【摘要】：黑洞作為一類極其特殊的天體,在廣義相對論以及量子引力理論中都是重要的研究對象。自上世紀70年代霍金輻射發(fā)現以來,人們通過研究黑洞與其周圍物質場的相互作用來了解其內部物理結構。本文主要工作是研究了不同黑洞時空在不同條件下對其周圍物質場的吸收和散射截面特征,揭示黑洞對物質場的散射規(guī)律。 本文第二章中,我們利用灰度因子計算了在暗能量影響下史瓦希黑洞對無質量標量場的吸收截面。計算結果表明被quintessence包圍的史瓦希黑洞時空對標量場的吸收截面在光學極限附近振動,并且隨暗能量的狀態(tài)參量ωq減小而減小。在隨后幾章中(第三至五章),我們利用分波法和數值計算法分別計算了不同黑洞時空在不同情形時對其周圍物質場的吸收和散射截面。 本文第三章中,我們計算了Horava-Lifshitz引力理論中黑洞時空對無質量標量場的散射。我們可以從數值結果看到：在HL引力理論中黑洞時空對無質量標量場的吸收截面隨耦合系數α增加而減��；各分波的微分散射截面曲線隨著角動量l增加而變得復雜；對于確定頻率ω,當耦合系數α增加時,散射耀斑值隨之降低,角寬隨之變寬。 本文第四章中,我們計算了GSH黑洞時空對無質量標量場的散射。從計算結果我們可以看到,磁參數α相同時,各分波吸收截面隨l增加而降低；對于確定角動量l,吸收截面隨磁參數α降低而增加；散射角寬隨l增加而變窄,其阻尼振動模型也變得更加復雜。 本文第五章中,我們計算了存在宇宙弦時球對稱黑洞時空對無質量狄拉克場的吸收和散射截面。對于這四種不同黑洞時空,計算結果表明其吸收截面隨著參數b(b=1-4μ)的增加而增加；對于頻率較高的分波,主散射角寬變窄；當宇宙弦線密度μ較大時其耀斑角寬變大。
[Abstract]:As a special kind of celestial body, black hole is an important research object in general relativity and quantum gravitation theory. Since the discovery of Hawking radiation in 1970s, the physical structure of black hole has been studied by studying the interaction between black hole and its surrounding mass field. The main work of this paper is to study the absorption and scattering cross section characteristics of the mass field around black hole under different conditions, and to reveal the scattering law of black hole to matter field. In the second chapter, we calculate the absorption cross section of the massless scalar field by using the gray factor under the influence of dark energy. The results show that the absorption cross section of the scalar field in the space-time of the quintessence black hole vibrates near the optical limit and decreases with the decrease of the state parameter 蠅 Q of the dark energy. In the following chapters (chapters 3 to 5), we calculate the absorption and scattering cross sections of mass fields around black holes under different conditions by using the fractional wave method and the numerical method, respectively. In chapter 3, we calculate the scattering of black hole space-time to massless scalar field in Horava-Lifshitz 's theory of gravity. We can see from the numerical results that the absorption cross section of the mass free scalar field decreases with the increase of coupling coefficient 偽, the differential scattering cross section curve of each fractional wave becomes more complicated with the increase of angular momentum in HL gravity theory, and the absorption cross section of the mass free scalar field decreases with the increase of coupling coefficient 偽. For given frequency 蠅, when the coupling coefficient 偽 increases, the scattering flare value decreases and the angle width becomes wider. In chapter 4, we calculate the scattering of GSH black hole spacetime to massless scalar field. From the calculation results, we can see that when the magnetic parameter 偽 is the same, the absorption cross sections decrease with the increase of l; for the determination of angular momentum l, the absorption cross sections increase with the decrease of magnetic parameter 偽, and the scattering angle widths become narrower with the increase of l. The damping vibration model becomes more complicated. In chapter 5, we calculate the absorption and scattering cross sections of the space-time of spherically symmetric black hole to the massless Dirac field in the presence of cosmic chords. For these four black holes, the calculated results show that the absorption cross section increases with the increase of the parameter b (b ~ (1-4 渭), the main scattering angle becomes narrower for the higher frequency partial waves, and the flare angle widens when the cosmic chord density 渭 is larger.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P145.8

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