模擬軟件,用于指導(dǎo)原子鑒頻器的研制。分析了原子鑒頻器應(yīng)用于光電探測(cè)系統(tǒng)時(shí)出現(xiàn)的有效透射率問題及解決方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,發(fā)展出多種新型的原子光學(xué)器件。其中,普通型和緊湊型雙通道原子濾光器的成功研制,有效地提高了傳統(tǒng)原子濾光器的透射率,而雙峰原子鑒頻器和塞曼吸收原子鑒頻器的成功研制,則是實(shí)現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)原子器件的技術(shù)和功能擴(kuò)展,滿足了高光譜分辨太陽觀測(cè)的需求。研制了四峰透射原子鑒頻器,并提出基于四峰透射原子鑒頻器的太陽層析觀測(cè),具有創(chuàng)新意義。 為了開展高光譜分辨率太陽觀測(cè),設(shè)計(jì)并研制了兩種基于原子鑒頻的太陽觀測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),包括法拉第原子鑒頻器和塞曼吸收鑒頻器級(jí)聯(lián)實(shí)現(xiàn)高分辨的實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)以及法拉第原子鑒頻器和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)具級(jí)聯(lián)實(shí)現(xiàn)高分辨的實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)。采用法布里珀羅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)具光學(xué)選峰的實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),不僅穩(wěn)定性高,光譜分辨能力強(qiáng),而且還具有調(diào)諧方便的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 利用上述實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)開展高光譜分辨率太陽觀測(cè),成功地獲得了太陽全日面的多普勒速度觀測(cè)結(jié)果。對(duì)觀測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行圖像處理,扣除太陽較差自轉(zhuǎn)以及引力紅移等因素的影響,獲得了太陽速度場(chǎng)的初步結(jié)果。這是在國內(nèi)首次獲得基于原子鑒頻的太陽觀測(cè)結(jié)果,為我國太陽觀測(cè)研究提供新型觀測(cè)手段和科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。最后進(jìn)行了誤差分析,并結(jié)合激光雷達(dá)觀測(cè)結(jié)果,分析了地球大氣對(duì)高光譜分辨率太陽觀測(cè)的影響。
[Abstract]:Atomic frequency discriminator is a new type of optical discriminator based on atomic transition. It has the characteristics of narrow transmission band and stable transmission spectrum, so it has unique advantages in the field of photoelectric detection and so on. The hyperspectral resolution solar observations based on atomic frequency discrimination can realize the velocity field and magnetic field observation of the solar photosphere and chromosphere, provide high-resolution observation data for the research and application of the solar physics, and become the monitoring of the intense activities of the sun. An effective means of observation for space weather forecasting. After investigating the significance and development trend of hyperspectral resolution solar observation, this paper focuses on atomic frequency discrimination technology and its application in hyperspectral resolution solar observation. The theory and technology of optical devices based on atomic transition are studied systematically. The simulation software of atomic frequency discriminator is developed to guide the development of atomic frequency discriminator. The problem of effective transmittance of atomic frequency discriminator used in photoelectric detection system and its solution are analyzed. On this basis, a variety of new atomic optical devices have been developed. Among them, the successful development of conventional and compact dual-channel atomic filters has effectively improved the transmittance of traditional atomic filters, while the bimodal atomic discriminator and Zeeman absorption atomic discriminator have been successfully developed. It realizes the technical and functional expansion of traditional atomic devices and meets the needs of hyperspectral resolution solar observation. A four-peak transmission atomic frequency discriminator is developed, and the solar tomography observation based on the four-peak transmission atomic discriminator is presented, which is of great significance. In order to carry out hyperspectral resolution solar observation, two solar observation experimental systems based on atomic frequency discrimination are designed and developed. The experiment system consists of Faraday atomic discriminator and Zeeman absorption discriminator cascade to realize high resolution and Faraday atomic discriminator and standard device cascade to realize high resolution experimental system. The experimental system with Fabry-Perot standard for optical peak selection not only has high stability, strong spectral resolution, but also has the advantage of convenient tuning. Using the above experimental system to carry out the hyperspectral resolution solar observations, the Doppler velocity observation results of the solar total solar surface have been obtained successfully. The preliminary results of the solar velocity field are obtained by image processing and deducting the influence of some factors such as the differential rotation of the sun and the gravitational redshift. This is the first time to obtain the results of solar observation based on atomic frequency discrimination in China, which provides a new method of observation and scientific data for the study of solar observation in China. Finally, the error analysis is carried out, and the influence of the earth's atmosphere on the hyperspectral resolution solar observation is analyzed by combining the observation results of lidar.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（武漢物理與數(shù)學(xué)研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH753.1;P182

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