本文關(guān)鍵詞：農(nóng)田水利工程治理天津市土壤鹽漬化的效果，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

農(nóng)田水利工程治理天津市土壤鹽漬化的效果

Effect of irrigation and drainage engineering control on improvement of soil salinity in Tianjin

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Wang Xiuli1, Zhang Fengrong, Wang Yuepeng1, Feng Ting1, Lian Xiaojuan2, Wang Yan2 （ l. College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing

[1]中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院,北京100193; [2]天津市農(nóng)業(yè)資源與環(huán)境研究所,天津300192

文章摘要：為研究農(nóng)田水利工程治理鹽漬化的效果,以天津市為例,結(jié)合ArcGIS9.3與試驗(yàn)分析方法,分析說(shuō)明農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)對(duì)土壤鹽漬化改良的作用。結(jié)果表明,1982-2008年,鹽漬土面積由49.40×104hm2,降低到32.42×104hm2,18.76%的鹽漬土完全脫鹽化,其他土壤鹽化程度也大大降低;2006-2010年,來(lái)自于鹽漬土的新增耕地面積減少了2.54×104hm2,但有1.11×104hm2的溝渠轉(zhuǎn)換成耕地;0~60 cm內(nèi)的濱海鹽漬土剖面中,排水體系完善的耕地,69.81%以上在輕度鹽化以下,而排水體系較差的荒地,40%以上為鹽土,僅14.85%在輕度鹽化以下。1982-2005年,易形成鹽漬化的土壤面積由65.55×104hm2,減少到49.60×104hm2,減少區(qū)域與鹽漬化降低區(qū)的分布區(qū)域一致。因此,農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)是通過(guò)改良鹽漬土的形成環(huán)境,從而達(dá)到治理鹽漬化的效果。對(duì)于溝渠分布過(guò)密的脫鹽化地區(qū),可將部分廢棄溝渠納入宜耕后備資源中,通過(guò)土地整治促進(jìn)農(nóng)田集中連片,進(jìn)而推進(jìn)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)。

Abstr：Since the 1950s, China has begun to develop irrigation and water conservation project construction to control the saline-alkali soil. However, there are few reports about the effect on soil salinity improvement resulting from large-scale farmland and water conservancy engineering construction. So to check the effect of irrigation and drainage engineering on soil salinity improvement action, this research took Tianjin, in which the saline-alkali soil area is wide, as an example for the discussion and analysis of the improvement effect on soil salinity of farmland and water conservancy engineering construction. This study illustrated the relationship of interaction and change between farmland and water conservancy engineering construction and soil salinity improvement from the formation environment of saline-alkali soil and salinity change based on ArcGIS9.3 and laboratory analyses. The results showed that with the constant improvement of irrigation and drainage engineering construction and facilities, during the period from 1982 to 2002, the area where the salinity soil was easy to form reduced from 65.55×104 hm2to 54.60×104 hm2, which was down by up to the percentage of 9.96%. During the period from 1982 to 2008, the salinity soil area reduced from 49.40× 104 hm2 to 32.42× 104 hm2, in the meantime, 18.76% of the saline alkali soil had completed the desalinization with other areas whose soil salinity degree was also reduced substantially further. During the period from 2006 to 2010, newly increased cultivated land which originally belonged to saline-alkali land had decreased by 2.54~104 hm2, at the same time the area that the irrigation canals and ditches had exchanged into the cultivated land was up to 1.11

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:soils, drainage, irrigation, salinity control, Tianjin

課題項(xiàng)目：國(guó)家科技基礎(chǔ)性工作專項(xiàng)（編號(hào)：2008FY110600）;國(guó)家科技基礎(chǔ)性工作專項(xiàng)（編號(hào)：2012FY112100）

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：農(nóng)田水利工程治理天津市土壤鹽漬化的效果，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。