發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-22 10:46

【摘要】：可移動(dòng)連續(xù)試油裝置是油田開采石油使用的試油排液裝置。它是在陸地油井正式安裝抽油機(jī)之前,通過(guò)機(jī)械舉升的方法將井內(nèi)液體排出至地面的裝置。同樣是致力于排液,但是由于試油排液施工時(shí)間為十幾天到一個(gè)月,且井口地面安裝條件差,所以各型現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用的抽油機(jī)無(wú)法直接使用。早期國(guó)內(nèi)應(yīng)用最廣泛的試油排液裝置是以通井機(jī)做為動(dòng)力源,此裝置工作效率低、人工勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大,不是試油排液專用設(shè)備。因此,本文主要是研制生產(chǎn)出可移動(dòng)連續(xù)試油裝置,完成其運(yùn)動(dòng)和載荷分析,以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試和優(yōu)化改進(jìn)。本文基于油田試油排液的工藝要求提出裝置的主要設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),研發(fā)出開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)和擺線針輪減速器一起密封于滾筒之內(nèi)的電動(dòng)滾筒,完成裝置平衡箱、剎車、懸掛系統(tǒng)的選型和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)的新裝置有儲(chǔ)能節(jié)能系統(tǒng)能耗低、對(duì)作業(yè)場(chǎng)地條件要求低、搬遷安裝方便、能實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)連續(xù)試油排液。參考目前主要類型抽油機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)、靜力學(xué)理論對(duì)可移動(dòng)連續(xù)試油裝置懸點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)和載荷變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行理論分析,其中重點(diǎn)對(duì)懸點(diǎn)的加速度和載荷進(jìn)行詳盡的分析,并進(jìn)行實(shí)例計(jì)算。分析結(jié)果表明,此裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)機(jī)架產(chǎn)生的沖擊載荷小,裝置在低沖次下運(yùn)行更平穩(wěn)。采用有限元分析軟件對(duì)可移動(dòng)連續(xù)試油裝置進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,以及分析12根繃?yán)K的彈性模量對(duì)裝置影響。分析可知,選用彈性模量較大的繃?yán)K時(shí),裝置能更好的滿足使用要求。在滿足強(qiáng)度要求和使用功能的前提下,經(jīng)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化后機(jī)架主支架截面積降低32.1%,總高降低38.9%。對(duì)在油田使用中的可移動(dòng)連續(xù)試油裝置的懸點(diǎn)加速度和載荷進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試。測(cè)試值和理論計(jì)算值相差不大,說(shuō)明本論文中懸點(diǎn)的理論分析可以用來(lái)初略估算可移動(dòng)連續(xù)試油裝置懸點(diǎn)的加速度和載荷,可對(duì)此類裝置的懸點(diǎn)分析提供一定的理論參考。
[Abstract]:Movable continuous oil test device is a kind of oil test and drainage device used in oil field production. It is a device to discharge liquid from the well to the ground by mechanical lifting before the pumping unit is officially installed in the land oil well. It is also devoted to drainage, but because the construction time of oil test drainage is more than ten days to a month, and the installation conditions of wellhead surface are poor, the pumping units used in various types of field can not be used directly. In the early stage, the most widely used oil test and drainage device in China is to use the well rig as the power source, which has low working efficiency and high labor intensity, so it is not a special equipment for oil test and drainage. Therefore, this paper mainly develops and produces a movable continuous oil test device, completes its motion and load analysis, as well as field test and optimization improvement. In this paper, based on the technological requirements of oil field test and drainage, the main design parameters of the device are put forward, and the electric drum sealed in the drum with the cycloid needle wheel reducer is developed, and the type selection and structure design of the balance box, brake and suspension system of the device are completed. The designed new device has the advantages of low energy consumption of energy storage and energy saving system, low requirements for working site conditions, convenient relocation and installation, and can realize automatic continuous oil test and drainage. Referring to the kinematics and statics theory of the main types of pumping units at present, the movement and load variation of the suspension point of the movable continuous oil test device are analyzed theoretically, in which the acceleration and load of the suspension point are analyzed in detail, and an example calculation is carried out. The analysis results show that the impact load of the device on the frame is small, and the device runs more smoothly at low impact. The strength check and structure optimization of movable continuous oil test device are carried out by finite element analysis software, and the influence of elastic modulus of 12 bandages on the device is analyzed. The analysis shows that the device can better meet the requirements when the bandage with large elastic modulus is selected. On the premise of meeting the strength requirements and using function, the cross section area of the main support of the frame is reduced by 32.1% and the total height is reduced by 38.9% after structural optimization. The suspension acceleration and load of movable continuous oil test device used in oil field are tested on the spot. There is no significant difference between the test value and the theoretical calculation value, which shows that the theoretical analysis of the suspension point in this paper can be used to estimate the acceleration and load of the suspension point of the movable continuous oil test device, and can provide some theoretical reference for the suspension point analysis of this kind of device.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE932

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本文編號(hào)：2504509