【摘要】：本文針對(duì)吉林市某汽車4S店的廢舊機(jī)油,采用有機(jī)溶劑與KOH溶液萃取-絮凝方法處理廢舊機(jī)油,使油品的性能和顏色有了很大改善。通過(guò)單因素試驗(yàn)對(duì)比環(huán)己烷—異丙醇雙溶劑精制方法和異丙醇單溶劑精制方法對(duì)再生油性能的影響,考察KOH溶液濃度、有機(jī)溶劑與KOH溶液的質(zhì)量比、劑油質(zhì)量比、精制時(shí)間和精制溫度五個(gè)因素對(duì)油品質(zhì)量的影響。在最佳工藝條件下,通過(guò)測(cè)定再生油的黏度(40℃和100℃)、黏度指數(shù)、酸值、閃點(diǎn)、凝點(diǎn)、密度以及金屬含量對(duì)比兩種萃取—絮凝方法,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示環(huán)己烷—異丙醇和KOH溶液雙溶劑萃取—絮凝方法的再生油質(zhì)量參數(shù)更接近潤(rùn)滑油評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。進(jìn)而通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)對(duì)環(huán)己烷—異丙醇和KOH溶液萃取—絮凝方法的工藝條件進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化,同時(shí)得出因素的主次順序。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:環(huán)己烷—異丙醇和KOH溶液雙溶劑萃取—絮凝方法再生潤(rùn)滑油基礎(chǔ)油的最佳工藝條件為:KOH溶液濃度為15%,混合有機(jī)溶劑與KOH溶液的質(zhì)量比為7:1,劑油質(zhì)量比為2:1,精制溫度為45℃,精制時(shí)間為30min。各影響因素主次順序?yàn)?劑油質(zhì)量比影響最大,其次是KOH溶液濃度、精制溫度和混合有機(jī)溶劑與KOH溶液的質(zhì)量比,而精制時(shí)間的影響最小。在該工藝條件下,再生油的性質(zhì)參數(shù)如下:40℃黏度為17.58 mm2·s-1,100℃黏度為4.11mm2·s-1,黏度指數(shù)為139.06,酸值為0.0234 mg·KOH·g-1,凝點(diǎn)為-17℃,閃點(diǎn)為234℃,收率為83.4%。與廢潤(rùn)滑油的性質(zhì)參數(shù)相比,環(huán)己烷—異丙醇和KOH溶液萃取—絮凝方法得到的再生油性能指標(biāo)有了很大改善,達(dá)到HVI150潤(rùn)滑油基礎(chǔ)油性能指標(biāo)要求。依據(jù)模擬試驗(yàn)參數(shù),初步設(shè)計(jì)了一套廢舊潤(rùn)滑油回收的工藝流程。本論文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)是采用環(huán)己烷-異丙醇混合有機(jī)溶劑作為萃取劑,來(lái)改善有機(jī)溶劑對(duì)廢舊機(jī)油的溶解度;工藝流程中首先進(jìn)行溶劑精制,減緩減壓蒸餾過(guò)程中對(duì)設(shè)備的腐蝕作用,以延長(zhǎng)設(shè)備的使用壽命,為將來(lái)的廢舊潤(rùn)滑油工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the waste oil of a 4S shop in Jilin City is treated by organic solvent and KOH solution extraction-flocculation method, which greatly improves the performance and color of the oil. The effects of cyclohexane-isopropanol double solvent refining method and isopropanol single solvent refining method on the properties of regenerated oil were compared by single factor test. The effects of KOH solution concentration, mass ratio of organic solvent to KOH solution, mass ratio of solvent to oil, refining time and refining temperature on oil quality were investigated. Under the optimum technological conditions, the viscosity (40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2505202