【摘要】：最近的幾年探測暗物質(zhì)已經(jīng)成為宇宙學(xué)和物理學(xué)研究中最前沿的課題之一，它必將成為最熱門的研究。對暗物質(zhì)的探測會使我們更近一步的認(rèn)識宇宙的結(jié)構(gòu)及其形成的過程，由此暗物質(zhì)的研究將是非常有意義的。在眾多被預(yù)測的暗物質(zhì)理論模型中，，弱相互作用重粒子（WIMPs）被認(rèn)為是重要的候選者。 我國借助于四川錦屏山優(yōu)異的自然條件，建立了第一個極深地下室——中國錦屏地下實驗室（CJPL）。2400米的巖石垂直覆蓋深度使得中國的實驗室具備了最優(yōu)越的條件，我國極低本底實驗也正式開始了研究。極厚的巖石層以及實驗室內(nèi)部的屏蔽體可以有效地屏蔽宇宙線及其次級粒子的本底影響。但在海平面上宇宙射線激活探測器材料產(chǎn)生的本底，因為存在于實驗室的最中心不能被有效地屏蔽，這將成為這類實驗的一大隱患，實驗材料本身存在的放射性對探測器的影響將是不可忽略的。 高純鍺（HPGe，86%76Ge和14%74Ge）在制造和運輸過程中長時間暴露在宇宙線中。在這些過程中，宇宙線活化現(xiàn)象將在HPGe晶體中產(chǎn)生大量的放射性元素。HPGe材料最頻繁地在超低放射性本底的實驗被使用，那么HPGe被活化產(chǎn)生的影響將是不可忽略的。因此，估算宇宙線活化HPGe晶體產(chǎn)生的放射性對探測器本身的影響是我的工作目標(biāo)。在本文中根據(jù)已知的宇宙線活化HPGe晶體產(chǎn)生的產(chǎn)率為前提，對被活化了的鍺晶體在自身內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生的射線以及在0~12keV的X射線產(chǎn)生的本底水平進(jìn)行了估計。這些結(jié)果可以為實驗室去除本底提供參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the detection of dark matter has become one of the most popular research topics in cosmology and physics. Detection of dark matter will bring us a closer understanding of the structure of the universe and its formation process, so the study of dark matter will be of great significance. Weak interacting heavy particles (WIMPs) are considered as important candidates in many predicted dark matter theoretical models. With the help of the excellent natural conditions of Jinping Mountain, Sichuan Province, China has established the first extremely deep basement, the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL). 2400 meters of vertical rock cover depth, which makes the Chinese laboratory have the most favorable conditions. The very low background experiments in China have also officially begun to study. The extremely thick lithosphere and the shielding body inside the laboratory can effectively shield the background effects of cosmic rays and their secondary particles. But the background that cosmic ray activated detector materials are produced at sea level, because the most important centers in the laboratory cannot be effectively shielded, will be a big danger in such experiments. The influence of the radioactivity of the material itself on the detector can not be ignored. High-purity germanium (HPGeN 86vGe and 14tGe) were exposed to cosmic rays for a long time during manufacture and transportation. In these processes, cosmic ray activation will produce a large number of radioactive elements in HPGe crystal. HPGe materials will be used most frequently in ultra-low radioactive background experiments, so the effect of HPGe activation will not be ignored. Therefore, it is my goal to estimate the effect of radioactivity produced by cosmic ray activated HPGe crystal on the detector itself. Based on the known yield of HPGe crystals activated by cosmic rays, the background levels of the internal rays produced by the activated germanium crystals and the background levels of the X-rays generated at 0 ~ 12keV are estimated. These results can provide a reference for laboratory background removal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P145.9

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