本文選題：月壤 + 鉆取采樣　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國探月工程三期的目標是完成月面采樣任務并返回地球。鉆具與月壤相互作用特性包含鉆進取芯時鉆具與月壤間的力學特性和鉆具的排粉特性。在月面鉆取采樣任務中，鉆具與月壤相互作用的力學特性及鉆具的排粉特性是鉆取采樣裝置研制、鉆具構型參數優(yōu)化及鉆進規(guī)程研究的基本依據之一。依據經典土力學中的極限平衡理論分析采樣鉆具對模擬月壤鉆進取芯過程中鉆具與月壤相互作用的力學模型。研究采樣鉆具取芯過程中鉆具的排粉特性，并采用圖像處理的方法實時監(jiān)測鉆具的排粉特性。 面向鉆取采樣裝置低功耗、高可靠性、高取芯率的設計要求，提出了“空心外螺旋鉆桿+V型刃鉆頭”組合形式的取心鉆具�？招耐饴菪@桿具有較好的排粉特性，是地外天體鉆取采樣探測任務中常用的一種鉆桿形式。V型刃鉆頭的鉆頭體上鑲嵌有四個V型切削刃，能夠更好地侵入硬質月壤，并取得較高的取心率。鉆進取芯過程中Ｖ型刃鉆頭的四個切削刃同時對模擬月壤進行切削，四個切削刃間相互影響，產生的切削阻力相互耦合在一起，難以準確建立鉆頭的切削阻力模型，因此需要簡化鉆頭的切削阻力模型。將鉆頭切削模擬月壤時V型切削刃的回轉運動簡化為切削刃的直線切削運動。依據經典土力學極限平衡理論建立單個V型切削刃直線切削模擬月壤時的單刃切削模型，，并對該模型開展試驗驗證。 考慮V型切削刃直線切削與回轉切削的不同點，基于V型切削刃的單刃切削模型建立鉆頭對模擬月壤的回轉切削力學模型。參照單刃切削模型中模擬月壤的失效模型，分析采樣鉆桿螺旋排屑槽內鉆屑月壤的運動形式和受力情況，建立鉆具排粉過程中的排粉阻力矩模型。 采樣鉆具在鉆進取心過程中，鉆具與月壤相互作用的力載特性和鉆具的排粉特性是一個相互耦合不可分割的整體，需要研究鉆具的排粉特性。分析采樣鉆具鉆進取心過程中產生的鉆屑月壤的位置流向，建立不同位置流向的鉆屑月壤與鉆孔內原位月壤間的體積對應關系模型，以分析的鉆具排粉特性。提出基于圖像處理的堆積區(qū)月壤體積特性非接觸式測量方法，實時監(jiān)測采樣鉆具的排粉特性，并將測量結果作為變量參數引入到鉆桿的排粉阻力矩模型和鉆具的排粉模型中，分析鉆具與月壤相互作用特性。
[Abstract]:The goal of the third phase of China's lunar exploration project is to complete the lunar surface sampling mission and return to Earth. The interaction between drilling tool and lunar soil includes the mechanical properties of drilling tool and lunar soil and the characteristics of drilling tool powder removal. In the lunar drilling sampling task, the mechanical characteristics of the interaction between drilling tool and lunar soil and the discharging characteristics of drilling tool are one of the basic basis for the development of drilling sampling device, the optimization of drilling tool configuration parameters and the study of drilling rules. Based on the limit equilibrium theory in classical soil mechanics, the mechanical model of the interaction between the drilling tool and the lunar soil during the drilling and coring simulation of lunar soil is analyzed. In this paper, the powder removal characteristics of drilling tools in the process of coring are studied, and the image processing method is used to monitor the characteristics of drilling tools in real time. In order to meet the design requirements of low power consumption, high reliability and high coring rate of drilling sampling device, a "V-shaped drill bit with hollow outer spiral drill pipe" is proposed. The hollow outer spiral drill pipe is a common type of drill pipe in the field of sampling and detecting by the ground object. The drill body of the V-shaped drill bit is embedded with four V-shaped cutting edges, which can better invade the hard lunar soil. A higher heart rate was obtained. In the process of core-drilling, the four cutting edges of V-shaped bit are simultaneously cutting the simulated lunar soil. The cutting resistance produced by the four cutting edges is coupled with each other, so it is difficult to establish the cutting resistance model of the bit accurately. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify the cutting resistance model of bit. The rotary motion of V-shaped cutting edge is simplified as the straight cutting motion of cutting edge when bit cutting simulates lunar soil. Based on the limit equilibrium theory of classical soil mechanics, a single-edge cutting model for simulating lunar soil with a single V-shaped cutting edge was established, and the model was tested and verified. Considering the difference between straight cutting and rotary cutting of V-shaped cutting edge, the rotary cutting force model of bit to simulate lunar soil is established based on the single-edge cutting model of V-shaped cutting edge. According to the failure model of simulating lunar soil in single-edge cutting model, the movement and force of lunar soil in the spiral chiphole of sampling drill pipe are analyzed, and the model of draining resistance moment of drilling tool is established. In the process of drilling for coring, the interaction between drilling tool and lunar soil and the characteristics of drilling tool discharging powder are an inseparable whole, so it is necessary to study the characteristics of drilling tool powder removal. This paper analyzes the position and direction of lunar soil produced by drilling with sampling drilling tool, and establishes the volume correspondence model between drilling cuttings lunar soil and in-situ lunar soil in drilling hole, so as to analyze the characteristics of drilling tool powder discharge. A non-contact measurement method based on image processing for the volume characteristics of lunar soil in the accumulation area is proposed to monitor the dust discharge characteristics of the drilling tools in real time, and the measured results are introduced as variable parameters into the draining resistance moment model of the drill pipe and the powder discharge model of the drilling tool. The interaction between drilling tool and lunar soil was analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P634;P184.5

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