發(fā)布時間：2019-05-28 07:44

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷推進(jìn),石油和天然氣工業(yè)進(jìn)入一個高速發(fā)展的時期,管道運(yùn)輸這種輸送方式在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)、國防工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人們的日常生活中,正發(fā)揮著極為重要的作用。我國幅員遼闊,油氣管道所處的環(huán)境較為復(fù)雜,高寒地區(qū)可能發(fā)生凍堵,海底管道可能由于通球發(fā)生堵塞,這些特殊的自然環(huán)境加大了排堵的難度,且作業(yè)成本較高。因此,探尋一種迅速、可靠、實用的手段對管道內(nèi)堵塞狀況進(jìn)行檢測,對堵塞位置進(jìn)行定位,可以為管理者制定排堵計劃提供信息,減小排堵作業(yè)成本,降低由于管道堵塞造成的停輸經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。 較為全面的調(diào)研了應(yīng)用于管道堵塞檢測的相關(guān)技術(shù),按其原理和適應(yīng)的情況對這些技術(shù)分別進(jìn)行了分類論述。 對管道堵塞在線監(jiān)測技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究和討論,對兩種不同的在線監(jiān)測堵塞發(fā)生的方法進(jìn)行了討論。建立了管道模型,研究了模型求解方法,對兩種不同在線監(jiān)測堵塞的方法進(jìn)行了分析。 針對管道發(fā)生完全堵塞的情況,進(jìn)行了基于瞬態(tài)的壓力信號分析法堵塞檢測技術(shù)的研究。確定了壓力波在管道內(nèi)傳播速度的計算方式。對利用小波進(jìn)行信號去噪的方式進(jìn)行了研究。信號去噪后,利用小波進(jìn)行信號奇異性分析,研究了不同小波基、分解層次、消失矩對信號分析的影響。研究了利用小波變換模極大值與Lipschitz指數(shù)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行奇異性判定的方法。 對堵塞檢測系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,明確了堵塞檢測系統(tǒng)的工作任務(wù),根據(jù)其任務(wù)研究了該套堵塞檢測系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有的特點(diǎn),整理出清晰的設(shè)計思路。分別對堵塞檢測系統(tǒng)的瞬態(tài)發(fā)生裝置、數(shù)據(jù)采集單元、堵塞點(diǎn)計算單元進(jìn)行了設(shè)計。 進(jìn)行了堵塞檢測系統(tǒng)計算單元的軟件開發(fā),使用MATLAB語言GUI模塊開發(fā)了具有友好圖形界面的進(jìn)行堵塞點(diǎn)定位的軟件,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場實驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了堵塞點(diǎn)識別。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's economy and the continuous progress of urbanization, the oil and natural gas industry has entered a period of rapid development. Pipeline transportation is the mode of transportation in the national economy, national defense industry production and people's daily life. Is playing an extremely important role. The environment of oil and gas pipelines in China is vast, the environment of oil and gas pipelines is more complex, freezing and blocking may occur in high and cold areas, and submarine pipelines may be clogged through the ball. These special natural environments make it more difficult to discharge blockages, and the operation cost is high. Therefore, exploring a rapid, reliable and practical means to detect the blockage in the pipeline and locate the blockage position can provide information for the manager to make the blockage plan and reduce the cost of the blockage operation. Reduce the economic loss of shutdown caused by pipeline blockage. The related technologies applied to pipeline blockage detection are investigated comprehensively, and these technologies are classified and discussed according to their principle and adaptation. The on-line monitoring technology of pipeline blockage is studied and discussed, and two different methods of on-line monitoring blockage are discussed. The pipeline model is established, the solving method of the model is studied, and two different methods of on-line monitoring blockage are analyzed. Aiming at the complete blockage of pipeline, the blockage detection technology based on transient pressure signal analysis is studied. The calculation method of pressure wave propagation velocity in pipeline is determined. The method of signal denoising using wavelet is studied. After signal denoising, wavelet is used to analyze the singularity of the signal, and the effects of different wavelet bases, decomposition levels and disappearance moments on the signal analysis are studied. The method of determining singularity by using the relationship between modulus Maxima of wavelet transform and Lipschitz index is studied. The blockage detection system is designed, the working task of the blockage detection system is defined, according to its task, the characteristics of the blockage detection system are studied, and a clear design idea is sorted out. The transient generating device, data acquisition unit and blockage point calculation unit of the blockage detection system are designed respectively. The software of the calculation unit of blockage detection system is developed, and the software of blocking point location with friendly graphical interface is developed by using MATLAB language GUI module, and the blocking point identification is carried out with the field experimental data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE973.6

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